Council Regulation (Euratom) No 139/2012 (repealed)Show full title

CHAPTER II PARTICIPATION

Article 4 Specific rules for fusion energy research

The rules set out in this Chapter apply without prejudice to specific rules for activities under the thematic area ‘Fusion energy research’ set out in Chapter IV.

SECTION 1 Minimum conditions

Article 5 General principles

1. Any undertaking, university or research centre or other legal entity, whether established in a Member State, an associated country, or a third country, may participate in an indirect action provided that the minimum conditions laid down in this Chapter are met, including any conditions specified pursuant to Article 11.

2. However, in the case of an indirect action as referred to in Article 6 or 8, under which the minimum conditions may be met without the participation of a legal entity established in a Member State, participation shall be subject to the further condition that the attainment of the objectives laid down in Articles 1 and 2 of the Treaty is thereby enhanced.

3. The Joint Research Centre (JRC) may participate in indirect actions on the same footing and with the same rights and obligations as a legal entity established in a Member State.

Article 6 Minimum conditions

1. The minimum conditions for indirect actions shall be the following:

(a) at least three legal entities shall participate, each of which is established in a Member State or associated country, and no two of which are established in the same Member State or associated country;

(b) all three legal entities shall be independent of each other in accordance with Article 7.

2. For the purposes of point (a) of paragraph 1, where one of the participants is the JRC, or an international European interest organisation or an entity created under Union law, these participants shall be deemed to be established in a Member State or an associated country other than a Member State or associated country in which is established another participant in the same action.

Article 7 Independence

1. Two legal entities shall be regarded as independent of each other where neither is under the direct or indirect control of the other or under the same direct or indirect control as the other.

2. For the purposes of paragraph 1, control may in particular take either of the following forms:

(a) the direct or indirect holding of more than 50 % of the nominal value of the issued share capital in the legal entity concerned, or of a majority of the voting rights of the shareholders or associates of that entity;

(b) the direct or indirect holding, in fact or in law, of decision-making powers in the legal entity concerned.

3. However, the following relationships between legal entities shall not in themselves be deemed to constitute controlling relationships:

(a) the same public investment corporation, institutional investor or venture-capital company has a direct or indirect holding of more than 50 % of the nominal value of the issued share capital or a majority of voting rights of the shareholders or associates;

(b) the legal entities concerned are owned or supervised by the same public body.

Article 8 Coordination and support actions, and training and career development of researchers

For coordination and support actions, and actions for the training and career development of researchers, the minimum condition shall be the participation of one legal entity.

The first paragraph shall not apply to actions with the aim of coordinating research activities.

Article 9 Sole participants

Where the minimum conditions for an indirect action are satisfied by a number of legal entities that together form one legal entity, the latter may be the sole participant in an indirect action, provided that it is established in a Member State or an associated country.

Article 10 International organisations and legal entities established in third countries

Participation in indirect actions shall be open to international organisations and legal entities established in third countries once the minimum conditions laid down in this Chapter are met, as well as any conditions specified in the specific programmes or relevant work programmes.

Article 11 Additional conditions

In addition to the minimum conditions laid down in this Chapter, specific programmes or work programmes may lay down conditions regarding the minimum number of participants.

They may also lay down, according to the nature and objectives of the indirect action, additional conditions to be met as regards type of participant and, where appropriate, place of establishment.

SECTION 2 Procedures

Subsection 1 Calls for proposals

Article 12 Calls for proposals

1. The Commission shall issue calls for proposals for indirect actions in accordance with the requirements laid down in the relevant specific programmes and work programmes.

In addition to the publicity specified in Regulation (EC, Euratom) No 2342/2002, the Commission shall publish calls for proposals on the website of the European Commission for the Framework Programme, through specific information channels, and at the national contact points set up by the Member States and the associated countries.

2. Where appropriate, the Commission shall specify in the call for proposals that the participants need not establish a consortium agreement.

3. Calls for proposals shall have clear objectives so as to ensure that applicants do not respond needlessly.

Article 13 Exceptions

The Commission shall not issue calls for proposals for the following:

(a)

coordination and support actions to be carried out by legal entities identified in the specific programmes or in the work programmes when the specific programme permits the work programmes to identify beneficiaries, in accordance with Regulation (EC, Euratom) No 2342/2002;

(b)

coordination and support actions consisting of the purchase of goods or services subject to the rules on public procurement set out in the Financial Regulation;

(c)

coordination and support actions relating to the appointment of independent experts;

(d)

other actions, where so provided for by the Financial Regulation or Regulation (EC, Euratom) No 2342/2002.

Subsection 2 Evaluation and selection of proposals and award of grants

Article 14 Evaluation, selection and award

1. The Commission shall evaluate all the proposals submitted in response to a call for proposals on the basis of the evaluation principles and the selection and award criteria.

The criteria shall be those of excellence, impact and implementation. Within these conditions, the work programme shall further specify the evaluation and selection criteria and may add additional requirements, weightings and thresholds, or set out further details on the application of the criteria.

