Commission Delegated Regulation (EU) 2017/655Show full title

1. Introductory Text

2. Article 1. Subject matter

3. Article 2. Scope

4. Article 3. Procedures and requirements for monitoring of emissions of in-service engines

5. Article 3a. Transitional provisions

6. Article 4. Entry into force

7. Signature

8. 1. ANNEX

      1. 1. General requirements for in-service monitoring

         1. 1.1. For the purposes of this Annex ‘category of non-road mobile...

         2. 1.2. The manufacturer shall obtain access to engines installed in non-road...

         3. 1.3. Engines subject to in-service monitoring test shall:

         4. 1.4. The following engines shall be considered as non-eligible for in-service...

         5. 1.5. Engines where the collection of ECU data influences the non-road...

      2. 2. Plan for monitoring in-service engines

         1. 2.1. The manufacturer shall submit to the approval authority that has...

         2. 2.2. The initial plan shall include the criteria used for and...

         3. 2.3. Manufacturers shall submit to the approval authority an updated plan...

         4. 2.4. The approval authority shall approve the initial and subsequently updated...

         5. 2.5. Each initial or subsequently updated monitoring plan shall be approved...

         6. 2.6. Testing scheme

            1. 2.6.1. Testing scheme based on the Emission Durability Period (EDP)

               1. 2.6.1.1. Testing 9 engines with an accumulated service of less than...

               2. 2.6.1.2. Testing 9 engines with an accumulated service higher than b...

               3. 2.6.1.3. When the manufacturer cannot fulfil the requirement under point 2.6.1...

            2. 2.6.2. Testing scheme based on a 4 years' period

               1. 2.6.2.1. The test results of the first nine engines shall be...

               2. 2.6.2.2. When the manufacturer demonstrates to the approval authority that no...

               3. 2.6.2.3. Small volume manufacturers

            3. 2.6.3. The manufacturer may conduct more tests than those established by...

            4. 2.6.4. Multiple testing of the same engine to provide data for...

      3. 3. Test conditions

         1. 3.1. Operator

            1. 3.1.1. The non-road mobile machinery's operator performing the in-service monitoring test...

            2. 3.1.2. The manufacturer shall provide detailed explanations to the approval authority...

         2. 3.2. Non-road mobile machinery's operation

            1. 3.2.1. The test shall be performed during the complete (or partial)...

            2. 3.2.2. When the manufacturer demonstrates to the approval authority that it...

               1. 3.2.2.1. The representative test duty cycle shall be determined by the...

            3. 3.2.3. Regardless of whether the test is conducted during the actual...

         3. 3.3. Ambient conditions

         4. 3.4. Lubricating oil, fuel and reagent

            1. 3.4.1. The fuel shall be market fuel or reference fuel as...

            2. 3.4.2. To demonstrate compliance with point 3.4, the manufacturer shall take...

            3. 3.4.3. Reagent samples shall not be frozen.

         5. 3.5. Operating sequence

      4. 4. Data sampling methods

         1. 4.1. Continuous data sampling

            1. 4.1.1. A maximum of 3 minutes of data may be excluded...

         2. 4.2. Combined data sampling

            1. 4.2.1. Combined data sampling shall be used only when the test...

            2. 4.2.2. The following additional requirements shall be fulfilled when applying combined...

      5. 5. ECU data stream

         1. 5.1. The ECU shall provide data stream information to the measurement...

         2. 5.2. Conformity of information

            1. 5.2.1. The conformity of all the signals provided by the ECU...

            2. 5.2.2 Manufacturers shall check in accordance with the method set out...

      6. 6. Test procedures and data pre-processing and validation

         1. 6.1. In-service monitoring tests shall be conducted using PEMS in accordance...

         2. 6.2. Manufacturers shall comply with the test procedure set out in...

         3. 6.3. Manufacturers shall follow the procedures set out in Appendix 3...

         4. 6.4. Manufacturers shall follow the procedures set out in Appendix 4...

      7. 7. Test data availability

      8. 8. Calculations

      9. 9. Confirmatory test

         1. 9.1. Approval authorities may conduct a confirmatory in-service monitoring test in...

         2. 9.2. The confirmatory test shall be performed on the engine family/type...

