Regulation (EU) 2019/631 of the European Parliament and of the CouncilShow full title

[F1 PART A U.K. SPECIFIC EMISSIONS TARGETS FOR PASSENGER CARS

1. For the calendar year 2020, the specific emissions of CO₂ for each new passenger car shall, for the purposes of the calculations in this point and in point 2, be determined in accordance with the following formula: U.K.

Specific emissions of CO₂ = 95 + a · (M – M₀)

where:

M

=

Mass in running order of the vehicle in kilograms (kg)

M₀

=

1 379,88

a

=

0,0333

2. The specific emissions target for a manufacturer in 2020 shall be calculated as the average of the specific emissions of CO₂ determined according to point 1, of each new passenger car registered in that calendar year of which it is the manufacturer. U.K.

3. [F2 Subject to points 3a to 3c,] the specific emissions reference target for a manufacturer in 2021 shall be calculated as follows: U.K.

Textual Amendments

F2 Words in Annex 1 Pt. A point 3 inserted (26.11.2021) by The Road Vehicle Carbon Dioxide Emission Performance Standards (Cars and Vans) (Miscellaneous Amendments) Regulations 2021 (S.I. 2021/1242), regs. 1(2), 2(2)(a)

where:

WLTP_CO2

is the average specific emissions of CO₂ in 2020 determined in accordance with Annex XXI to Regulation (EU) 2017/1151 [F3 , as it had effect in EU law immediately before IP completion day,] and calculated in accordance with the second indent of Article 4(3) of this Regulation, without including CO₂ savings resulting from the application of Articles 5 and 11 of this Regulation;

NEDC_CO2

is the average specific emissions of CO₂ in 2020 determined in accordance with Implementing Regulation (EU) 2017/1153 [F4 , as it had effect in EU law immediately before IP completion day,] and calculated in accordance with the second indent of Article 4(3) of this Regulation, without including CO₂ savings resulting from the application of Articles 5 and 11 of this Regulation;

NEDC_2020target

is the 2020 specific emissions target calculated in accordance with points 1 and 2.

Textual Amendments

F3 Words in Annex 1 Pt. A point 3 inserted (31.12.2022 at 11.00 p.m.) by The Road Vehicle Carbon Dioxide Emission Performance Standards (Cars, Vans and Heavy Duty Vehicles) (Amendment) Regulations 2022 (S.I. 2022/1361), regs. 1(2), 3(10)(a)(i)

F4 Words in Annex 1 Pt. A point 3 inserted (31.12.2022 at 11.00 p.m.) by The Road Vehicle Carbon Dioxide Emission Performance Standards (Cars, Vans and Heavy Duty Vehicles) (Amendment) Regulations 2022 (S.I. 2022/1361), regs. 1(2), 3(10)(a)(ii)

[F5 3a. For a manufacturer for which WLTP_CO2 or NEDC_CO2 is zero, the specific emission reference target in 2021 shall be NEDC_2020target as defined in point 3. U.K.

Textual Amendments

F5 Annex 1 Pt. A points 3a-3c inserted (26.11.2021) by The Road Vehicle Carbon Dioxide Emission Performance Standards (Cars and Vans) (Miscellaneous Amendments) Regulations 2021 (S.I. 2021/1242), regs. 1(2), 2(2)(b)

3b. For a manufacturer that is placing passenger cars on the United Kingdom market for the first time in any of the calendar years 2021 to 2024, the specific emission reference target in 2021 shall be the average of the specific emissions reference targets determined for all manufacturers in accordance with point 3, weighted according to the number of new passenger cars that were registered for those manufacturers in the United Kingdom in 2020. U.K.

3c. Notwithstanding point 3b, where in any of the calendar years 2021 to 2024, a manufacturer is placing passenger cars on the market of the United Kingdom for the first time, but that manufacturer was formed by a merger of two or more manufacturers of which at least one was responsible for new passenger cars registered in the United Kingdom in 2020, the specific emission reference target in 2021 for the new manufacturer shall be one of the following: U.K.

(a)

where two or more of the merging manufacturers were responsible for new passenger cars registered in the United Kingdom in 2020, the specific emission reference target in 2021 shall be the average of the specific emission reference targets determined for those manufacturers in accordance with point 3, weighted according to the number of new passenger cars that were registered for those manufacturers in the United Kingdom in 2020;

(b)

where only one of the merging manufacturers was responsible for new passenger cars registered in the United Kingdom in 2020, the specific emission reference target in 2021 determined in accordance with point 3 for that manufacturer.]

4. [F6 Subject to points 4a and 4b,] for the calendar years 2021 to 2024, the specific emissions target for a manufacturer shall be calculated as follows: U.K.