2. A proposal that contravenes fundamental ethical principles or which does not fulfil the conditions set out in the specific programme, the work programme or in the call for proposals shall not be selected. Such a proposal may be excluded from the evaluation, selection and award procedures at any time.

3. Proposals shall be ranked according to the evaluation results. Funding decisions shall be made on the basis of that ranking.

Article 15 Submission, evaluation, selection and award procedures

1. Where a call for proposals specifies a two-step evaluation procedure, only those proposals that pass the first step, based on an evaluation against a limited set of criteria, shall go forward for further evaluation.

2. Where a call for proposals specifies a two-stage submission procedure, only those applicants whose proposals pass the evaluation for the first stage shall be requested to submit a complete proposal in the second stage.

All applicants shall be swiftly informed of the results of the first stage evaluation.

3. The Commission shall adopt and publish rules governing the procedure for the submission of proposals, as well as the related evaluation, selection and award procedures, and shall publish guides for applicants, including guidelines for evaluators. In particular, it shall lay down detailed rules for the two-stage procedure for submission (including as regards the scope and nature of the first-stage proposal and the complete second-stage proposal) and rules for the two-step evaluation procedure.

The Commission shall provide information and set out redress procedures for applicants.

4. The Rules to ensure consistent verification of the existence and legal status of participants, as well as their operational and financial capacities, in indirect actions supported through the form of a grant under the Seventh Framework Programme of the Union and under the Seventh Framework Programme of the Community, adopted by Commission Decision C(2007) 2466 of 13 June 2007, shall apply under the Framework Programme.

The Commission shall refrain from repeating such verification unless the situation of the participant concerned has changed.

Article 16 Appointment of independent experts

1. The Commission shall appoint independent experts to assist with evaluations of proposals.

For coordination and support actions, as referred to in Article 13, independent experts shall be appointed only if the Commission deems it appropriate.

2. Independent experts shall be chosen on the basis of skills and knowledge appropriate to the tasks assigned to them. In cases where independent experts have to deal with classified information, they shall be required to have the appropriate security clearance for nomination.

Independent experts shall be identified and selected on the basis of calls for applications from individuals and calls addressed to relevant organisations such as national research agencies, research institutions or enterprises with a view to establishing lists of suitable candidates.

The Commission may, if deemed appropriate, select any individual with the appropriate skills from outside the lists.

Appropriate measures shall be taken to ensure a reasonable gender balance when appointing groups of independent experts.

3. When appointing an independent expert, the Commission shall take all necessary steps to ensure that the expert is not faced with a conflict of interests in relation to the matter on which the expert is required to provide an opinion.

4. The Commission shall sign an appointment letter between the Community and each independent expert based on the model appointment letter adopted by the Commission Decision C(2008) 4617 of 21 August 2008.

5. The Commission shall publish once a year in any appropriate medium the list of the independent experts that have assisted it for the Framework Programme and each specific programme.

Subsection 3 Implementation and grant agreements

Article 17 General

1. The participants shall implement the indirect action and shall take all necessary and reasonable measures to that end. Participants in the same indirect action shall implement the work jointly and severally vis-à-vis the Community.

2. The Commission shall draw up, on the basis of the model grant agreement referred to in Article 18 and taking into account the characteristics of the funding scheme concerned, a grant agreement between the Community and the participants.

3. Participants shall make no commitments incompatible with the grant agreement.

4. Where a participant fails to comply with its obligations regarding the technical implementation of the indirect action, the other participants shall comply with the grant agreement without any complementary Community contribution unless the Commission expressly relieves them of that obligation.

5. If the implementation of an action becomes impossible or if the participants fail to implement it, the Commission shall ensure the termination of the action.

6. Participants shall ensure that the Commission is informed of any event that might affect the implementation of the indirect action or the interests of the Community.

7. Where provided for in the grant agreement, the participants in the indirect action may subcontract certain elements of the work to be carried out to third parties.

8. The Commission shall set out redress procedures for participants.

Article 18 General provisions of the grant agreement

1. The model grant agreement adopted by the Commission Decision C(2007) 1509 of 10 April 2007 shall apply under the Framework Programme.

The grant agreement shall establish the rights and obligations of the participants with regard to the Community, in accordance with Decision 2006/970/Euratom, this Regulation, the Financial Regulation and Regulation (EC, Euratom) No 2342/2002, and in accordance with the general principles of Union law.

It shall also establish, in accordance with the same conditions, the rights and obligations of legal entities who become participants when the indirect action is ongoing.

2. Where appropriate, the grant agreement shall specify which part of the Community financial contribution is based on the reimbursement of eligible costs, and which part is based on flat rates (including scale of unit costs) or lump sums.

3. The grant agreement shall specify which changes in the composition of the consortium are to require the prior publication of a competitive call.

4. The grant agreement shall require the submission to the Commission of periodic progress reports concerning the implementation of the indirect action concerned.

5. Where appropriate, the grant agreement shall provide that the Commission is to be notified in advance of any intended transfer of ownership of foreground to a third party.