      10. 10. Reporting procedures

          1. 10.1. Manufacturers shall draft a test report of the in-service monitoring...

          2. 10.2. Instantaneous measured data and instantaneous calculated data

             1. 10.2.1. Instantaneous measured data and instantaneous calculated data shall not be...

             2. 10.2.2. Instantaneous measured data and instantaneous calculated data shall include at...

          3. 10.3. Publicly available information

      11. Appendix 1

          1. Portable Emissions Measurement System

             1. 1. The PEMS shall include the following measurement instruments:

             2. 2. Measurement instruments requirements

                1. 2.1. Measurement Instruments shall meet the requirements on calibration and performance...

                   1. 2.1.2. Measurement instruments shall meet the specifications set out in Section...

                   2. 2.1.3. The analytical gases used for calibrating the measurement instruments shall...

                2. 2.2. Transfer line and sampling probe requirements

                   1. 2.2.1. The transfer line shall meet the requirements set out in...

                   2. 2.2.2. The sampling probe shall meet the requirements set out in...

      12. Appendix 2

          1. Test procedure for in-service monitoring with a PEMS

             1. 1. Test parameters

             2. 2. Minimum test duration

             3. 3. Preparation of the non-road mobile machinery

             4. 4. Installation of the PEMS

                1. 4.1. The installation of the PEMS shall not influence the non-road...

                2. 4.2. Electrical power supply

                   1. 4.2.1. When the manufacturer demonstrates to the approval authority that it...

                   2. 4.2.2. In this case, the peak power consumption of the PEMS...

                3. 4.3. Measurement instruments other than the EFM

                4. 4.4. EFM

                   1. 4.4.1. The EFM shall be attached to the non-road mobile machinery's...

                   2. 4.4.2. The EFM shall be placed after the non-road mobile machinery...

                5. 4.5. Transfer line and sampling probe

                   1. 4.5.1. If the length of the transfer line is changed, the...

                   2. 4.5.2. The transfer line and the sampling probe shall be installed...

                6. 4.6. Data logger

                7. 4.7. GPS (where applicable)

             5. 5. Pre-in-service monitoring test procedures

                1. 5.1. Ambient temperature measurement

                2. 5.2. Starting and stabilising the measurement instruments

                3. 5.3. Cleaning and heating the transfer line

                4. 5.4. Checking and calibrating the gas analysers

                5. 5.5. Cleaning the EFM

             6. 6. In-service monitoring test data logging

                1. 6.1. Before the in-service monitoring test

                2. 6.2. During the in-service monitoring test

                3. 6.3. After the in-service monitoring test

                4. 6.4. Valid measured data for gaseous pollutant emissions calculation

                   1. 6.4.1. In order to determine the duration of the take-off phase...

                   2. 6.4.2. Cold start data

             7. 7. Checking of gas analysers

                1. 7.1. Zero periodic verification during the operating sequence

                2. 7.2. Zero periodic correction during the in-service monitoring test

                3. 7.3. Drift verification after performing the test

                   1. 7.3.1. No later than 30 minutes after the in-service monitoring test...

                   2. 7.3.2. The zero, span and linearity checks of the gas analysers...

             8. 8. Engine malfunction

                1. 8.1. In the case that a malfunction occurs during an operating...

                2. 8.2. Any malfunction shall be corrected before any further in-service monitoring...

      13. Appendix 3

          1. Data pre-processing for gaseous pollutant emissions calculations

             1. 1. Definitions

                1. 1.2. For the purposes of this Appendix the following definitions shall...

             2. 2. Drift correction

                1. 2.1. Maximum drift allowed

                2. 2.2. Drift correction

             3. 3. Time alignment

                1. 3.1. Gas analysers data

                2. 3.2. Gas analysers and EFM data

                3. 3.3. PEMS and engine data

                4. 3.4. Procedure for improved time alignment of the PEMS data

             4. 4. Data consistency check

                1. 4.1. Gas analysers and EFM data

                2. 4.2. ECU torque data

                3. 4.3. Brake-Specific Fuel Consumption (BSFC)

                4. 4.4. Ambient pressure

                5. 4.5. The approval authority may consider the test void if it...