Textual Amendments

F6 Words in Annex 1 Pt. A point 4 inserted (26.11.2021) by The Road Vehicle Carbon Dioxide Emission Performance Standards (Cars and Vans) (Miscellaneous Amendments) Regulations 2021 (S.I. 2021/1242), regs. 1(2), 2(2)(d)

Specific emissions target = WLTP_{reference target} + a [(M_ø – M₀) – (M_ø2020 – M_0,2020)]

where:

WLTP_{reference target}

is the 2021 WLTP specific emissions reference target calculated in accordance with point 3;

a

is 0,0333;

M_ø

is the average of the [F7 mass in running order (M) of the new NI passenger cars] of the manufacturer registered in the relevant target year in kilograms (kg);

M₀

is 1 379,88 in 2021, and [F8 1,435.77] for the years 2022, 2023 and 2024;

M_ø2020

is the average of the mass in running order (M) of the new passenger cars of the manufacturer registered in 2020 in kilograms (kg);

M_0,2020

is 1 379,88.

Textual Amendments

F7 Words in Annex 1 Pt. A point 4 substituted (3.1.2024) by The Vehicle Emissions Trading Schemes Order 2023 (S.I. 2023/1394), arts. 1(b), 110(12)(a) (with art. 117)

F8 Word in Annex 1 Pt. A point 4 substituted (26.11.2021) by The Road Vehicle Carbon Dioxide Emission Performance Standards (Cars and Vans) (Miscellaneous Amendments) Regulations 2021 (S.I. 2021/1242), regs. 1(2), 2(2)(c)

[F9 4a. For a manufacturer that is placing passenger cars on the United Kingdom market for the first time in any of the calendar years 2021 to 2024, when calculating the specific emissions target in point 4, M_ø2020 shall be the average of the M_ø2020 values determined for all manufacturers determined in accordance with point 4, weighted according to the number of new passenger cars that were registered for those manufacturers in the United Kingdom in 2020. U.K.

Textual Amendments

F9 Annex 1 Pt. A points 4a, 4b inserted (26.11.2021) by The Road Vehicle Carbon Dioxide Emission Performance Standards (Cars and Vans) (Miscellaneous Amendments) Regulations 2021 (S.I. 2021/1242), regs. 1(2), 2(2)(e)

4b. Notwithstanding point 4a, where in any of the calendar years 2021 to 2024 a manufacturer is placing passenger cars on the market of the United Kingdom for the first time, but that manufacturer was formed by a merger of two or more manufacturers of which at least one was responsible for new passenger cars registered in the United Kingdom in 2020, when calculating the specific emissions target in point 4, M_ø2020 for the new manufacturer shall be one of the following: U.K.

(a)

where two or more of the merging manufacturers were responsible for new passenger cars registered in the United Kingdom in 2020, M_ø2020 shall be the average of the M_ø2020 values determined for those manufacturers in accordance with point 4, weighted according to the number of new passenger cars that were registered for those manufacturers in the United Kingdom in 2020;

(b)

where only one of the merging manufacturers was responsible for new passenger cars registered in the United Kingdom in 2020, M_ø2020 shall be determined in accordance with point 4 for that manufacturer.]

5. [F10 Derogation targets in accordance with Article 10(3) or 10(4) U.K.

Textual Amendments

F10 Annex 1 Pt. A point 5 substituted (26.11.2021) by The Road Vehicle Carbon Dioxide Emission Performance Standards (Cars and Vans) (Miscellaneous Amendments) Regulations 2021 (S.I. 2021/1242), regs. 1(2), 2(2)(f)

(a)

For a manufacturer that has been granted a derogation in accordance with Article 10(3) from its NEDC based specific emissions target in calendar year 2021, or a derogation in accordance with Article 10(4) from its specific emission targets in any of the calendar years 2021 to 2024, the WLTP based derogation target for those years shall be calculated as follows:

Where:

WLTP_CO2 is WLTP_CO2 as defined in point 3;

[F11 NEDCCO2 is NEDCCO2 as defined in point 3];

Textual Amendments

F11 Words in Annex 1 Pt. A point 5 substituted (31.12.2022 at 11.00 p.m.) by The Road Vehicle Carbon Dioxide Emission Performance Standards (Cars, Vans and Heavy Duty Vehicles) (Amendment) Regulations 2022 (S.I. 2022/1361), regs. 1(2), 3(10)(b)

NEDC_{derogationtarget} is the derogation target granted by the Secretary of State pursuant to Article 10(3) or 10(4) as the case may be.

