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There are currently no known outstanding effects for the Commission Implementing Decision of 28 February 2012 establishing the best available techniques (BAT) conclusions under Directive 2010/75/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council on industrial emissions for the manufacture of glass (notified under document C(2012) 865) (Text with EEA relevance) (2012/134/EU), Division 39..
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a A description of the techniques is given in Section 1.10.2. | |
Techniquea | Applicability |
---|---|
(i) Combustion modifications | |
(a)Reduction of air/fuel ratio | Applicable to air/fuel conventional furnaces. Full benefits are achieved at normal or complete furnace rebuild, when combined with optimum furnace design and geometry |
(b)Reduced combustion air temperature | Applicable only under installation-specific circumstances due to a lower furnace efficiency and higher fuel demand (i.e. use of recuperative furnaces in place of regenerative furnaces) |
(c)Staged combustion:(f) Air staging (g) Fuel staging | Fuel staging is applicable to most conventional air/fuel furnaces. Air staging has very limited applicability due to its technical complexity |
(d)Flue-gas recirculation | The applicability of this technique is limited to the use of special burners with automatic recirculation of the waste gas |
(e)Low-NOX burners | The technique is generally applicable. The achieved environmental benefits are generally lower for applications to cross-fired, gas-fired furnaces due to technical constraints and a lower degree of flexibility of the furnace. Full benefits are achieved at normal or complete furnace rebuild, when combined with optimum furnace design and geometry |
(f)Fuel choice | The applicability is limited by the constraints associated with the availability of different types of fuel, which may be impacted by the energy policy of the Member State |
(ii)Special furnace design | The applicability is limited to batch formulations that contain high levels of external cullet (> 70 %). The application requires a complete rebuild of the melting furnace. The shape of the furnace (long and narrow) may pose space restrictions |
(iii)Electric melting | Not applicable for large volume glass productions (> 300 tonnes/day). Not applicable for productions requiring large pull variations. The implementation requires a complete furnace rebuild |
(iv)Oxy-fuel melting | The maximum environmental benefits are achieved for applications at the time of a complete furnace rebuild |
BAT-AELs for NOX emissions from the melting furnace in the domestic glass sector
a A conversion factor of 2,5 × 10–3 has been applied for combustion modifications and special furnace designs and a conversion factor of 3 × 10–3 has been applied for electric melting (see Table 2). However, a case-by-case conversion factor may have to be applied for specific productions. | |||
b The achievable levels depend on the quality of the natural gas and oxygen available (nitrogen content). | |||
Parameter | BAT | BAT-AEL | |
---|---|---|---|
mg/Nm3 | kg/tonne melted glassa | ||
NOx expressed as NO2 | Combustion modifications, special furnace designs | < 500 – 1 000 | < 1,25 – 2,5 |
Electric melting | < 100 | < 0,3 | |
Oxy-fuel meltingb | Not applicable | < 0,5 – 1,5 |
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