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Council Directive 98/57/ECDangos y teitl llawn

Council Directive 98/57/EC of 20 July 1998 on the control of Ralstonia solanacearum (Smith) Yabuuchi et al.

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[F1Appendix 8 Eggplant and tomato culture

Textual Amendments

Sow seeds of tomato ( Lycopersicon esculentum ) or eggplant ( Solanum melongena ) in pasteurised seed compost. Transplant seedlings with fully expanded cotyledons (10 to 14 days) into pasteurised potting compost.

Eggplants or tomatoes should be grown in a glasshouse with the following environmental conditions prior to inoculation:

Day length 14 hours or natural day length if greater;
Temperature

day 21 to 24 °C,

night14 to 18 °C.

Susceptible variety of tomato ‘ “ Moneymaker ” ’
Susceptible variety of eggplant ‘ “ Black Beauty ” ’
Suppliers see website http://forum.europa.eu.int/Public/irc/sanco/Home/main

REFERENCES U.K.

1. Amann, R.I., L. Krumholz and D.A. Stahl. 1990. Fluorescent-oligonucleotide probing of whole cells for determinative, phylogenetic and environmental studies in microbiology. J. Bacteriol. 172: 762-770. U.K.
2. Anon. 1998. Council Directive 98/57/EC of 20 July 1998 on the control of Ralstonia solanacearum (Smith) Yabuuchi et al. Official Journal of the European Communities L235, 1-39. U.K.
3. Boudazin, G., A.C. Le Roux, K. Josi, P. Labarre and B. Jouan. 1999. Design of division specific primers of Ralstonia solanacearum and application to the identification of European isolates. European Journal of Plant Pathology 105; 373-380. U.K.
4. Caruso, P., Gorris, M.T., Cambra, M., Palomo, J.L., Collar, J and Lopez, M.M. 2002. Enrichment Double-Antibody Sandwich Indirect Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay That Uses a Specific Monoclonal Antibody for sensitive Detection of Ralstonia solanacearum in Asymptomatic Potato Tubers. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 68, 3634-3638. U.K.
5. Cook, D., Barlow, E. and Sequeira, L. 1989. Genetic diversity of Pseudomonas solanacearum : detection of restriction fragment length polymorphisms with DNA probes that specify virulence and the hypersensitive response. Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions 1:113-121. U.K.
6. Elphinstone, J.G., Hennessy, J., Wilson, J.K. and Stead, D.E. 1996. Sensitivity of detection of Ralstonia solanacearum in potato tuber extracts. EPPO Bulletin 26; 663-678. U.K.
7. Englebrecht, M.C. (1994) Modification of a semi-selective medium for the isolation and quantification of Pseudomonas solanacearum . In: A.C. Hayward (ed.) Bacterial Wilt Newsletter 10, 3-5. Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research, Canberra, Australia. U.K.
8. Hayward, A.C. 1964. Characteristics of Pseudomonas solanacearum . Journal of Applied Bacteriology 27; 265-277. U.K.
9. Hayward, A.C., El-Nashaar, H.M., Nydegger, U. and De Lindo, L. 1990. Variation in nitrate metabolism in biovars of Pseudomonas solanacearum . Journal of Applied Bacteriology 69; 269-280. U.K.
10. Ito, S., Y. Ushijima, T. Fujii, S. Tanaka, M. Kameya-Iwaki, S. Yoshiwara and F. Kishi. 1998. Detection of viable cells of Ralstonia solanacearum in soil using a semi-selective medium and a PCR technique. J. Phytopathology 146; 379-384. U.K.
11. Janse, J.D. (1988) A detection method for Pseudomonas solanacearum in symptomless potato tubers and some data on its sensitivity and specificity. Bulletin OEPP/EPPO Bulletin 18, 343-351. U.K.
12. Janse, J.D. 1991. Infra- and intra-specific classification of Pseudomonas solanacaerum strains using whole cell fatty-acid analysis. Systematic and Applied Microbiology 14; 335-345. U.K.
13. Kelman, A. 1954. The relationship of pathogenicity of Pseudomonas solanacearum to colony appearance on a tetrazolium medium. Phytopathology 44; 693-695. U.K.
14. Klement Z.; Rudolph, K and D.C. Sands, 1990. Methods in Phytobacteriology. Akadémiai Kiadó, Budapest, 568 pp. U.K.
15. Lelliott, R.A. and Stead, D.E. 1987. Methods for the diagnosis of bacterial diseases of plants. Blackwell scientific Publications Ltd., Oxford. 216 pp. U.K.