(b)

Notwithstanding point (a), where a manufacturer is granted a derogation in accordance with Article 10(4) from the specific emission targets in any of the calendar years 2021 to 2024, but was not responsible for the registration of new passenger cars in the United Kingdom prior to 2021, the derogation target for any of those calendar years shall be calculated in accordance with the formula in point (a), where the following definitions shall apply:

WLTP_CO2 is the average value across all individual manufacturers, weighted by the number of new passenger cars registered in 2020, of WLTP_CO2 as defined in point 3;

NEDC_CO2 is the average value across all individual manufacturers, weighted by the number of new passenger cars registered in 2020, of NEDC_CO2 as defined in point 3;

NEDC_{derogationtarget} is the derogation target calculated in accordance with Article 10(4), in conjunction with Article 6(3) of Commission Regulation (EU) No 63/2011 of 26 January 2011 laying down detailed provisions for the application for a derogation from the specific CO₂ emission targets pursuant to Article 11 of Regulation (EC) No 443/2009 of the European Parliament and of the Council.]

6. From 1 January 2025, the [F12 Northern Ireland fleet-wide] targets and the specific emissions targets for a manufacturer shall be calculated as follows: U.K.

Textual Amendments

F12 Annex 1 Pt. A point 6: the words "Northern Ireland fleet-wide" substituted for "United Kingdom fleet-wide" (3.1.2024) by The Vehicle Emissions Trading Schemes Order 2023 (S.I. 2023/1394), arts. 1(b), 110(12)(b)(i) (with art. 117) [Editorial note: For technical reasons the editorial team has been unable to carry out this substitution where the relevant words occur in formulas contained in image files.]

6.0. [F12 Northern Ireland fleet-wide] target₂₀₂₁ U.K.

[F12 Northern Ireland fleet-wide] target₂₀₂₁ is the average, weighted by the number of new passenger cars [F13 registered in the United Kingdom in 2021], of the reference-values₂₀₂₁ determined for each individual manufacturer for which a specific emissions target applies in accordance with point 4.

Textual Amendments

F13 Words in Annex 1 Pt. A point 6 substituted (3.1.2024) by The Vehicle Emissions Trading Schemes Order 2023 (S.I. 2023/1394), arts. 1(b), 110(12)(b)(ii) (with art. 117)

The reference-value₂₀₂₁ shall be determined, for each manufacturer, as follows:

where:

WLTP_CO2,measured

is the average, for each manufacturer, of the measured CO₂ emissions combined of each new passenger car [F14 registered in the United Kingdom in 2020], as determined and reported in accordance with Article 7a of Implementing Regulation (EU) 2017/1153 [F15 , as it had effect in EU law immediately before IP completion day];

NEDC_{2020,Fleet Target}

is 95 g/km;

NEDC_CO2

is as defined in point 3;

M_ø2021

is the average of the mass in running order of the new passenger cars of the manufacturer [F13 registered in the United Kingdom in 2021] in kilograms (kg);

M_0,2021

is the average mass in running order in kilograms (kg) of all new passenger cars [F13 registered in the United Kingdom in 2021] of those manufacturers for which a specific emissions target applies in accordance with point 4;

a

is as defined in point 4.

Textual Amendments

F14 Words in Annex 1 Pt. A point 6.0 substituted (3.1.2024) by The Vehicle Emissions Trading Schemes Order 2023 (S.I. 2023/1394), arts. 1(b), 110(12)(b)(iii) (with art. 117)

F15 Words in Annex 1 Pt. A point 6.0 inserted (31.12.2022 at 11.00 p.m.) by The Road Vehicle Carbon Dioxide Emission Performance Standards (Cars, Vans and Heavy Duty Vehicles) (Amendment) Regulations 2022 (S.I. 2022/1361), regs. 1(2), 3(10)(c)

6.1. [F12 Northern Ireland fleet-wide] targets for 2025 and 2030 U.K.

6.1.1. [F12 Northern Ireland fleet-wide] target for 2025 to 2029 U.K.

[F12 Northern Ireland fleet-wide] target₂₀₂₅ = [F12 Northern Ireland fleet-wide] target₂₀₂₁ · (1 – reduction factor₂₀₂₅)

where:

[F12 Northern Ireland fleet-wide] target₂₀₂₁

is as defined in point 6.0;

reduction factor₂₀₂₅

is the reduction specified in point (a) of Article 1(4).

6.1.2. [F12 Northern Ireland fleet-wide] target for 2030 onwards U.K.

[F12 Northern Ireland fleet-wide] target₂₀₃₀ = [F12 Northern Ireland fleet-wide] target₂₀₂₁ · (1 – reduction factor₂₀₃₀)

where:

[F12 Northern Ireland fleet-wide] target₂₀₂₁

is as defined in point 6.0;

reduction factor₂₀₃₀

is the reduction specified in point (a) of Article 1(5).

