Geneva Conventions Act 1957

1. Introductory Text

2. Punishment of offenders against conventions

   1. 1. Grave breaches of scheduled conventions.

   2. 1A. Trial and punishment of offences under s.1

3. Provisions as to certain legal proceedings

   1. 2. Notice of trial of protected persons to be served on protecting power, etc.

   2. 3. Legal representation of certain persons.

   3. 4. Appeals by protected persons.

   4. 5. Reduction of sentence and custody of protected persons.

4. Prevention of abuse of Red Cross and other emblems

   1. 6. Use of Red Cross and other emblems.

   2. 6A. Regulations.

5. General

   1. 7. Interpretation.

   2. 8. Short title and extent.

6. SCHEDULES

   1. FIRST SCHEDULE

      GENEVA CONVENTION FOR THE AMELIORATION OF THE CONDITION OF THE WOUNDED AND SICK IN ARMED FORCES IN THE FIELD

      1. Geneva, 12th August, 1949

      2. CHAPTER I.—GENERAL PROVISIONS

         1. ARTICLE 1

         2. ARTICLE 2

         3. ARTICLE 3

            1. 1. Persons taking no active part in the hostilities, including members...

            2. 2. The wounded and sick shall be collected and cared for....

         4. ARTICLE 4

         5. ARTICLE 5

         6. ARTICLE 6

         7. ARTICLE 7

         8. ARTICLE 8

         9. ARTICLE 9

         10. ARTICLE 10

         11. ARTICLE 11

      3. CHAPTER II.—WOUNDED AND SICK

         1. ARTICLE 12

         2. ARTICLE 13

            1. 1. Members of the armed forces of a Party to the...

            2. 2. Members of other militias and members of other volunteer corps,...

            3. 3. Members of regular armed forces who profess allegiance to a...

            4. 4. Persons who accompany the armed forces without actually being members...

            5. 5. Members of crews including masters, pilots and apprentices, of the...

            6. 6. Inhabitants of a non-occupied territory who on the approach of...

         3. ARTICLE 14

         4. ARTICLE 15

         5. ARTICLE 16

         6. ARTICLE 17

         7. ARTICLE 18

      4. CHAPTER III.—MEDICAL UNITS AND ESTABLISHMENTS

         1. ARTICLE 19

         2. ARTICLE 20

         3. ARTICLE 21

         4. ARTICLE 22

            1. 1. That the personnel of the unit or establishment are armed,...

            2. 2. That in the absence of armed orderlies, the unit or...

            3. 3. That small arms and ammunition taken from the wounded and...

            4. 4. That personnel and material of the veterinary service are found...

            5. 5. That the humanitarian activities of medical units and establishments or...

         5. ARTICLE 23

      5. CHAPTER IV.—PERSONNEL

         1. ARTICLE 24

         2. ARTICLE 25

         3. ARTICLE 26

         4. ARTICLE 27

         5. ARTICLE 28

         6. ARTICLE 29

         7. ARTICLE 30

         8. ARTICLE 31

         9. ARTICLE 32

      6. CHAPTER V.—BUILDINGS AND MATERIAL

         1. ARTICLE 33

         2. ARTICLE 34

      7. CHAPTER VI.—MEDICAL TRANSPORTS

         1. ARTICLE 35

         2. ARTICLE 36

         3. ARTICLE 37

      8. CHAPTER VII.—THE DISTINCTIVE EMBLEM

         1. ARTICLE 38

         2. ARTICLE 39

         3. ARTICLE 40

         4. ARTICLE 41

         5. ARTICLE 42

         6. ARTICLE 43

         7. ARTICLE 44

      9. CHAPTER VIII.—EXECUTION OF THE CONVENTION

         1. ARTICLE 45

         2. ARTICLE 46

         3. ARTICLE 47

         4. ARTICLE 48

      10. CHAPTER IX.—REPRESSION OF ABUSES AND INFRACTIONS

          1. ARTICLE 49

          2. ARTICLE 50

          3. ARTICLE 51

          4. ARTICLE 52

          5. ARTICLE 53

          6. ARTICLE 54

      11. FINAL PROVISIONS

          1. ARTICLE 55

          2. ARTICLE 56

          3. ARTICLE 57

          4. ARTICLE 58

          5. ARTICLE 59

          6. ARTICLE 60

          7. ARTICLE 61

          8. ARTICLE 62

          9. ARTICLE 63

          10. ARTICLE 64

   2. SECOND SCHEDULE

      GENEVA CONVENTION FOR THE AMELIORATION OF THE CONDITION OF WOUNDED, SICK AND SHIPWRECKED MEMBERS OF ARMED FORCES AT SEA

      1. Geneva, 12th August, 1949

      2. CHAPTER I.—GENERAL PROVISIONS

         1. ARTICLE 1

         2. ARTICLE 2

         3. ARTICLE 3

            1. 1. Persons taking no active part in the hostilities, including members...

            2. 2. The wounded, sick and shipwrecked shall be collected and cared...

         4. ARTICLE 4

         5. ARTICLE 5

         6. ARTICLE 6

         7. ARTICLE 7

         8. ARTICLE 8

         9. ARTICLE 9

         10. ARTICLE 10

         11. ARTICLE 11

      3. CHAPTER II.—WOUNDED, SICK AND SHIPWRECKED

         1. ARTICLE 12

         2. ARTICLE 13

            1. 1. Members of the armed forces of a Party to the...

            2. 2. Members of other militias and members of other volunteer corps,...

            3. 3. Members of regular armed forces who profess allegiance to a...

            4. 4. Persons who accompany the armed forces without actually being members...

            5. 5. Members of crews, including masters, pilots and apprentices, of the...

            6. 6. Inhabitants of a non-occupied territory who, on the approach of...

         3. ARTICLE 14

         4. ARTICLE 15

         5. ARTICLE 16

         6. ARTICLE 17

         7. ARTICLE 18

         8. ARTICLE 19

         9. ARTICLE 20

         10. ARTICLE 21

      4. CHAPTER III.—HOSPITAL SHIPS

         1. ARTICLE 22

         2. ARTICLE 23

         3. ARTICLE 24

         4. ARTICLE 25

         5. ARTICLE 26

         6. ARTICLE 27

         7. ARTICLE 28

         8. ARTICLE 29

         9. ARTICLE 30

         10. ARTICLE 31

         11. ARTICLE 32

         12. ARTICLE 33

         13. ARTICLE 34

         14. ARTICLE 35

             1. 1. The fact that the crews of ships or sick-bays are...

             2. 2. The presence on board of apparatus exclusively intended to facilitate...

             3. 3. The discovery on board hospital ships or in sick-bays of...

             4. 4. The fact that the humanitarian activities of hospital ships and...

