Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2020/469Show full title

Appendix 1

Template for METAR

Key

M

=

inclusion mandatory;

C

=

inclusion conditional, dependent on meteorological conditions or method of observation;

O

=

inclusion optional.

Note 1: The ranges and resolutions for the numerical elements included in METAR are provided in a separate table following this template.

Note 2: The explanations for the abbreviations can be found in ICAO Document 8400 ‘Procedures for Air Navigation Services – Abbreviations and Codes (PANS-ABC)’.

a To be included if visibility or runway visual range is < 1 500 m; for up to a maximum of four runways.
b ‘Heavy’ used to indicate ‘tornado’ or ‘waterspout’; ‘moderate’ (no qualifier) to indicate ‘funnel cloud not reaching the ground’
Element	Detailed content	Template(s)					Examples
Identification of the type of report (M)	Type of report (M)	METAR, METAR COR					METAR METAR COR
Location indicator (M)	ICAO location indicator (M)	nnnn					YUDO
Time of the observation (M)	Day and actual time of the observation in UTC (M)	nnnnnnZ					221630Z
Identification of an automated or missing report (C)	Automated or missing report identifier (C)	AUTO or NIL					AUTO NIL
END OF METAR IF THE REPORT IS MISSING.
Surface wind (M)	Wind direction (M)	nnn		VRB			24004MPS VRB01MPS (24008KT) (VRB02KT) 19006MPS (19012KT) 00000MPS (00000KT) 140P49MPS (140P99KT)
	Wind speed (M)	[P]nn[n]
	Significant speed variations (C)	G[P]nn[n]					12003G09MPS (12006G18KT) 24008G14MPS (24016G28KT)
	Units of measurement (M)	MPS (or KT)
	Significant directional variations (C)	nnnVnnn		—			02005MPS 350V070 (02010KT 350V070)
Visibility (M)	Prevailing or minimum visibility (M)	nnnn			C A V O K		0350 CAVOK 7000 9999 0800
	Minimum visibility and direction of the minimum visibility (C)	nnnn[N] or nnnn[NE] or nnnn[E] or nnnn[SE] or nnnn[S] or nnnn[SW] or nnnn[W] or nnnn[NW]					2000 1200NW 6000 2800E 6000 2800
Runway visual range (C)a	Name of the element (M)	R					R32/0400 R12R/1700 R16L/0650 R16C/0500 R16R/0450 R17L/0450
	Runway (M)	nn[L]/or nn[C]/or nn[R]/
	Runway visual range (M)	[P or M]nnnn					R14L/P2000 R10/M0050
	Runway visual range past tendency (C)	U, D or N					R12/1100U R26/0550N R20/0800D R12/0700
Present weather (C)	Intensity or proximity of present weather (C)	– or +	—	VC
	Characteristics and type of present weather (M)	DZ or RA or SN or SG or PL or DS or SS or FZDZ or FZRA or FZUP or FCb or SHGR or SHGS or SHRA or SHSN or SHUP or TSGR or TSGS or TSRA or TSSN or TSUP or UP	FG or BR or SA or DU or HZ or FU or VA or SQ or PO or TS or BCFG or BLDU or BLSA or BLSN or DRDU or DRSA or DRSN or FZFG or MIFG or PRFG or//	FG or PO or FC or DS or SS or TS or SH or BLSN or BLSA or BLDU or VA			RA HZ VCFG +TSRA FG VCSH +DZ VA VCTS –SN MIFG VCBLSA +TSRASN –SNRA DZ FG +SHSN BLSN UP FZUP TSUP FZUP //
Cloud (M)	Cloud amount and height of cloud base or vertical visibility (M)	FEWnnn or SCTnnn or BKNnnn or OVCnnn or FEW///or SCT///or BKN///or OVC///or ///nnn or //////	VVnnn or VV///	NSC or NCD			FEW015 VV005 OVC030 VV/// NSC SCT010 OVC020 BKN/// ///015
	Cloud type (C)	CB or TCU or///	—				BKN009TCU NCD SCT008 BKN025CB BKN025///
Air and dew-point temperature (M)	Air and dew-point temperature (M)	[M]nn/[M]nn					17/10 02/M08 M01/M10
Pressure values (M)	Name of the element (M)	Q					Q0995 Q1009 Q1022 Q0987
	QNH (M)	nnnn
Supplementary information (C)	Recent weather (C)	REFZDZ or REFZRA or REDZ or RE[SH]RA or RERASN or RE[SH]SN or RESG or RESHGR or RESHGS or REBLSN or RESS or REDS or RETSRA or RETSSN or RETSGR or RETSGS or RETS or REFC or REVA or REPL or REUP or REFZUP or RETSUP or RESHUP					REFZRA RETSRA
	Wind shear (C)	WS Rnn[L] or WS Rnn[C] or WS Rnn[R] or WS ALL RWY					WS R03 WS ALL RWY WS R18C
	Sea–surface temperature and state of the sea or significant wave height (C)	W[M]nn/Sn or W[M]nn/Hn[n][n]					W15/S2 W12/H75
Trend forecast (O)	Change indicator (M)	NOSIG	BECMG or TEMPO				NOSIG BECMG FEW020 TEMPO 25018G25MPS (TEMPO 25036G50KT) BECMG FM1030 TL1130 CAVOK BECMG TL1700 0800 FG BECMG AT1800 9000 NSW BECMG FM1900 0500 +SNRA BECMG FM1100 SN TEMPO FM1130 BLSN TEMPO FM0330 TL0430 FZRA
	Period of change (C)		FMnnnn and/or TLnnnn or ATnnnn
	Wind (C)		nnn[P]nn[n][G[P]nn[n]]MPS (or nnn[P]nn[G[P]nn]KT)
	Prevailing visibility (C)		nnnn			C A V O K
	Weather phenomenon: intensity (C)		– or +	—	N S W		TEMPO TL1200 0600 BECMG AT1200 8000 NSW NSC
	Weather phenomenon: characteristics and type (C)		DZ or RA or SN or SG or PL or DS or SS or FZDZ or FZRA or SHGR or SHGS or SHRA or SHSN or TSGR or TSGS or TSRA or TSSN	FG or BR or SA or DU or HZ or FU or VA or SQ or PO or FC or TS or BCFG or BLDU or BLSA or BLSN or DRDU or DRSA or DRSN or FZFG or MIFG or PRFG			BECMG AT1130 OVC010 TEMPO TL1530 +SHRA BKN012CB
	Cloud amount and height of cloud base or vertical visibility (C)		FEWnnn or SCTnnn or BKNnnn or OVCnnn	VVnnn or VV///	N S C
	Cloud type (C)		CB or TCU	—

