Duty on companies
790D: Company’s duty to investigate and obtain information
402.Section 790D sets out a company’s duty to investigate and obtain information on registrable persons and RLEs.
403.A company must take reasonable steps to find out if there is anyone who is a registrable person or RLE in relation to it and identify them (subsection (1)), and must give notice to anyone whom it knows or has reasonable cause to believe to be a registrable person or RLE (subsection (2)). The duty in subsection (2) does not limit the company’s obligations under subsection (1).
404.In addition, a company may give notice to a person it knows or has reasonable cause to believe knows the identity of a registrable person, an RLE (whether registrable or non-registrable) or an entity that would be an RLE were it subject to its own disclosure requirements. A company may also give notice to a person likely to know someone who would know the identity of such persons. This is set out in subsections (5) and (6). A company may give notice to a person under subsections (2) and (5) simultaneously.
405.Subsection (5) is intended to provide the company with a means to obtain information on registrable persons and RLEs where it does not itself know their identity, including where there are entities in the ownership chain which are not RLEs but which might know the identity of a registrable person or RLE. For example, a company may know that a person (X) is acting on behalf of a PSC (P), but may not know any of P’s details. The company may serve notice on X in order to obtain information on P. ‘Knowing the identity of a person’ is defined in subsection (13).
406.A company may serve notice on a lawyer under subsection (5) to obtain information. It will be rare for information held by a lawyer about PSCs or RLEs to be subject to legal professional privilege. However, where that is the case the lawyer is not required to provide information to the company (subsection (12)).
407.Subsections (3) to (4) and (7) to (8) make provision in relation to the giving of notice. They stipulate the information that the notice must contain and must require from the recipient. For example, an individual receiving a notice under subsection (3) must state whether or not they are a registrable person and correct, complete or confirm the particulars included in the notice. “Particulars” is defined in subsection (13)(b). Further provision about the giving of notices may be made by regulations (subsection (9)).
408.As the company’s duty to obtain information under section 790D is on-going and continuous there is no defined period within which steps must be taken or notice given. Addressees must however respond to a notice within one month of the date of the notice (subsection (8)).
409.A company need not give notice if it already knows that a person is a registrable person or RLE and has all of the required information (subsection (11)). In respect of registrable persons, the information must have been provided by the individual or with their knowledge. If this is not the case, the company must give notice to that individual. This is to ensure that individuals are in all cases aware of their entry in the company’s PSC register. This is important, for example, in the event that the individual wants to apply for their information to be protected from disclosure (see Chapter 5) and to ensure that the individual knows to update the company should their personal details change.
790E: Company’s duty to keep information up-to-date
410.Section 790E requires a company to keep information in its PSC register up-to-date.
411.Subsections (2) and (5) require the company to give notice to registrable persons and RLEs as soon as reasonably practicable once the company knows or has reasonable cause to believe that a “relevant change” has occurred, a relevant change being ceasing to be a registrable person or RLE or a change in particulars (subsections (3) and (4)).
412.The notice must require the addressee to confirm whether the change has occurred and, if so, to state the date of the change and to correct, complete or confirm the particulars included in the notice (subsection (6)). As under section 790D, addressees must respond within one month from the date of the notice and further provision may be made by regulations in relation to the giving of such notices (subsection (7)).
413.A company need not give notice if it has already been informed of the relevant change. As under section 790D, information on registrable persons must have been provided by the individual or with their knowledge (otherwise the company must give notice to that individual).
790F: Failure by company to comply with information duties
414.It is an offence, triable either way, for a company to fail to take steps or give notice under sections 790D and 790E. The offence is committed by the company and every officer of the company in default (see section 1121 CA 2006), punishable by imprisonment or a fine.