             5. 5. The transport of equipment and of personnel intended exclusively for...

      5. CHAPTER IV.—PERSONNEL

         1. ARTICLE 36

         2. Article 37

      6. CHAPTER V.—MEDICAL TRANSPORTS

         1. ARTICLE 38

         2. ARTICLE 39

         3. ARTICLE 40

      7. CHAPTER VI.—THE DISTINCTIVE EMBLEM

         1. ARTICLE 41

         2. ARTICLE 42

         3. ARTICLE 43

         4. ARTICLE 44

         5. ARTICLE 45

      8. CHAPTER VII.—EXECUTION OF THE CONVENTION

         1. ARTICLE 46

         2. ARTICLE 47

         3. ARTICLE 48

         4. ARTICLE 49

      9. CHAPTER VIII.—REPRESSION OF ABUSES AND INFRACTIONS

         1. ARTICLE 50

         2. ARTICLE 51

         3. ARTICLE 52

         4. ARTICLE 53

      10. FINAL PROVISIONS

          1. ARTICLE 54

          2. ARTICLE 55

          3. ARTICLE 56

          4. ARTICLE 57

          5. ARTICLE 58

          6. ARTICLE 59

          7. ARTICLE 60

          8. ARTICLE 61

          9. ARTICLE 62

          10. ARTICLE 63

   3. THIRD SCHEDULE

      GENEVA CONVENTION RELATIVE TO THE TREATMENT OF PRISONERS OF WAR

      1. Geneva, 12th August, 1949

      2. PART I.—GENERAL PROVISIONS

         1. ARTICLE 1

         2. ARTICLE 2

         3. ARTICLE 3

            1. 1. Persons taking no active part in the hostilities, including members...

            2. 2. The wounded and sick shall be collected and cared for....

         4. ARTICLE 4

            1. A. Prisoners of war, in the sense of the present Convention,...

            2. 1. Members of the armed forces of a Party to the...

            3. 2. Members of other militias and members of other volunteer corps,...

            4. 3. Members of regular armed forces who profess allegiance to a...

            5. 4. Persons who accompany the armed forces without actually being members...

            6. 5. Members of crews, including masters, pilots and apprentices of the...

            7. 6. Inhabitants of a non-occupied territory, who on the approach of...

            8. B. he following shall likewise be treated as prisoners of war...

            9. 1. Persons belonging, or having belonged, to the armed forces of...

            10. 2. The persons belonging to one of the categories enumerated in...

            11. C. This Article shall in no way affect the status of...

         5. ARTICLE 5

         6. ARTICLE 6

         7. ARTICLE 7

         8. ARTICLE 8

         9. ARTICLE 9

         10. ARTICLE 10

         11. ARTICLE 11

      3. PART II.—GENERAL PROTECTION OF PRISONERS OF WAR

         1. ARTICLE 12

         2. ARTICLE 13

         3. ARTICLE 14

         4. ARTICLE 15

         5. ARTICLE 16

      4. PART III.—CAPTIVITY

         1. SECTION 1.-BEGINNING OF CAPTIVITY

         2. Section II.—Internment of Prisoners of War

            1. Chapter I.—General Observations

            2. Chapter II.—Quarters, Food and Clothing of Prisoners of War

            3. Chapter III.—Hygiene and Medical Attention

            4. Chapter IV.—Medical Personnel and Chaplains Retained to Assist Prisoners of War

            5. Chapter V.—Religious, Intellectual and Physical Activities

            6. Chapter VI—Discipline

            7. Chapter VII.—Rank of Prisoner of War

            8. Chapter VIII.—Transfer of Prisoners of War after their arrival in camp

         3. Section III.—Labour of Prisoners of War

            1. ARTICLE 49

            2. ARTICLE 50

            3. ARTICLE 51

            4. ARTICLE 52

            5. ARTICLE 53

            6. ARTICLE 54

            7. ARTICLE 55

            8. ARTICLE 56

            9. ARTICLE 57

         4. Section IV.—Financial Resources of Prisoners of War

            1. ARTICLE 58

            2. ARTICLE 59

            3. ARTICLE 60

            4. ARTICLE 61

            5. ARTICLE 62

            6. ARTICLE 63

            7. ARTICLE 64

               1. 1. The amounts due to the prisoner or received by him...

               2. 2. The payments made to the prisoner in cash, or in...

            8. ARTICLE 65

            9. ARTICLE 66

            10. ARTICLE 67

            11. ARTICLE 68

         5. Section V.—Relations of Prisoners of War with the Exterior

            1. ARTICLE 69

            2. ARTICLE 70

            3. ARTICLE 71

            4. ARTICLE 72

            5. ARTICLE 73

            6. ARTICLE 74

            7. ARTICLE 75

            8. ARTICLE 76

            9. ARTICLE 77

         6. Section VI.—Relations between Prisoners of War and the Authorities

            1. Chapter I.—Complaints of Prisoners of War respecting the Conditions of Captivity

            2. Chapter II.—Prisoners of War Representatives

            3. Chapter III.—Penal and Disciplinary Sanctions

               1. 1. a fine which shall not exceed 50 per cent, of...

               2. 2. discontinuance or privileges granted over and above the treatment provided...

               3. 3. fatigue duties not exceeding two hours daily;

               4. 4. confinement. The punishment referred to under (3) shall not be...

               5. 1. he has joined the armed forces of the Power on...

               6. 2. he has left the territory under the control of the...

               7. 3. he has joined a ship flying the flag of the...

               8. 1. surname and first names of the prisoner of war, his...

               9. 2. place of internment or confinement;

               10. 3. specification of the charge or charges on which the prisoner...

               11. 4. designation of the court which will try the case, likewise...

               12. 1. the precise wording of the finding and sentence;

               13. 2. a summarised report of any preliminary investigation and of the...

               14. 3. notification, where applicable, of the establishment where the sentence will...

      5. PART IV.—TERMINATION OF CAPTIVITY

         1. Section I.—Direct Repatriation and Accommodation in Neutral Countries

            1. ARTICLE 109

            2. ARTICLE 110

               1. 1. incurably wounded and sick whose mental or physical fitness seems...

               2. 2. wounded and sick who, according to medical opinion, are not...

               3. 3. wounded and sick who have recovered, but whose mental or...

               4. 1. wounded and sick whose recovery may be expected within one...

               5. 2. prisoners of war whose mental or physical health, according to...

               6. 1. those whose state of health has deteriorated so as to...

               7. 2. those whose mental or physical powers remain, even after treatment,...

            3. ARTICLE 111

            4. ARTICLE 112

            5. ARTICLE 113

               1. 1. wounded and sick proposed by a physician or surgeon who...