Ranges and resolutions for the numerical elements included in METAR

a There is no aeronautical requirement to report surface wind speeds of 100 kt (50 m/s) or more; however, provision has been made for reporting wind speeds up to 199 kt (99 m/s) for non-aeronautical purposes, as necessary.;
Elements		Range	Resolution
Runway: (no units)		01–36	1
Wind direction:	°true	000–360	10
Wind speed:	MPS	00–99	1
	KT	00–199a	1
Visibility:	M	0000–0750	50
	M	0800–4 900	100
	M	5 000–9 000	1 000
	M	10 000–	0 (fixed value: 9 999)
Runway visual range:	M	0000–0375	25
	M	0400–0750	50
	M	0800–2 000	100
Vertical visibility:	30’s M (100’s FT)	000–020	1
Clouds: height of cloud base:	30’s M (100’s FT)	000–099 100-200	1 10
Air temperature; Dew-point temperature:	°C	–80 – +60	1
QNH:	hPa	0850–1 100	1
Sea–surface temperature:	°C	–10 – +40	1
State of the sea: (no units)		0–9	1
Significant wave height:	M	0–999	0,1
State of the runway	Runway designator: (no units)	01–36; 88; 99	1
	Runway deposits: (no units)	0–9	1
	Extent of runway contamination: (no units)	1; 2; 5; 9	—
	Depth of deposit: (no units)	00–90; 92–99	1
	Friction coefficient/braking action: (no units)	00–95; 99	1