             5. 5. Dry-wet correction

             6. 6. NOx correction for humidity and temperature

      14. Appendix 4

          1. Algorithm for the determination of valid events during in-service monitoring...

             1. 1. General provisions

                1. 1.1. For the purposes of this Appendix ‘event’ means the data...

                2. 1.2. The methodology set out in this Appendix is based on...

                3. 1.3. Any event considered as a non-working event in accordance with...

                4. 1.4. Non-working events shall be categorised as short non-working events (≤ D2)...

             2. 2. Procedure to determine non-working events

                1. 2.1. The following events shall be considered as non-working events:

                2. 2.2. The following additional steps shall be conducted:

             3. 3. ‘Machine work’ marking algorithm

                1. 3.1. Step 1

                   1. 3.1.1. Define the working events and non-working events in accordance with...

                   2. 3.1.2. Calculate the duration of non-working events.

                   3. 3.1.3. Mark the non-working events shorter than D0 as working events...

                   4. 3.1.4. Calculate the duration of the remaining non-working events.

                2. 3.2. Step 2

                   1. 3.2.1. Merge working events shorter than D0 with the surrounding non-working...

                3. 3.3. Step 3

                   1. 3.3.1. Consider as non-working events those events after long (> D2)...

                4. 3.4. Step 4

                   1. 3.4.1. Include D1 minutes of non-working event at the end of...

             4. 4. Examples

                1. 4.1. Exclusions of non-working data at the end of Step 1...

                2. 4.2. Exclusions of non-working data at the end of Step 2...

                3. 4.3. Exclusions of non-working data at the end of Step 3...

                4. 4.4. End of Step 4 — Final

      15. Appendix 5

          1. Gaseous pollutant emissions calculations

             1. 1. Calculation of the instantaneous gaseous pollutant emissions

             2. 2. Determination of averaging windows' gaseous pollutant emissions and conformity factors...

                1. 2.1. Averaging window method

                   1. 2.1.1. Any data excluded, under the terms of Appendix 4, shall...

                   2. 2.1.2. The moving averaging window calculations shall be conducted with a...

                   3. 2.1.3. The mass of the gaseous pollutant emissions for each averaging...

                   4. 2.1.4. The calculations shall be conducted and presented for both procedures:...

                   5. 2.1.5. The reference work and reference CO 2 mass of an...

                2. 2.2. Work based method

                   1. 2.2.1. Calculations of the brake specific gaseous pollutant emissions

                   2. 2.2.2. Selection of valid averaging windows

                      1. 2.2.2.1. The test shall be considered void if the percentage of...

                   3. 2.2.3. Calculations of the conformity factors

                3. 2.3. CO2 mass based method

                   1. 2.3.1. Selection of valid averaging windows

                   2. 2.3.2. Calculations of the conformity factors

             3. 3. Rounding of gaseous pollutant emissions calculations

             4. 4. Gaseous pollutant emission results

      16. Appendix 6

          1. Conformity of the ECU torque signal

             1. 1. Maximum torque method

                1. 1.1. The maximum torque method consists on confirming that a point...

                2. 1.2. If a point on the reference maximum torque curve as...

                3. 1.3. The requirements set out in point 1.2 shall not be...

                4. 1.4. In this case, the manufacturer shall propose to the approval...

                5. 1.5. The manufacturer may propose to the approval authority, a more...

             2. 2. Impossibility to check the conformity of the ECU torque signal...

      17. Appendix 7

          1. ECU data stream information requirements

             1. 1. Data to be provided

                1. 1.1. The ECU shall provide at a minimum the measurement data...

                2. 1.2. Where either ambient pressure or ambient temperature are not measured...

                3. 1.3. Where exhaust mass flow is not measured directly, the engine...

             2. 2. Communication requirements

                1. 2.1. Access to data stream information

                   1. 2.1.1. Access to data stream information shall be provided in accordance...

                   2. 2.1.2. The ECU shall support the corresponding services of at least...

                   3. 2.1.3. Access to data stream information shall be possible by means...

                2. 2.2. CAN-based wired communication

                   1. 2.2.1. The communication speed on the wired data link shall be...

                   2. 2.2.2. The connection interface between the engine and the measurement instruments...