               2. 2. wounded and sick proposed by their prisoners’ representative;

               3. 3. wounded and sick proposed by the Power on which they...

            6. ARTICLE 114

            7. ARTICLE 115

            8. ARTICLE 116

            9. ARTICLE 117

         2. Section II.—Release and Repatriation of Prisoners of War at the close of Hostilities

            1. ARTICLE 118

            2. ARTICLE 119

         3. Section III.—Death of Prisoners of War

            1. ARTICLE 120

            2. ARTICLE 121

      6. PART V.—INFORMATION BUREAUX AND RELIEF SOCIETIES FOR PRISONERS OF WAR

         1. ARTICLE 122

         2. ARTICLE 123

         3. ARTICLE 124

         4. ARTICLE 125

      7. PART VI.—EXECUTION OF THE CONVENTION

         1. Section 1.—General Provisions

            1. ARTICLE 126

            2. ARTICLE 127

            3. ARTICLE 128

            4. ARTICLE 129

            5. ARTICLE 130

            6. ARTICLE 131

            7. ARTICLE 132

         2. SECTION II.—Final Provisions

            1. ARTICLE 133

            2. ARTICLE 134

            3. ARTICLE 135

            4. ARTICLE 136

            5. ARTICLE 137

            6. ARTICLE 138

            7. ARTICLE 139

            8. ARTICLE 140

            9. ARTICLE 141

            10. ARTICLE 142

            11. ARTICLE 143

   4. FOURTH SCHEDULE

      GENEVA CONVENTION RELATIVE TO THE PROTECTION OF CIVILIAN PERSONS IN TIME OF WAR

      1. Geneva, 12th August, 1949

      2. PART I.—GENERAL PROVISIONS

         1. ARTICLE 1

         2. ARTICLE 2

         3. ARTICLE 3

            1. 1. Persons taking no active part in the hostilities, including members...

            2. 2. The wounded and sick shall be collected and cared for....

         4. ARTICLE 4

         5. ARTICLE 5

         6. ARTICLE 6

         7. ARTICLE 7

         8. ARTICLE 8

         9. ARTICLE 9

         10. ARTICLE 10

         11. ARTICLE 11

         12. ARTICLE 12

      3. PART II.—GENERAL PROTECTION OF POPULATIONS AGAINST CERTAIN CONSEQUENCES OF WAR

         1. ARTICLE 13

         2. ARTICLE 14

         3. ARTICLE 15

         4. ARTICLE 16

         5. ARTICLE 17

         6. ARTICLE 18

         7. ARTICLE 19

         8. ARTICLE 20

         9. ARTICLE 21

         10. ARTICLE 22

         11. ARTICLE 23

         12. ARTICLE 24

         13. ARTICLE 25

         14. ARTICLE 26

      4. PART III.—STATUS AND TREATMENT OF PROTECTED PERSONS

         1. Section I.—Provisions Common to the Territories of the Parties to the Conflict and to Occupied Territories

            1. ARTICLE 27

            2. ARTICLE 28

            3. ARTICLE 29

            4. ARTICLE 30

            5. ARTICLE 31

            6. ARTICLE 32

            7. ARTICLE 33

            8. ARTICLE 34

         2. Section II.—Aliens in the Territory of a Party to the Conflict

            1. ARTICLE 35

            2. ARTICLE 36

            3. ARTICLE 37

            4. ARTICLE 38

               1. 1. they shall be enabled to receive the individual or collective...

               2. 2. they shall, if their state of health so requires, receive...

               3. 3. they shall be allowed to practise their religion and to...

               4. 4. if they reside in an area particularly exposed to the...

               5. 5. children under fifteen years, pregnant women and mothers of children...

            5. ARTICLE 39

            6. ARTICLE 40

            7. ARTICLE 41

            8. ARTICLE 42

            9. ARTICLE 43

            10. ARTICLE 44

            11. ARTICLE 45

            12. ARTICLE 46

         3. Section III.—Occupied Territories

            1. ARTICLE 47

            2. ARTICLE 48

            3. ARTICLE 49

            4. ARTICLE 50

            5. ARTICLE 51

            6. ARTICLE 52

            7. ARTICLE 53

            8. ARTICLE 54

            9. ARTICLE 55

            10. ARTICLE 56

            11. ARTICLE 57

            12. ARTICLE 58

            13. ARTICLE 59

            14. ARTICLE 60

            15. ARTICLE 61

            16. ARTICLE 62

            17. ARTICLE 63

            18. ARTICLE 64

            19. ARTICLE 65

            20. ARTICLE 66

            21. ARTICLE 67

            22. ARTICLE 68

            23. ARTICLE 69

            24. ARTICLE 70

            25. ARTICLE 71

            26. ARTICLE 72

            27. ARTICLE 73

            28. ARTICLE 74

            29. ARTICLE 75

            30. ARTICLE 76

            31. ARTICLE 77

            32. ARTICLE 78

         4. Section IV.—Regulations for the Treatment of Internees

            1. Chapter I.—General Provisions

            2. Chapter II.—Places of Internment

            3. Chapter III.—Food and Clothing

            4. Chapter IV.—Hygiene and Medical Attention

            5. Chapter V.—Religious, Intellectual and Physical Activities

            6. Chapter VI.—Personal Property and Financial Resources

            7. Chapter VII.—Administration and Discipline

            8. Chapter VIII.—Relations with the Exterior

            9. Chapter IX.—Penal and Disciplinary Sanctions

               1. 1. a fine which shall not exceed 50 per cent. of...

               2. 2. discontinuance of privileges granted over and above the treatment provided...

               3. 3. fatigue duties, not exceeding two hours daily, in connexion with...

               4. 4. confinement. In no case shall disciplinary penalties be inhuman, brutal...

            10. Chapter X.—Transfers of Internees

            11. Chapter XI.—Deaths

            12. Chapter XII.—Release, Repatriation and Accommodation in Neutral Countries

         5. Section V.—Information Bureaux and Central Agency

      5. PART IV.—EXECUTION OF THE CONVENTION

         1. Section I.—General Provisions

            1. ARTICLE 142

            2. ARTICLE 143

            3. ARTICLE 144

            4. ARTICLE 145

            5. ARTICLE 146

            6. ARTICLE 147

            7. ARTICLE 148

            8. ARTICLE 149

         2. Section II.—Final Provisions

            1. ARTICLE 150

            2. ARTICLE 151

            3. ARTICLE 152

            4. ARTICLE 153

            5. ARTICLE 154

            6. ARTICLE 155

            7. ARTICLE 156

            8. ARTICLE 157

            9. ARTICLE 158

            10. ARTICLE 159

   5. FIFTH SCHEDULE

      PROTOCOL I

      1. Protocol Additional to the Geneva Conventions of 12 August 1949, and relating to the Protection of Victims of International Armed Conflicts (Protocol I)

         1. PREAMBLE

      2. PART I General Provisions

         1. Article 1— General principles and scope of application

            1. 1. The High Contracting Parties undertake to respect and to ensure...

