Estate Agents Act 1979

11 Powers of entry and inspection. U.K.

[F1 (1) If a duly authorised officer of an enforcement authority (“an officer”) has reasonable cause to suspect—

(a) that an offence has been committed under this Act;

(b) that a person has failed to comply with an obligation imposed on him under any of sections 15 and 18 to 21A; or

(c) that a person has engaged in a practice mentioned in section 3(1)(d);

he may, in order to ascertain whether the offence has been committed, whether the person has failed to comply with the obligation or whether the person has engaged in the practice (as the case may be), exercise any power specified in subsection (1A).

(1A) The powers are—

(a) to enter any premises (other than premises used only as a dwelling);

(b) to require—

(i) any person carrying on, or employed in connection with, a business to produce any books or document relating to it, or

(ii) any person having control of any information relating to a business which is stored in any electronic form to produce the information in a form in which it can be taken away and in which it is visible and legible (or from which it can readily be produced in a visible and legible form);

(c) to take copies of, or of any entry in, any books or documents produced or provided in pursuance of a requirement imposed under paragraph (b).

(1B) An officer may seize and detain any books or documents which he has reason to believe may be required as evidence—

(a) in proceedings for an offence under this Act; or

(b) in proceedings under any of sections 3, 4, 6 or 7 relating to an allegation—

(i) that an offence has been committed under this Act;

(ii) that a person has failed to comply with an obligation imposed on him under any of sections 15 and 18 to 21A; or

(iii) that a person has engaged in a practice mentioned in section 3(1)(d).

(1C) If it is not reasonably practicable to exercise any power under subsection (1A)(c) to take a copy of, or of any entry in, a book or document, an officer may seize and detain the book or document for the purpose of inspecting it (or any entry in it).

(1D) A book or document which is seized in exercise of the power under subsection (1C) must be returned to the person from whom it was seized unless an officer has reason to believe that the book or document may be required as evidence in any proceedings mentioned in subsection (1B).

(1E) Any power conferred by subsection (1) to (1C) may be exercised at all reasonable hours.

(1F) An officer exercising any such power must, if required, produce his credentials.]

(2) An officer seizing books or documents in exercise of his powers under this section shall not do so without informing the person from whom he seizes them.

(3) If and so long as any books or documents which have been seized under this section are not required as evidence in connection with proceedings which have been begun for an offence under this Act, the enforcement authority by whose officer they were seized shall afford to the person to whom the books or documents belong and to any person authorised by him in writing reasonable facilities to inspect them and to take copies of or make extracts from them.

[F2 (4) An appropriate judicial officer may, by warrant under his hand, authorise an officer of an enforcement authority to enter any premises, by force if need be, if on sworn information in writing or, in Scotland, on evidence on oath the appropriate judicial officer—

(a) is satisfied that there is reasonable ground to believe that either of the conditions in subsection (4A) applies; and

(b) is also satisfied that at least one of the conditions in subsection (4B) applies.

(4A) The conditions in this subsection are—

(a) that any books or documents which a duly authorised officer has power to inspect under this section are on the premises and their inspection is likely to disclose evidence—

(i) that an offence has been committed under this Act;

(ii) that a person has failed to comply with an obligation imposed on him under any of sections 15 and 18 to 21A; or

(iii) that a person has engaged in a practice mentioned in section 3(1)(d);

(b) that an offence under this Act has been, is being or is about to be committed on the premises.

(4B) The conditions in this subsection are—

(a) that admission to the premises has been or is likely to be refused and that notice of intention to apply for a warrant under subsection (4) has been given to the occupier;

(b) that an application for admission, or the giving of such a notice of intention, would defeat the object of the entry;

(c) that the premises are unoccupied;

(d) that the occupier is temporarily absent and it might defeat the object of the entry to wait for his return.

(4C) A warrant issued under subsection (4) shall continue in force for a period of one month.

(4D) In subsection (4) “appropriate judicial officer” means—

(a) in England and Wales, a justice of the peace;

(b) in Scotland, the sheriff or a justice of the peace;

(c) in Northern Ireland, a lay magistrate.]

(5) An officer entering premises by virtue of this section may take such other persons and equipment with him as he thinks necessary, and on leaving premises entered by virtue of a warrant under subsection (4) above shall, if the premises are unoccupied or the occupier is temporarily absent, leave them as effectively secured against trespassers as he found them.

F3 (6) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

F4 (7) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(8) Nothing in this section shall be taken to require a person who has acted as [F5 a relevant lawyer ] for any person to produce a document containing a privileged communication made by or to him in that capacity or authorises the seizing of any such document in his possession.

[F6 (9) For the purposes of subsection (8) “relevant lawyer” means counsel, a solicitor or other legal representative communications with whom may be the subject of a claim to privilege.]

Textual Amendments

F1 S. 11(1)-(1F) substituted for s. 11(1) (1.10.2008) by Consumers, Estate Agents and Redress Act 2007 (c. 17), ss. 57(2), 66(2) (with s. 48(3)); S.I. 2008/905, art. 3(2), Sch. 2

F2 S. 11(4)-(4D) substituted for s. 11(4) (1.10.2008) by Consumers, Estate Agents and Redress Act 2007 (c. 17), ss. 57(3), 66(2) (with s. 48(3)); S.I. 2008/905, art. 3(2), Sch. 2

F3 S. 11(6) omitted (31.3.2014) by virtue of The Public Bodies (Abolition of the National Consumer Council and Transfer of the Office of Fair Trading’s Functions in relation to Estate Agents etc) Order 2014 (S.I. 2014/631), art. 1(5), Sch. 2 para. 1(6) (with Sch. 1 para. 28, 2 paras. 13-15)

F4 S. 11(7) omitted (31.3.2014) by virtue of The Public Bodies (Abolition of the National Consumer Council and Transfer of the Office of Fair Trading’s Functions in relation to Estate Agents etc) Order 2014 (S.I. 2014/631), art. 1(5), Sch. 2 para. 1(6) (with Sch. 1 para. 28, 2 paras. 13-15)

F5 Words in s. 11(8) substituted (1.1.2010) by Legal Services Act 2007 (c. 29), s. 211(2), Sch. 21 para. 41(a) (with ss. 29, 192, 193); S.I. 2009/3250, art. 2(h)

F6 S. 11(9) inserted (1.1.2010) by Legal Services Act 2007 (c. 29), s. 211(2), Sch. 21 para. 41(b) (with ss. 29, 192, 193); S.I. 2009/3250, art. 2(h)

Modifications etc. (not altering text)

C1 S. 11(3) applied (1.4.2003) by Criminal Justice and Police Act 2001 (c. 16), s. 138(2), Sch. 2 para. 5 (with s. 61); S.I. 2003/708, art. 2(k)

C2 S. 11(8) extended (E.W.) by Administration of Justice Act 1985 (c. 61, SIF 98), s. 34(2)(e)