                3. 2.3 Documentation requirements

      18. Appendix 8

          1. Test report for in-service monitoring

             1. 1. Engine manufacturer information

                1. 1.1. Make (trade name(s) of manufacturer)

                2. 1.2. Company name and address of manufacturer

                3. 1.3. Name and address of manufacturer's authorised representative (if any)

                4. 1.4. Name(s) and address(es) of assembly/manufacture plant(s)

             2. 2. Engine information

                1. 2.1. Engine type/family designation

                2. 2.2. Category and sub-category of the engine type/engine family

                3. 2.3. Type approval number

                4. 2.4. Commercial name(s) (if applicable)

                5. 2.5. Engine identification number

                6. 2.6. Engine production year and month

                7. 2.7. Engine rebuilt

                8. 2.8. Engine total swept volume [cm 3 ]

                9. 2.9. Number of cylinders

                10. 2.10. Engine declared rated net power/rated speed [kW/rpm]

                11. 2.11. Engine maximum net power/power speed [kW/rpm]

                12. 2.12. Engine declared maximum torque/torque speed [kW/rpm]

                13. 2.13. Idle speed [rpm]

                14. 2.14. Manufacturer supplied full-load torque curve available (yes/no)

                15. 2.15. Manufacturer supplied full-load torque curve reference number

                16. 2.16. DeNOx system (e.g. EGR, SCR)

                17. 2.17. Type of catalytic converter

                18. 2.18. Type of particulate trap

                19. 2.19. After-treatment modified with respect to type approval (yes/no)

                20. 2.20. ECU information (Software calibration number)

             3. 3. Non-road mobile machinery information

                1. 3.1. Non-road mobile machinery owner

                2. 3.2. Category(ies) of non-road mobile machinery

                3. 3.3. Non-road mobile machinery manufacturer

                4. 3.4. Non-road mobile machinery identification number

                5. 3.5. Non-road mobile machinery registration number and country of registration (if...

                6. 3.6. Non-road mobile machinery commercial name(s) (if applicable)

                7. 3.7. Non-road mobile machinery production year and month

             4. 4. Engine/Non-road mobile machinery selection

                1. 4.1. Non-road mobile machinery or engine location method

                2. 4.2. Selection criteria for non-road mobile machinery, engines, in-service families

                3. 4.3. Location where the tested non-road mobile machinery normally operates

                4. 4.4. Operating hours at test start:

             5. 5. Portable emissions measurement system (PEMS)

                1. 5.1. PEMS power supply: external/sourced from non-road mobile machinery

                2. 5.2. Measurement instruments (PEMS) brand and type

                3. 5.3. Measurement instruments (PEMS) calibration date

                4. 5.4. Calculation software and version used (e.g. EMROAD 4.0)

                5. 5.5. Location of ambient conditions sensors

             6. 6. Test conditions

                1. 6.1. Date and time of test

                2. 6.2. Test duration [s]

                3. 6.3. Test Location

                4. 6.4. General weather and ambient conditions (e.g. temperature, humidity, altitude)

                   1. 6.4.1. Average ambient conditions (as calculated from the instantaneous measured data)...

                5. 6.5. Hours operated per non-road mobile machinery/engine

                6. 6.6. Detailed information on non-road mobile machinery's actual operation

                7. 6.7. Test fuel specifications

                8. 6.8. Lubrication oil specifications

                9. 6.9. Reagent specifications (if applicable)

                10. 6.10. Brief description of the work performed

             7. 7. Average concentration of gaseous pollutant emissions

                1. 7.1. Average HC concentration [ppm] [Not mandatory]

                2. 7.2. Average CO concentration [ppm] [Not mandatory]

                3. 7.3. Average NOx concentration [ppm] [Not mandatory]

                4. 7.4. Average CO2 concentration [ppm] [Not mandatory]

                5. 7.5. Average Exhaust mass flow [kg/h] [Not mandatory]

                6. 7.6. Average Exhaust temperature [°C] [Not mandatory]

             8. 8. Integrated mass of gaseous pollutant emissions

                1. 8.1. THC emissions [g]

                2. 8.2. CO emissions [g]

                3. 8.3. NOx emissions [g]

                4. 8.4. CO2 emissions [g]

             9. 9. Averaging window conformity factors (calculated in accordance with Appendices 2...