            2. 2. In cases not covered by this Protocol or by other...

            3. 3. This Protocol, which supplements the Geneva Conventions of 12 August...

            4. 4. The situations referred to in the preceding paragraph include armed...

         2. Article 2— Definitions

         3. Article 3— Beginning and end of application

         4. Article 4— Legal status of the Parties to the conflict

         5. Article 5— Appointment of Protecting Powers and of their substitute

            1. 1. It is the duty of the Parties to a conflict...

            2. 2. From the beginning of a situation referred to in Article...

            3. 3. If a Protecting Power has not been designated or accepted...

            4. 4. If, despite the foregoing, there is no Protecting Power, the...

            5. 5. In accordance with Article 4, the designation and acceptance of...

            6. 6. The maintenance of diplomatic relations between Parties to the conflict...

            7. 7. Any subsequent mention in this Protocol of a Protecting Power...

         6. Article 6— Qualified persons

            1. 1. The High Contracting Parties shall, also in peacetime, endeavour, with...

            2. 2. The recruitment and training of such personnel are within domestic...

            3. 3. The International Committee of the Red Cross shall hold at...

            4. 4. The conditions governing the employment of such personnel outside the...

         7. Article 7— Meetings

      3. PART II Wounded, Sick and Shipwrecked

         1. SECTION I— GENERAL PROTECTION

         2. Article 8— Terminology

         3. Article 9— Field of application

            1. 1. This Part, the provisions of which are intended to ameliorate...

            2. 2. The relevant provisions of Articles 27 and 32 of the...

         4. Article 10— Protection and care

            1. 1. All the wounded, sick and shipwrecked, to whichever Party they...

            2. 2. In all circumstances they shall be treated humanely and shall...

         5. Article 11— Protection of persons

            1. 1. The physical or mental health and integrity of persons who...

            2. 2. It is, in particular, prohibited to carry out on such...

            3. 3. Exceptions to the prohibition in paragraph 2(c) may be made...

            4. 4. Any wilful act or omission which seriously endangers the physical...

            5. 5. The persons described in paragraph 1 have the right to...

            6. 6. Each Party to the conflict shall keep a medical record...

         6. Article 12— Protection of medical units

            1. 1. Medical units shall be respected and protected at all times...

            2. 2. Paragraph 1 shall apply to civilian medical units, provided that...

            3. 3. The Parties to the conflict are invited to notify each...

            4. 4. Under no circumstances shall medical units be used in an...

         7. Article 13— Discontinuance of protection of civilian medical units

            1. 1. The protection to which civilian medical units are entitled shall...

            2. 2. The following shall not be considered as acts harmful to...

         8. Article 14— Limitations on requisition of civilian medical units

            1. 1. The Occupying Power has the duty to ensure that the...

            2. 2. The Occupying Power shall not, therefore, requisition civilian medical units,...

            3. 3. Provided that the general rule in paragraph 2 continues to...

         9. Article 15— Protection of civilian medical and religious personnel

            1. 1. Civilian medical personnel shall be respected and protected.

            2. 2. If needed, all available help shall be afforded to civilian...

            3. 3. The Occupying Power shall afford civilian medical personnel in occupied...

            4. 4. Civilian medical personnel shall have access to any place where...

            5. 5. Civilian religious personnel shall be respected and protected. The provisions...

         10. Article 16— General protection of medical duties

             1. 1. Under no circumstances shall any person be punished for carrying...

             2. 2. Persons engaged in medical activities shall not be compelled to...

             3. 3. No person engaged in medical activities shall be compelled to...

         11. Article 17— Role of the civilian population and of aid societies

             1. 1. The civilian population shall respect the wounded, sick and shipwrecked,...

             2. 2. The Parties to the conflict may appeal to the civilian...

         12. Article 18— Identification

             1. 1. Each Party to the conflict shall endeavour to ensure that...

             2. 2. Each Party to the conflict shall also endeavour to adopt...

             3. 3. In occupied territory and in areas where fighting is taking...

             4. 4. With the consent of the competent authority, medical units and...

             5. 5. In addition to the distinctive emblem, a Party to the...

             6. 6. The application of the provisions of paragraphs 1 to 5...

             7. 7. This Article does not authorise any wider use of the...

             8. 8. The provisions of the Conventions and of this Protocol relating...

         13. Article 19— Neutral and other States not Parties to the conflict

         14. Article 20— Prohibition of reprisals

         15. SECTION II— MEDICAL TRANSPORTATION

         16. Article 21— Medical vehicles

         17. Article 22— Hospital ships and coastal rescue craft

             1. 1. The provisions of the Conventions relating to:

             2. 2. The protection provided by the Conventions to vessels described in...

             3. 3. Small craft described in Article 27 of the Second Convention...

         18. Article 23— Other medical ships and craft

             1. 1. Medical ships and craft other than those referred to in...

             2. 2. The ships and craft referred to in paragraph 1 shall...

             3. 3. The protection provided in paragraph 1 shall cease only under...

             4. 4. A Party to the conflict may notify any adverse Party...

             5. 5. The provisions of Article 37 of the Second Convention shall...

             6. 6. The provisions of the Second Convention shall apply to the...

         19. Article 24— Protection of medical aircraft

         20. Article 25— Medical aircraft in areas not controlled by an adverse Party

         21. Article 26— Medical aircraft in contact or similar zones

             1. 1. In and over those parts of the contact zone which...

             2. 2. “ Contact zone ” means any area on land where...

         22. Article 27— Medical aircraft in areas controlled by an adverse Party

             1. 1. The medical aircraft of a Party to the conflict shall...

             2. 2. A medical aircraft which flies over an area physically controlled...

         23. Article 28— Restrictions on operations of medical aircraft

             1. 1. The Parties to the conflict are prohibited from using their...

             2. 2. Medical aircraft shall not be used to collect or transmit...

             3. 3. Medical aircraft shall not carry any armament except small-arms and...

             4. 4. While carrying out the flights referred to in Articles 26...

         24. Article 29— Notifications and agreements concerning medical aircraft

             1. 1. Notifications under Article 25, or requests for prior agreement under...

             2. 2. A Party which receives a notification given under Article 25...

             3. 3. A Party which receives a request for prior agreement under...

             4. 4. The Parties shall take the necessary measures to ensure that...

             5. 5. The Parties shall also take the necessary measures to disseminate...

         25. Article 30— Landing and inspection of medical aircraft

             1. 1. Medical aircraft flying over areas which are physically controlled by...

