The Bread and Flour (Wales) Regulations 2025

Regulation 3

SCHEDULE 1 Essential ingredients for flour derived from common wheat

Substances that must be added to flour derived from common wheat in specified proportions

1.  The substances listed in column 1 of Table 1 must be added to flour derived from common wheat in the proportions and in accordance with the other provisions specified in column 2.

Table 1

Column 1 Substance	Column 2 Quantity of the substance to be added and other provisions in relation to addition of those substances
Calcium carbonate;	(a) At least 300 mg/100 g flour.
	(b) Not more than 455 mg/100 g flour.
	(c) The substance must be added in the form of E 170 calcium carbonate conforming to the specification set out in Schedule 2 to these Regulations.
	(d) But the addition of calcium carbonate is not required to flour that is—
	(i) self-raising flour with a calcium content of 0.2% or more, or
	(ii) wheat malt flour.
Folic acid	(a) 0.25 mg/100 g flour.
	(b) The substance must be added in the form of pteroylmonoglutamic acid conforming to the criteria in the monograph for folic acid hydrate contained in the British Pharmacopoeia 2023 at page I-1110.

Substances that must be present in flour derived from common wheat at or above specified proportions

2.—(1) The substances listed in column 1 of Table 2 must be present in flour derived from common wheat in the proportions specified in column 2.

(2) Where the addition of substances is necessary in order to meet the required proportions specified in column 2 of Table 2, the substances must be added in accordance with the other provisions specified that column.

Table 2

Column 1 Substance	Column 2 Quantity of the substance that must be present in flour and other provisions in relation to addition of those substances
Iron	(a) At least 2.10 mg/100 g flour.
	(b) Any addition of the substance must be in the form of any of, or any combination of, the following—
	(i) ferric ammonium citrate conforming to the criteria in the monograph for ferric ammonium citrate contained in the British Pharmacopoeia 1973 at page 201;
	(ii) ferrous sulphate conforming to the criteria in the monograph for ferrous sulphate heptahydrate contained in the British Pharmacopoeia 2023 at page I-1037;
	(iii) dried ferrous sulphate conforming to the criteria in the monograph for dried ferrous sulphate contained in the British Pharmacopoeia 2023 at page I-1036;
	(iv) iron powder conforming to the specification contained in Schedule 3 to these Regulations.
>Niacin	(a) At least 2.40 mg/100 g flour.
	(b) Any addition of the substance must be in the form of either, or a combination of, the following—
	(i) nicotinic acid conforming to the criteria in the monograph for nicotinic acid contained in the British Pharmacopoeia 2023 at page II-404;
	(ii) nicotinamide conforming to the criteria in the monograph for nicotinamide contained in the British Pharmacopoeia 2023 at page II-399.
Thiamin (vitamin B 1)	(a) At least 0.24 mg/100 g flour.
	(b) Any addition of the substance must be in the form of thiamin hydrochloride conforming to the criteria in the monograph for thiamin hydrochloride contained in the British Pharmacopoeia 2023 at page II-1129.

Regulation 3 and Schedule 1

SCHEDULE 2 Specification for E 170 calcium carbonate

Specification for E 170 calcium carbonate for the purpose of Schedule 1, paragraph 1, Table 1

(1) European Inventory of Existing Commercial Chemical Substances, as published in OJ No C 146A, 15.6.1990, p.1.
(2) Sum of ethylene oxide and 2-chloroethanol expressed as ethylene oxide (i.e. ethylene oxide + (0.55 × 2-chloroethanol)).
Synonyms	CI Pigment White 18; Chalk
Definition	Calcium carbonate is the product obtained from ground limestone or by the precipitation of calcium ions with carbonate ions.
Colour Index No	77220
EINECS number(1)	Calcium carbonate: 207-439-9 Limestone: 215-279-6
Chemical name	Calcium carbonate
Chemical formula	CaCO3
Molecular weight	100.1 g/mol
Assay	Content ≥ 98% on the anhydrous basis
Description	White crystalline or amorphous, odourless and tasteless powder
Identification
Solubility	Practically insoluble in water and in alcohol. Dissolves with effervescence in diluted acetic acid, in diluted hydrochloric acid and in diluted nitric acid, and the resulting solutions, after boiling, give positive tests for calcium.
Purity
Loss on drying	≤ 2.0% (200°C, 4 hours)
Acid-insoluble substances	≤ 0.2%
Magnesium and alkali salt	≤ 1.0%
Fluoride	≤ 50 mg/kg
Antimony (Sb)	≤ 100mg/kg, singly or in combination
Copper (Cu)
Chromium (Cr)
Zinc (Zn)
Barium (Ba)
Arsenic (As)	≤ 3 mg/kg
Lead (Pb)	≤ 3 mg/kg
Cadmium (Cd)	≤ 3 mg/kg
Ethylene oxide(2)	Total residues of ethylene oxide, irrespective of origin, must not exceed 0.1 mg/kg

Regulation 3 and Schedule 1

SCHEDULE 3 Specification for iron powder

Specification for iron powder for the purpose of Schedule 1, paragraph 2, Table 2

(1) BS 410:1969 “Specification for test sieves”. Published by the British Standards Institution on 31 August 1971. Available at: https://knowledge.bsigroup.com.
Definition	Iron powder consisting essentially of finely-divided metallic iron containing at least 90% by weight of iron and conforming to the requirements of this Schedule.
Chemical name	Iron
Chemical formula	Fe
Assay	Accurately weigh 0.25 g of sample into a stoppered flask. Add a hot solution of 1.25 g of copper sulphate pentahydrate in 20 ml of water and shake for 10 minutes. Filter rapidly and wash the filter with water; acidify the mixed filtrate and washings with sulphuric acid, and titrate with N/10 potassium permanganate. Each ml of N/10 potassium permanganate is equivalent to 0.005585 g of iron.
Description	Fine greyish-black powder of such granularity that not more than 0.1% by weight remains on a British Standard 410:1969 (1) wire sieve nominal aperture size 150 μm and not more than 5% by weight on a British Standard 410:1969 wire sieve nominal aperture size 53 μm.
Identification
Solubility	At least 95% of the iron content when determined by the following method. Accurately weigh 0.1 g of sample into a 750 ml conical flask. Add 450 ml 0.2% weight in weight hydrochloric acid previously warmed to 37°C. Stir continuously for 3 hours, maintaining the temperature at 37°C. Cool to room temperature and dilute to 500 ml with distilled water. Filter; determine the iron content of the filtrate by a suitable method. Calculate the total iron in solution as a percentage of the metallic iron content of the sample taken.