                1. 9.1. Work averaging window THC conformity factor [-]

                2. 9.2. Work averaging window CO conformity factor [-]

                3. 9.3. Work averaging window NOx conformity factor [-]

                4. 9.4. CO2 mass averaging window THC conformity factor [-]

                5. 9.5. CO2 mass averaging window CO conformity factor [-]

                6. 9.6. CO2 mass averaging window NOx conformity factor [-]

                7. 9.7. Work averaging window: minimum and maximum averaging window power [%]...

                8. 9.8. CO2 mass averaging window: minimum and maximum averaging window duration...

                9. 9.9. Work averaging window: percentage of valid averaging windows

                10. 9.10. CO2 mass averaging window: percentage of valid averaging windows

                11. 9.11. CO2 emissions

             10. 10. Averaging window conformity factors (calculated in accordance with Appendices 2,...

                 1. 10.1. Work averaging window THC conformity factor [-]

                 2. 10.2. Work averaging window CO conformity factor [-]

                 3. 10.3. Work averaging window NOx conformity factor [-]

                 4. 10.4. CO2 mass averaging window THC conformity factor [-]

                 5. 10.5. CO2 mass averaging window CO conformity factor [-]

                 6. 10.6. CO2 mass averaging window NOx conformity factor [-]

                 7. 10.7. Work averaging window: minimum and maximum averaging window power [%]...

                 8. 10.8. CO2 mass averaging window: minimum and maximum averaging window duration...

             11. 11. Test results verification

                 1. 11.1. THC analyser zero, span and audit results, pre and post...

                 2. 11.2. CO analyser zero, span and audit results, pre and post...

                 3. 11.3. NOx analyser zero-span and audit results, pre and post test...

                 4. 11.4. CO2 analyser zero, span and audit results, pre and post...

                 5. 11.5. Data consistency check results, according to Section 4 of Appendix...

             12. I-1. Instantaneous measured data

                 1. I-1.1. THC concentration [ppm]

                 2. I-1.2. CO concentration [ppm]

                 3. I-1.3. NOx concentration [ppm]

                 4. I-1.4. CO2 concentration [ppm]

                 5. I-1.5. Exhaust mass flow [kg/h]

                 6. I-1.6. Exhaust temperature [°C]

                 7. I-1.7. Ambient air temperature [°C]

                 8. I-1.8. Ambient pressure [kPa]

                 9. I-1.9. Ambient humidity [g/kg] [Not mandatory]

                 10. I-1.10. Engine torque [Nm]

                 11. I-1.11. Engine speed [rpm]

                 12. I-1.12. Engine fuel flow [g/s]

                 13. I-1.13. Engine coolant temperature [°C]

                 14. I-1.14. Non-road mobile machinery latitude [degree]

                 15. I-1.15. Non-road mobile machinery longitude [degree]

             13. I-2. Instantaneous calculated data

                 1. I-2.1. THC mass [g/s]

                 2. I-2.2. CO mass [g/s]

                 3. I-2.3. NOx mass [g/s]

                 4. I-2.4. CO2 mass [g/s]

                 5. I-2.5. THC cumulated mass [g]

                 6. I-2.6. CO cumulated mass [g]

                 7. I-2.7. NOx cumulated mass [g]

                 8. I-2.8. CO2 cumulated mass [g]

                 9. I-2.9. Calculated fuel rate[g/s]

                 10. I-2.10. Engine power [kW]

                 11. I-2.11. Engine work [kWh]

                 12. I-2.12. Work averaging window duration [s]

                 13. I-2.13. Work averaging window average engine power [%]

                 14. I-2.14. Work averaging window THC conformity factor [-]

                 15. I-2.15. Work averaging window CO conformity factor [-]

                 16. I-2.16. Work averaging window NOx conformity factor [-]

                 17. I-2.17. CO2 mass averaging window duration [s]

                 18. I-2.18. CO2 mass averaging window THC conformity factor [-]

                 19. I-2.19. CO2 mass averaging window CO conformity factor [-]

                 20. I-2.20. CO2 mass averaging window NOx conformity factor [-]