             2. 2. If such an aircraft lands or alights on water, whether...

             3. 3. If the inspection discloses that the aircraft:

             4. 4. If the inspection discloses that the aircraft:

         26. Article 31— Neutral or other States not Parties to the conflict

             1. 1. Except by prior agreement, medical aircraft shall not fly over...

             2. 2. Should a medical aircraft, in the absence of an agreement...

             3. 3. If a medical aircraft, either by agreement or in the...

             4. 4. The wounded, sick and shipwrecked disembarked, otherwise than temporarily, from...

             5. 5. Neutral or other States not Parties to the conflict shall...

         27. SECTION III— MISSING AND DEAD PERSONS

         28. Article 32— General principle

         29. Article 33— Missing persons

             1. 1. As soon as circumstances permit, and at the latest from...

             2. 2. In order to facilitate the gathering of information pursuant to...

             3. 3. Information concerning persons reported missing pursuant to paragraph 1 and...

             4. 4. The Parties to the conflict shall endeavour to agree on...

         30. Article 34— Remains of deceased

             1. 1. The remains of persons who have died for reasons related...

             2. 2. As soon as circumstances and the relations between the adverse...

             3. 3. In the absence of the agreements provided for in paragraph...

             4. 4. A High Contracting Party in whose territory the gravesites referred...

      4. PART III Methods and Means of Warfare Combatant and Prisoner-of-War Status

         1. SECTION I— METHODS AND MEANS OF WARFARE

         2. Article 35— Basic rules

            1. 1. In any armed conflict, the right of the Parties to...

            2. 2. It is prohibited to employ weapons, projectiles and material and...

            3. 3. It is prohibited to employ methods or means of warfare...

         3. Article 36— New weapons

         4. Article 37— Prohibition of perfidy

            1. 1. It is prohibited to kill, injure or capture an adversary...

            2. 2. Ruses of war are not prohibited. Such ruses are acts...

         5. Article 38— Recognised emblems

            1. 1. It is prohibited to make improper use of the distinctive...

            2. 2. It is prohibited to make use of the distinctive emblem...

         6. Article 39— Emblems of nationality

            1. 1. It is prohibited to make use in an armed conflict...

            2. 2. It is prohibited to make use of the flags or...

            3. 3. Nothing in this Article or in Article 37, paragraph 1(d),...

         7. Article 40— Quarter

         8. Article 41— Safeguard of an enemy hors de combat

            1. 1. A person who is recognised or who, in the circumstances,...

            2. 2. A person is hors de combat if:

            3. 3. When persons entitled to protection as prisoners of war have...

         9. Article 42— Occupants of aircraft

            1. 1. No person parachuting from an aircraft in distress shall be...

            2. 2. Upon reaching the ground in territory controlled by an adverse...

            3. 3. Airborne troops are not protected by this Article.

         10. SECTION II— COMBATANT AND PRISONER-OF-WAR STATUS

         11. Article 43— Armed forces

             1. 1. The armed forces of a Party to a conflict consist...

             2. 2. Members of the armed forces of a Party to a...

             3. 3. Whenever a Party to a conflict incorporates a paramilitary or...

         12. Article 44— Combatants and prisoners of war

             1. 1. Any combatant, as defined in Article 43, who falls into...

             2. 2. While all combatants are obliged to comply with the rules...

             3. 3. In order to promote the protection of the civilian population...

             4. 4. A combatant who falls into the power of an adverse...

             5. 5. Any combatant who falls into the power of an adverse...

             6. 6. This Article is without prejudice to the right of any...

             7. 7. This Article is not intended to change the generally accepted...

             8. 8. In addition to the categories of persons mentioned in Article...

         13. Article 45— Protection of persons who have taken part in hostilities

             1. 1. A person who takes part in hostilities and falls into...

             2. 2. If a person who has fallen into the power of...

             3. 3. Any person who has taken part in hostilities, who is...

         14. Article 46— Spies

             1. 1. Notwithstanding any other provision of the Conventions or of this...

             2. 2. A member of the armed forces of a Party to...

             3. 3. A member of the armed forces of a Party to...

             4. 4. A member of the armed forces of a Party to...

         15. Article 47— Mercenaries

             1. 1. A mercenary shall not have the right to be a...

             2. 2. A mercenary is any person who: (a) is specially recruited...

      5. PART IV Civilian Population

         1. SECTION I— GENERAL PROTECTION AGAINST EFFECTS OF HOSTILITIES

         2. CHAPTER I— BASIC RULE AND FIELD OF APPLICATION

         3. Article 48— Basic rule

         4. Article 49— Definition of attacks and scope of application

            1. 1. “ Attacks ” means acts of violence against the adversary,...

            2. 2. The provisions of this Protocol with respect to attacks apply...

            3. 3. The provisions of this Section apply to any land, air...

            4. 4. The provisions of this Section are additional to the rules...

         5. CHAPTER II— CIVILIANS AND CIVILIAN POPULATION

         6. Article 50— Definition of civilians and civilian population

            1. 1. A civilian is any person who does not belong to...

            2. 2. The civilian population comprises all persons who are civilians.

            3. 3. The presence within the civilian population of individuals who do...

         7. Article 51— Protection of the civilian population

            1. 1. The civilian population and individual civilians shall enjoy general protection...

            2. 2. The civilian population as such, as well as individual civilians,...

            3. 3. Civilians shall enjoy the protection afforded by this Section, unless...

            4. 4. Indiscriminate attacks are prohibited. Indiscriminate attacks are:

            5. 5. Among others, the following types of attacks are to be...

            6. 6. Attacks against the civilian population or civilians by way of...

            7. 7. The presence or movements of the civilian population or individual...

            8. 8. Any violation of these prohibitions shall not release the Parties...

         8. CHAPTER III— CIVILIAN OBJECTS

         9. Article 52— General protection of civilian objects

            1. 1. Civilian objects shall not be the object of attack or...

            2. 2. Attacks shall be limited strictly to military objectives. In so...

            3. 3. In case of doubt whether an object which is normally...

         10. Article 53— Protection of cultural objects and of places of worship

         11. Article 54— Protection of objects indispensable to the survival of the civilian population

             1. 1. Starvation of civilians as a method of warfare is prohibited....

             2. 2. It is prohibited to attack, destroy, remove or render useless...

             3. 3. The prohibitions in paragraph 2 shall not apply to such...

             4. 4. These objects shall not be made the object of reprisals....

             5. 5. In recognition of the vital requirements of any Party to...

         12. Article 55— Protection of the natural environment

             1. 1. Care shall be taken in warfare to protect the natural...

             2. 2. Attacks against the natural environment by way of reprisals are...

