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Human Rights Act 1998

Changes to legislation:

Human Rights Act 1998 is up to date with all changes known to be in force on or before 10 November 2024. There are changes that may be brought into force at a future date. Help about Changes to Legislation

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Revised legislation carried on this site may not be fully up to date. Changes and effects are recorded by our editorial team in lists which can be found in the ‘Changes to Legislation’ area. Where those effects have yet to be applied to the text of the legislation by the editorial team they are also listed alongside the affected provisions when you open the content using the Table of Contents below.

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Changes and effects yet to be applied to :

  1. Introductory Text

  2. Introduction

    1. 1. The Convention Rights.

    2. 2.Interpretation of Convention rights.

  3. Legislation

    1. 3.Interpretation of legislation.

    2. 4. Declaration of incompatibility.

    3. 5. Right of Crown to intervene.

  4. Public authorities

    1. 6.Acts of public authorities.

    2. 7.Proceedings.

    3. 7A.Limitation: overseas armed forces proceedings

    4. 8.Judicial remedies.

    5. 9.Judicial acts.

  5. Remedial action

    1. 10. Power to take remedial action.

  6. Other rights and proceedings

    1. 11. Safeguard for existing human rights.

    2. 12. Freedom of expression.

    3. 13. Freedom of thought, conscience and religion.

  7. Derogations and reservations

    1. 14. Derogations.

    2. 15. Reservations.

    3. 16. Period for which designated derogations have effect.

    4. 17. Periodic review of designated reservations.

  8. Judges of the European Court of Human Rights

    1. 18. Appointment to European Court of Human Rights.

  9. Parliamentary procedure

    1. 19. Statements of compatibility.

  10. Supplemental

    1. 20. Orders etc. under this Act.

    2. 21. Interpretation, etc.

    3. 22. Short title, commencement, application and extent.

  11. SCHEDULES

    1. SCHEDULE 1

      The Articles

      1. PART I The Convention Rights and Freedoms

        1. Article 2 Right to life

          1. 1.Everyone’s right to life shall be protected by law. No...

          2. 2.Deprivation of life shall not be regarded as inflicted in...

        2. Article 3 Prohibition of torture

        3. Article 4 Prohibition of slavery and forced labour

          1. 1.No one shall be held in slavery or servitude.

          2. 2.No one shall be required to perform forced or compulsory...

          3. 3.For the purpose of this Article the term “forced or...

        4. Article 5 Right to liberty and security

          1. 1.Everyone has the right to liberty and security of person....

          2. 2.Everyone who is arrested shall be informed promptly, in a...

          3. 3.Everyone arrested or detained in accordance with the provisions of...

          4. 4.Everyone who is deprived of his liberty by arrest or...

          5. 5.Everyone who has been the victim of arrest or detention...

        5. Article 6 Right to a fair trial

          1. 1.In the determination of his civil rights and obligations or...

          2. 2.Everyone charged with a criminal offence shall be presumed innocent...

          3. 3.Everyone charged with a criminal offence has the following minimum...

        6. Article 7 No punishment without law

          1. 1.No one shall be held guilty of any criminal offence...

          2. 2.This Article shall not prejudice the trial and punishment of...

        7. Article 8 Right to respect for private and family life

          1. 1.Everyone has the right to respect for his private and...

          2. 2.There shall be no interference by a public authority with...

        8. Article 9 Freedom of thought, conscience and religion

          1. 1.Everyone has the right to freedom of thought, conscience and...

          2. 2.Freedom to manifest one’s religion or beliefs shall be subject...

        9. Article 10 Freedom of expression

          1. 1.Everyone has the right to freedom of expression. This right...

          2. 2.The exercise of these freedoms, since it carries with it...

        10. Article 11 Freedom of assembly and association

          1. 1.Everyone has the right to freedom of peaceful assembly and...

          2. 2.No restrictions shall be placed on the exercise of these...

        11. Article 12 Right to marry

        12. Article 14 Prohibition of discrimination

        13. Article 16 Restrictions on political activity of aliens

        14. Article 17 Prohibition of abuse of rights

        15. Article 18 Limitation on use of restrictions on rights

      2. Part II The First Protocol

        1. Article 1 Protection of property

        2. Article 2 Right to education

        3. Article 3 Right to free elections

      3. PART 3 ARTICLE 1 OF THE THIRTEENTH PROTOCOLAbolition of the death penalty

        1. The death penalty shall be abolished. No one shall be...

      4. Part III The Sixth Protocol

        1. Article 1 Abolition of the death penalty

        2. Article 2 Death penalty in time of war

    2. SCHEDULE 2

      Remedial Orders

      1. Orders

        1. 1.(1) A remedial order may— (a) contain such incidental, supplemental,...

      2. Procedure

        1. 2.No remedial order may be made unless—

      3. Orders laid in draft

        1. 3.(1) No draft may be laid under paragraph 2(a) unless—...

      4. Urgent cases

        1. 4.(1) If a remedial order (“the original order”) is made...

      5. Definitions

        1. 5.In this Schedule— “representations” means representations about a remedial order...

      6. Calculating periods

        1. 6.In calculating any period for the purposes of this Schedule,...

        2. 7.(1) This paragraph applies in relation to–

    3. SCHEDULE 3

      Derogation and Reservation

      1. PART I DEROGATION

        1. United Kingdom’s derogation from Article 5(1)

          1. The United Kingdom Permanent Representative to the Council of Europe...

          2. Public emergency in the United Kingdom

          3. The Anti-terrorism, Crime and Security Act 2001

          4. Domestic law powers of detention (other than under the Anti-terrorism, Crime and Security Act 2001)

          5. Article 5(1)(f) of the Convention

          6. Derogation under Article 15 of the Convention

      2. Part II Reservation

    4. SCHEDULE 4

      Judicial Pensions

      1. Duty to make orders about pensions

        1. 1.(1) The appropriate Minister must by order make provision with...

      2. Contributions

        1. 2.A pensions order may, in particular, make provision—

      3. Amendments of other enactments

        1. 3.A pensions order may amend any provision of, or made...

      4. Definitions

        1. 4.In this Schedule— “appropriate Minister” means— in relation to any...

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