16. Lopez, M.M., Gorris, M.T., Llop, P., Cubero, J., Vicedo, B., Cambra, M., 1997. Selective enrichment improves selective isolation, serological and molecular detection of plant pathogenic bacteria. In: H.W. Dehne et al. , (eds). Klewer Academic Publishers. pp. 117-121. U.K.
17. Louws, F.J., Fulbright, D.W., Stephens, C.T. and De Bruijn, F.J., 1994. Specific genomic fingerprints of phytopathogenic Xanthomonas and Pseudomonas pathovars and strains generated with repetitive sequences and PCR. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 60, 2286-2295. U.K.
18. Louws, F.J., Fulbright, D.W., Stephens, C.T. and De Bruijn, F.J. 1995. Differentiation of genomic structure by rep-PCR fingerprinting to rapidly classify Xanthomonas campestris pv. vesicatoria . Phytopathology 85; 528-536. U.K.
19. Opina, N., F. Tavner, G. Holloway, J.-F Wang, T.-H Li, R. Maghirang, M. Fegan, A.C. Hayward, V. Krishnapillai, W.F. Hong, B.W. Holloway, J.N. Timmis. 1997. A novel method for development of species and strain-specific DNA probes and PCR primers for identifying Burkholderia solanacearum (formerly Pseudomonas solanacearum ). As Pac. J. Mol. Biol. Biotechnol. 5; 19-33. U.K.
20. Pastrik, K.H. and Maiss, E. 2000. Detection of R. solanacearum in potato tubers by polymerase chain reaction. J. Phytopathology 148; 619-626. U.K.
21. Pastrik, K.H., Elphinstone, J.G. and Pukall, R. 2002. Sequence analysis and detection of Ralstonia solanacearum by multiplex PCR amplification of 16S-23S ribosomal intergenic spacer region with internal positive control. European Journal of Plant Pathology 108, 831-842. U.K.
22. Robinson-Smith, A., Jones, P., Elphinstone, J.G. and Forde, S.M.D. (1995) Production of antibodies to Pseudomonas solanacearum , the causative agent of bacterial wilt. Food and Agricultural Immunology 7, 67-79. U.K.
23. Schaad, W. 2001. Laboratory guide for identification of plant pathogenic bacteria. Schaad [Hrsg.]. - 3. ed.; St. Paul, Minnesota: 373 pp. U.K.
24. Seal, S.E., L.A. Jackson, J.P.W. Young, and M.J. Daniels. 1993. Detection of Pseudomonas solanacearum, Pseudomonas syzygii, Pseudomonas pickettii and Blood Disease Bacterium by partial 16S rRNA sequencing: construction of oligonucleotide primers for sensitive detection by polymerase chain reaction. J. Gen. Microbiol. 139: 1587-1594. U.K.
25. Smith, J.J., Offord, L.C., Holderness, M. and Saddler, G.S. 1995. Genetic diversity of Burkholderia solanacearum (synonym Pseudomonas solanacearum ) race 3 in Kenya. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 61; 4262-4268. U.K.
26. Stead, D.E. 1992. Grouping of plant pathogenic and some other Pseudomonas spp. using cellular fatty-acid profiles. International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology 42; 281-295. U.K.
27. Taghavi, M., Hayward, A.C., Sly, L.I., Fegan, M. 1996. Analysiss of the phylogenetic relationships of strains of Burkholderia solanacearum, Pseudomonas syzygii , and the blood disease bacterium of banana based on 16S rRNA gene sequences. International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology 46; 10-15. U.K.
28. Van Der Wolf, J.M., Bonants, P.J.M., Smith, J.J., Hagenaar, M., Nijhuis, E., Van Beckhoven, J.R.C., Saddler, G.S., Trigalet, A., Feuillade, R. 1998. Genetic diversity of Ralstonia solanacearum Race 3 in Western Europe as determined by AFLP, RC-PFGE and rep-PCR. In: Prior, P., Allen, C. and Elphinstone, J. (eds.) Bacterial wilt disease: Molecular and Ecological Aspects. Springer (Berlin) pp. 44-49. U.K.
29. Weller, S.A., Elphinstone, J.G., Smith, N., Stead, D.E. and Boonham, N. 1999. Detection of Ralstonia solanacearum strains using an automated and quantitative flourogenic 5’ nuclease TaqMan assay. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 66; 2853-2858. U.K.
30. Wullings, B.A., A.R. van Beuningen, J.D. Janse and A.D.L. Akkermans. 1998. Detection of R.  solanacearum , which causes brown rot of potato, by fluorescent in situ hybridization with 23s rRNA-targeted probes. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 64: 4546-4554.] U.K.

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