         13. Article 56— Protection of works and installations containing dangerous forces

             1. 1. Works or installations containing dangerous forces, namely dams, dykes and...

             2. 2. The special protection against attack provided by paragraph 1 shall...

             3. 3. In all cases, the civilian population and individual civilians shall...

             4. 4. It is prohibited to make any of the works, installations...

             5. 5. The Parties to the conflict shall endeavour to avoid locating...

             6. 6. The High Contracting Parties and the Parties to the conflict...

             7. 7. In order to facilitate the identification of the objects protected...

         14. CHAPTER IV— PRECAUTIONARY MEASURES

         15. Article 57— Precautions in attack

             1. 1. In the conduct of military operations, constant care shall be...

             2. 2. With respect to attacks, the following precautions shall be taken:...

             3. 3. When a choice is possible between several military objectives for...

             4. 4. In the conduct of military operations at sea or in...

             5. 5. No provision of this Article may be construed as authorising...

         16. Article 58— Precautions against the effects of attacks

         17. CHAPTER V— LOCALITIES AND ZONES UNDER SPECIAL PROTECTION

         18. Article 59— Non-defended localities

             1. 1. It is prohibited for the Parties to the conflict to...

             2. 2. The appropriate authorities of a Party to the conflict may...

             3. 3. The presence, in this locality, of persons specially protected under...

             4. 4. The declaration made under paragraph 2 shall be addressed to...

             5. 5. The Parties to the conflict may agree on the establishment...

             6. 6. The Party which is in control of a locality governed...

             7. 7. A locality loses its status as a non-defended locality when...

         19. Article 60— Demilitarised zones

             1. 1. It is prohibited for the Parties to the conflict to...

             2. 2. The agreement shall be an express agreement, may be concluded...

             3. 3. The subject of such an agreement shall normally be any...

             4. 4. The presence, in this zone, of persons specially protected under...

             5. 5. The Party which is in control of such a zone...

             6. 6. If the fighting draws near to a demilitarised zone, and...

             7. 7. If one of the Parties to the conflict commits a...

         20. CHAPTER VI— CIVIL DEFENCE

         21. Article 61— Definitions and scope

         22. Article 62— General protection

             1. 1. Civilian civil defence organisations and their personnel shall be respected...

             2. 2. The provisions of paragraph 1 shall also apply to civilians...

             3. 3. Buildings and mategriel used for civil defence purposes and shelters...

         23. Article 63— Civil defence in occupied territories

             1. 1. In occupied territories, civilian civil defence organisations shall receive from...

             2. 2. The Occupying Power shall not compel, coerce or induce civilian...

             3. 3. The Occupying Power may disarm civil defence personnel for reasons...

             4. 4. The Occupying Power shall neither divert from their proper use...

             5. 5. Provided that the general rule in paragraph 4 continues to...

             6. 6. The Occupying Power shall neither divert nor requisition shelters provided...

         24. Article 64— Civilian civil defence organisations of neutral or other States not Parties to the conflict and international co-ordinating organisations

             1. 1. Articles 62, 63, 65 and 66 shall also apply to...

             2. 2. The Parties to the conflict receiving the assistance referred to...

             3. 3. In occupied territories, the Occupying Power may only exclude or...

         25. Article 65— Cessation of protection

             1. 1. The protection to which civilian civil defence organisations, their personnel,...

             2. 2. The following shall not be considered as acts harmful to...

             3. 3. It shall also not be considered as an act harmful...

             4. 4. The formation of civilian civil defence organisations along military lines,...

         26. Article 66— Identification

             1. 1. Each Party to the conflict shall endeavour to ensure that...

             2. 2. Each Party to the conflict shall also endeavour to adopt...

             3. 3. In occupied territories and in areas where fighting is taking...

             4. 4. The international distinctive sign of civil defence is an equilateral...

             5. 5. In addition to the distinctive sign, Parties to the conflict...

             6. 6. The application of the provisions of paragraphs 1 to 4...

             7. 7. In time of peace, the sign described in paragraph 4...

             8. 8. The High Contracting Parties and the Parties to the conflict...

             9. 9. The identification of civil defence medical and religious personnel, medical...

         27. Article 67— Members of the armed forces and military units assigned to civil defence organisations

             1. 1. Members of the armed forces and military units assigned to...

             2. 2. Military personnel serving within civil defence organisations shall, if they...

             3. 3. The buildings and major items of equipment and transports of...

             4. 4. The mategriel and buildings of military units permanently assigned to...

         28. SECTION II— RELIEF IN FAVOUR OF THE CIVILIAN POPULATION

         29. Article 68— Field of application

         30. Article 69— Basic needs in occupied territories

             1. 1. In addition to the duties specified in Article 55 of...

             2. 2. Relief actions for the benefit of the civilian population of...

         31. Article 70— Relief actions

             1. 1. If the civilian population of any territory under the control...

             2. 2. The Parties to the conflict and each High Contracting Party...

             3. 3. The Parties to the conflict and each High Contracting Party...

             4. 4. The Parties to the conflict shall protect relief consignments and...

             5. 5. The Parties to the conflict and each High Contracting Party...

         32. Article 71— Personnel participating in relief actions

             1. 1. Where necessary, relief personnel may form part of the assistance...

             2. 2. Such personnel shall be respected and protected.

             3. 3. Each Party in receipt of relief consignments shall, to the...

             4. 4. Under no circumstances may relief personnel exceed the terms of...

         33. SECTION III— TREATMENT OF PERSONS IN THE POWER OF A PARTY TO THE CONFLICT

         34. CHAPTER I— FIELD OF APPLICATION AND PROTECTION OF PERSONS AND OBJECTS

         35. Article 72— Field of application

         36. Article 73— Refugees and stateless persons

         37. Article 74— Reunion of dispersed families

         38. Article 75— Fundamental guarantees

             1. 1. In so far as they are affected by a situation...

             2. 2. The following acts are and shall remain prohibited at any...

             3. 3. Any person arrested, detained or interned for actions related to...

             4. 4. No sentence may be passed and no penalty may be...

             5. 5. Women whose liberty has been restricted for reasons related to...

             6. 6. Persons who are arrested, detained or interned for reasons related...

             7. 7. In order to avoid any doubt concerning the prosecution and...

             8. 8. No provision of this Article may be construed as limiting...

         39. CHAPTER II— MEASURES IN FAVOUR OF WOMEN AND CHILDREN

         40. Article 76— Protection of women

             1. 1. Women shall be the object of special respect and shall...

             2. 2. Pregnant women and mothers having dependant infants who are arrested,...

             3. 3. To the maximum extent feasible, the Parties to the conflict...

         41. Article 77— Protection of children

             1. 1. Children shall be the object of special respect and shall...