6.2. Specific emissions reference targets from 2025 onwards U.K.

6.2.1. Specific emissions reference targets for 2025 to 2029 U.K.

The specific emissions reference target = [F12 Northern Ireland fleet-wide] target₂₀₂₅ + a₂₀₂₅ · (TM – TM₀)

where:

[F12 Northern Ireland fleet-wide] target₂₀₂₅

is as determined in accordance with point 6.1.1;

a₂₀₂₅

isF16 F12 F17

Textual Amendments

F16 Annex 1 Pt. A Point 6: the words “Great Britain fleet-wide” substituted for “EU fleet-wide” (31.12.2020) by The Road Vehicle Carbon Dioxide Emission Performance Standards (Cars and Vans) (Amendment) (EU Exit) Regulations 2020 (S.I. 2020/1418), regs. 1(3), 3(22)(b)(i) [Editorial note: For technical reasons the editorial team has been unable to carry out this substitution where the relevant words occur in formulas contained in image files.]

F17 Annex 1 Pt. A Point 6: the words "United Kingdom fleet-wide" substituted for "Great Britain fleet-wide" (1.9.2021) by The Road Vehicle Carbon Dioxide Emission Performance Standards (Cars and Vans) (Amendment) (EU Exit) Regulations 2021 (S.I. 2021/898), regs. 1(2), 2(10)(a) [Editorial note: For technical reasons the editorial team has been unable to carry out this substitution where the relevant words occur in formulas contained in image files.]

where:

a₂₀₂₁

is the slope of the best fitting straight line established by applying the linear least squares fitting method to the test mass (independent variable) and the specific emissions of CO₂ (dependent variable) of each new passenger car [F13 registered in the United Kingdom in 2021];

average emissions₂₀₂₁

is the average of the specific emissions of CO₂ of all new passenger cars [F13 registered in the United Kingdom in 2021] of those manufacturers for which a specific emissions target is calculated in accordance with point 4;

TM

is the average test mass in kilograms (kg) of all new passenger cars of the manufacturer registered in the relevant calendar year;

TM₀

is the value in kilograms (kg) determined in accordance with point (d) of Article 14(1).

6.2.2. Specific emissions reference targets for 2030 onwards U.K.

The specific emissions reference target = [F12 Northern Ireland fleet-wide] target₂₀₃₀ + a₂₀₃₀ · (TM – TM₀)

where:

[F12 Northern Ireland fleet-wide] target₂₀₃₀

is as determined in accordance with point 6.1.2;

a₂₀₃₀

isF16 F12 F17

where:

a₂₀₂₁

is as defined in point 6.2.1;

average emissions₂₀₂₁

is as defined in point 6.2.1;

TM

is as defined in point 6.2.1;

TM₀

is as defined in point 6.2.1.

6.3. Specific emissions targets from 2025 onwards U.K.

Specific emissions target = specific emissions reference target · ZLEV factor

where:

specific emissions reference target

is the specific emissions reference target of CO₂ determined in accordance with point 6.2.1 for the period 2025 to 2029 and point 6.2.2 for 2030 onwards;

ZLEV factor

is (1 + y – x), unless this sum is larger than 1,05 or lower than 1,0 in which case the ZLEV factor shall be set to 1,05 or 1,0, as the case may be;

where:

y

is the share of zero- and low-emission vehicles in the manufacturer's fleet of new passenger cars calculated as the total number of new zero- and low-emission vehicles, where each of them is counted as ZLEV_specific in accordance with the following formula, divided by the total number of [F18 new NI passenger cars registered in the relevant calendar year]:

F19 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

x

is 15 % in the years 2025 to 2029 and 35 % from 2030 onwards.]

Textual Amendments

F18 Words in Annex 1 Pt. A point 6.3 substituted (3.1.2024) by The Vehicle Emissions Trading Schemes Order 2023 (S.I. 2023/1394), arts. 1(b), 110(12)(b)(iv) (with art. 117)

F19 Words in Annex 1 Pt. A Point 6.3 omitted (31.12.2020) by virtue of The Road Vehicle Carbon Dioxide Emission Performance Standards (Cars and Vans) (Amendment) (EU Exit) Regulations 2020 (S.I. 2020/1418), regs. 1(3), 3(22)(b)(ii)

Textual Amendments

F1 Annexes 1-5 revoked (E.W.S.) (3.1.2024) by The Vehicle Emissions Trading Schemes Order 2023 (S.I. 2023/1394), arts. 1(b), 110(1) (with arts. 116, 117)