             2. 2. The Parties to the conflict shall take all feasible measures...

             3. 3. If, in exceptional cases, despite the provisions of paragraph 2,...

             4. 4. If arrested, detained or interned for reasons related to the...

             5. 5. The death penalty for an offence related to the armed...

         42. Article 78— Evacuation of children

             1. 1. No Party to the conflict shall arrange for the evacuation...

             2. 2. Whenever an evacuation occurs pursuant to paragraph 1, each child’s...

             3. 3. With a view to facilitating the return to their families...

         43. CHAPTER III— JOURNALISTS

         44. Article 79— Measures of protection for journalists

             1. 1. Journalists engaged in dangerous professional missions in areas of armed...

             2. 2. They shall be protected as such under the Conventions and...

             3. 3. They may obtain an identity card similar to the model...

      6. PART V Execution of the Conventions and of this Protocol

         1. SECTION I— GENERAL PROVISIONS

         2. Article 80— Measures for execution

            1. 1. The High Contracting Parties and the Parties to the conflict...

            2. 2. The High Contracting Parties and the Parties to the conflict...

         3. Article 81— Activities of the Red Cross and other humanitarian organisations

            1. 1. The Parties to the conflict shall grant to the International...

            2. 2. The Parties to the conflict shall grant to their respective...

            3. 3. The High Contracting Parties and the Parties to the conflict...

            4. 4. The High Contracting Parties and the Parties to the conflict...

         4. Article 82— Legal advisers in armed forces

         5. Article 83— Dissemination

            1. 1. The High Contracting Parties undertake, in time of peace as...

            2. 2. Any military or civilian authorities who, in time of armed...

         6. Article 84— Rules of application

         7. SECTION II— REPRESSION OF BREACHES OF THE CONVENTIONS AND OF THIS PROTOCOL

         8. Article 85— Repression of breaches of this Protocol

            1. 1. The provisions of the Conventions relating to the repression of...

            2. 2. Acts described as grave breaches in the Conventions are grave...

            3. 3. In addition to the grave breaches defined in Article 11,...

            4. 4. In addition to the grave breaches defined in the preceding...

            5. 5. Without prejudice to the application of the Conventions and of...

         9. Article 86— Failure to act

            1. 1. The High Contracting Parties and the Parties to the conflict...

            2. 2. The fact that a breach of the Conventions or of...

         10. Article 87— Duty of commanders

             1. 1. The High Contracting Parties and the Parties to the conflict...

             2. 2. In order to prevent and suppress breaches, High Contracting Parties...

             3. 3. The High Contracting Parties and Parties to the conflict shall...

         11. Article 88— Mutual assistance in criminal matters

             1. 1. The High Contracting Parties shall afford one another the greatest...

             2. 2. Subject to the rights and obligations established in the Conventions...

             3. 3. The law of the High Contracting Party requested shall apply...

         12. Article 89— Co-operation

         13. Article 90— International Fact-Finding Commission

             1. 1. (a) An International Fact-Finding Commission (hereinafter referred to as “...

             2. 2. (a) The High Contracting Parties may at the time of...

             3. 3. (a) Unless otherwise agreed by the Parties concerned, all enquiries...

             4. 4. (a) The Chamber set up under paragraph 3 to undertake...

             5. 5. (a) The Commission shall submit to the Parties a report...

             6. 6. The Commission shall establish its own rules, including rules for...

             7. 7. The administrative expenses of the Commission shall be met by...

         14. Article 91— Responsibility

      7. PART VI Final Provisions

         1. Article 92— Signature

         2. Article 93— Ratification

         3. Article 94— Accession

         4. Article 95— Entry into force

            1. 1. This Protocol shall enter into force six months after two...

            2. 2. For each Party to the Conventions thereafter ratifying or acceding...

         5. Article 96— Treaty relations upon entry into force of this Protocol

            1. 1. When the Parties to the Conventions are also Parties to...

            2. 2. When one of the Parties to the conflict is not...

            3. 3. The authority representing a people engaged against a High Contracting...

         6. Article 97— Amendment

            1. 1. Any High Contracting Party may propose amendments to this Protocol....

            2. 2. The depositary shall invite to that conference all the High...

         7. Article 98— Revision of Annex I

            1. 1. Not later than four years after the entry into force...

            2. 2. The depositary shall convene a conference of the High Contracting...

            3. 3. Amendments to Annex I may be adopted at such a...

            4. 4. The depositary shall communicate any amendment so adopted to the...

            5. 5. An amendment considered to have been accepted in accordance with...

            6. 6. The depositary shall notify the High Contracting Parties and the...

         8. Article 99— Denunciation

            1. 1. In case a High Contracting Party should denounce this Protocol,...

            2. 2. The denunciation shall be notified in writing to the depositary,...

            3. 3. The denunciation shall have effect only in respect of the...

            4. 4. Any denunciation under paragraph 1 shall not affect the obligations...

         9. Article 100— Notifications

         10. Article 101— Registration

             1. 1. After its entry into force, this Protocol shall be transmitted...

             2. 2. The depositary shall also inform the Secretariat of the United...

         11. Article 102— Authentic texts

             1. ANNEX I

             2. REGULATIONS CONCERNING IDENTIFICATION

         12. Article 1— General provisions

             1. 1. The regulations concerning identification in this Annex implement the relevant...

             2. 2. These rules do not in and of themselves establish the...

             3. 3. The competent authorities may, subject to the relevant provisions of...

             4. 4. The High Contracting Parties and in particular the Parties to...

         13. CHAPTER I— IDENTITY CARDS

         14. Article 2— Identity card for permanent civilian medical and religious personnel

             1. 1. The identity card for permanent civilian medical and religious personnel...

             2. 2. The identity card shall be uniform throughout the territory of...

             3. 3. In no circumstances may permanent civilian medical and religious personnel...

         15. Article 3— Identity card for temporary civilian medical and religious personnel

             1. 1. The identity card for temporary civilian medical and religious personnel...

             2. 2. When circumstances preclude the provision to temporary civilian medical and...

         16. CHAPTER II— THE DISTINCTIVE EMBLEM

         17. Article 4— Shape

         18. Article 5— Use

             1. 1. The distinctive emblem shall, whenever possible, be displayed on a...

             2. 2. At night or when visibility is reduced, the distinctive emblem...

             3. 3. The distinctive emblem may be made of materials which make...

             4. 4. Medical and religious personnel carrying out their duties in the...

         19. CHAPTER III— DISTINCTIVE SIGNALS

         20. Article 6— Use

             1. 1. All distinctive signals specified in this Chapter may be used...

             2. 2. These signals, at the exclusive disposal of medical units and...

             3. 3. In the absence of a special agreement between the Parties...

             4. 4. Temporary medical aircraft which cannot, either for lack of time...

         21. Article 7— Light signal

             1. 1. The light signal, consisting of a flashing blue light as...

             2. 2. In accordance with the provisions of Chapter XIV, para. 4...

             3. 3. Medical vehicles should exhibit one or more flashing blue lights...

             4. 4. The recommended blue colour is obtained when its chromaticity is...

         22. Article 8— Radio signal

             1. 1. The radio signal shall consist of the urgency signal and...

             2. 2. The radio message preceded by the urgency and distinctive signals...

             3. 3. In order to facilitate the communications referred to in paragraphs...

         23. Article 9— Electronic identification

             1. 1. The Secondary Surveillance Radar (SSR) system, as specified in Annex...

             2. 2. Protected medical transports may, for their identification and location, use...

             3. 3. It should be possible for medical transports to be identified...

             4. 4. Parties to a conflict may, by special agreement between them,...

         24. CHAPTER IV— COMMUNICATIONS

         25. Article 10— Radiocommunications

             1. 1. The urgency signal and the distinctive signal provided for in...

             2. 2. The medical transports referred to in Articles 40 (Section II,...

         26. Article 11— Use of international codes

         27. Article 12— Other means of communication

         28. Article 13— Flight plans

         29. Article 14— Signals and procedures for the interception of medical aircraft.

         30. CHAPTER V— CIVIL DEFENCE

         31. Article 15— Identity card

             1. 1. The identity card of the civil defence personnel provided for...

             2. 2. The identity card for civil defence personnel may follow the...

             3. 3. If civil defence personnel are permitted to carry light individual...

             4. 3. If civil defence personnel are permitted to carry light individual...

         32. Article 16— International distinctive sign

             1. 1. The international distinctive sign of civil defence provided for in...

             2. 2. It is recommended that: (a) if the blue triangle is...

             3. 3. The international distinctive sign shall be as large as appropriate...

         33. CHAPTER VI— WORKS AND INSTALLATIONS CONTAINING DANGEROUS FORCES

         34. Article 17— International special sign

             1. 1. The international special sign for works and installations containing dangerous...

             2. 2. The sign shall be as large as appropriate under the...

             3. 3. On a flag, the distance between the outer limits of...

             4. 4. At night or when visibility is reduced, the sign may...

         35. ANNEX II Identity Card for Journalists on Dangerous Professional Missions

   6. SIXTH SCHEDULE

      PROTOCOL II

      1. Protocol Additional to the Geneva Conventions of 12 August 1949, and relating to the Protection of Victims of Non-International Armed Conflicts (Protocol II)

      2. PART I Scope of this Protocol

         1. Article 1— Material field of application

            1. 1. This Protocol, which develops and supplements Article 3 common to...

            2. 2. This Protocol shall not apply to situations of internal disturbances...

         2. Article 2— Personal field of application

            1. 1. This Protocol shall be applied without any adverse distinction founded...

            2. 2. At the end of the armed conflict, all the persons...

         3. Article 3— Non-intervention

            1. 1. Nothing in this Protocol shall be invoked for the purpose...

            2. 2. Nothing in this Protocol shall be invoked as a justification...

      3. PART II Humane Treatment

         1. Article 4— Fundamental guarantees

            1. 1. All persons who do not take a direct part or...

            2. 2. Without prejudice to the generality of the foregoing, the following...

            3. 3. Children shall be provided with the care and aid they...

         2. Article 5— Persons whose liberty has been restricted

            1. 1. In addition to the provisions of Article 4, the following...

            2. 2. Those who are responsible for the internment or detention of...

            3. 3. Persons who are not covered by paragraph 1 but whose...

            4. 4. If it is decided to release persons deprived of their...

         3. Article 6— Penal prosecutions

            1. 1. This Article applies to the prosecution and punishment of criminal...

            2. 2. No sentence shall be passed and no penalty shall be...

            3. 3. A convicted person shall be advised on conviction of his...

            4. 4. The death penalty shall not be pronounced on persons who...

            5. 5. At the end of hostilities, the authorities in power shall...

      4. PART III Wounded, Sick and Shipwrecked

         1. Article 7— Protection and care

            1. 1. All the wounded, sick and shipwrecked, whether or not they...

            2. 2. In all circumstances they shall be treated humanely and shall...

         2. Article 8— Search

         3. Article 9— Protection of medical and religious personnel

            1. 1. Medical and religious personnel shall be respected and protected and...

            2. 2. In the performance of their duties medical personnel may not...

         4. Article 10— General protection of medical duties

            1. 1. Under no circumstances shall any person be punished for having...

            2. 2. Persons engaged in medical activities shall neither be compelled to...

            3. 3. The professional obligations of persons engaged in medical activities regarding...

            4. 4. Subject to national law, no person engaged in medical activities...

         5. Article 11— Protection of medical units and transports

            1. 1. Medical units and transports shall be respected and protected at...

            2. 2. The protection to which medical units and transports are entitled...

         6. Article 12— The distinctive emblem

      5. PART IV Civilian Population

         1. Article 13— Protection of the civilian population

            1. 1. The civilian population and individual civilians shall enjoy general protection...

            2. 2. The civilian population as such, as well as individual civilians,...

            3. 3. Civilians shall enjoy the protection afforded by this Part, unless...

         2. Article 14— Protection of objects indispensable to the survival of the civilian population

         3. Article 15— Protection of works and installations containing dangerous forces

         4. Article 16— Protection of cultural objects and of places of worship

         5. Article 17— Prohibition of forced movement of civilians

            1. 1. The displacement of the civilian population shall not be ordered...

            2. 2. Civilians shall not be compelled to leave their own territory...

         6. Article 18— Relief societies and relief actions

            1. 1. Relief societies located in the territory of the High Contracting...

            2. 2. If the civilian population is suffering undue hardship owing to...

      6. PART V Final Provisions

         1. Article 19— Dissemination

         2. Article 20— Signature

         3. Article 21— Ratification

         4. Article 22— Accession

         5. Article 23— Entry into force

            1. 1. This Protocol shall enter into force six months after two...

            2. 2. For each Party to the Conventions thereafter ratifying or acceding...

         6. Article 24— Amendment

            1. 1. Any High Contracting Party may propose amendments to this Protocol....

            2. 2. The depositary shall invite to that conference all the High...

         7. Article 25— Denunciation

            1. 1. In case a High Contracting Party should denounce this Protocol,...

            2. 2. The denunciation shall be notified in writing to the depositary,...

         8. Article 26— Notifications

         9. Article 27— Registration

            1. 1. After its entry into force, this Protocol shall be transmitted...

            2. 2. The depositary shall also inform the Secretariat of the United...

         10. Article 28— Authentic texts