6. Where the grant agreement requires participants to carry out activities that benefit third parties, the participants shall advertise this widely and identify, evaluate and select third parties transparently, fairly and impartially. If provided for in the work programme, the grant agreement shall establish criteria for the selection of such third parties. The Commission reserves the right to object to the selection of the third parties.

7. If a significant modification of the model grant agreement referred to in paragraph 1 proves necessary, the Commission shall, in close cooperation with Member States, revise it as appropriate.

8. The model grant agreement shall reflect the general principles laid down in the European Charter for Researchers and the Code of Conduct for the Recruitment of Researchers. It shall address, as appropriate, synergies with education at all levels; readiness and capacity to foster dialogue and debate on scientific issues and research results with a broad public beyond the research community; activities to increase the participation and role of women in research; and activities addressing socioeconomic aspects of the research.

9. The model grant agreement shall provide for supervision and financial control by the Commission or any representative authorised by it, and the Court of Auditors.

10. The grant agreement shall lay down time limits for participants to give the various notifications referred to in this Regulation.

Article 19 Provisions concerning access rights use and dissemination

1. The grant agreement shall establish the respective rights and obligations of the participants with regard to access rights, use and dissemination, in so far as those rights and obligations have not been laid down in this Regulation.

For those purposes, it requires the submission to the Commission of a plan for the use and dissemination of foreground.

2. The grant agreement shall specify the conditions under which the participants may object to a technological audit of the use and dissemination of the foreground being carried out by certain authorised representatives of the Commission.

Article 20 Provisions concerning termination

The grant agreement shall specify the grounds for its termination, in whole or in part, in particular for non-compliance with this Regulation, non-performance or breach, as well as the consequences for participants of any non-compliance on the part of another participant.

Article 21 Specific provisions

1. In the case of indirect actions to support existing research infrastructures and, where applicable, new research infrastructures, the grant agreement shall lay down specific provisions relating to confidentiality, publicity and access rights and commitments that might affect users of the infrastructure.

2. In the case of indirect actions to support training and career development of researchers, the grant agreement shall lay down specific provisions on confidentiality, access rights and commitments relating to the researchers benefiting from the action.

3. To safeguard the defence interests of the Member States within the meaning of Article 24 of the Treaty, the grant agreement shall lay down, where appropriate, specific provisions on confidentiality, classification of information, access rights, transfer of ownership of foreground and the use thereof.

Article 22 Signature and accession

The grant agreement shall enter into force upon signature by the coordinator and the Commission.

It shall apply to each participant that has formally acceded thereto.

Subsection 4 Consortia

Article 23 Consortium agreements

1. Save where otherwise provided in the call for proposals, all participants in an indirect action shall conclude an agreement, hereinafter ‘the consortium agreement’, to govern, inter alia, the following:

(a) the internal organisation of the consortium;

(b) the distribution of the Community financial contribution;

(c) rules additional to those in Chapter III as well as to related provisions in the grant agreement;

(d) the settlement of internal disputes, including the cases of abuses of power;

(e) liability, indemnification and confidentiality arrangements between the participants.

2. The Commission shall establish and publish guidelines on the main issues that may be addressed by participants in their consortium agreements.

Article 24 Coordinator

1. The legal entities wishing to participate in an indirect action shall appoint one of their number to act as coordinator to carry out the following tasks in accordance with this Regulation, the Financial Regulation, Regulation (EC, Euratom) No 2342/2002, and the grant agreement:

(a) monitoring compliance by participants in the indirect action with their obligations;

(b) verifying whether the legal entities identified in the grant agreement complete the necessary formalities for accession to the grant agreement;

(c) receiving the Community financial contribution and distributing it in accordance with the consortium and grant agreement;

(d) keeping the records and financial accounts relevant for the Community financial contribution and informing the Commission of its distribution in accordance with Article 23(1)(b) and Article 35;

(e) acting as an intermediary for efficient and correct communication between the participants and reporting regularly to the participants and to the Commission on the progress of the project.

2. The coordinator shall be identified in the grant agreement.

The appointment of a new coordinator shall require the written approval of the Commission.

Article 25 Changes in the consortium

1. The participants in an indirect action may agree to add a new participant or to remove an existing participant in accordance with the provisions established to this effect in the consortium agreement.

2. Any legal entity that joins an ongoing action shall accede to the grant agreement.

3. In specific cases, where provided for in the grant agreement, the consortium shall publish a competitive call and advertise it widely using specific information support, particularly Internet sites for the Framework Programme, the specialist press and brochures, and the national contact points set up by the Member States and associated countries for information and support.

The consortium shall evaluate offers in the light of the criteria governing the initial action and with the assistance of independent experts appointed by the consortium, in accordance with the principles laid down in Articles 14 and 16.

4. The consortium shall notify any proposed change in its composition to the Commission, which may object within 45 days of the notification.

Changes in the composition of the consortium associated with proposals for other changes to the grant agreement which are not directly related to the change in composition shall be subject to written approval by the Commission.

Subsection 5 Monitoring and evaluation of programmes and indirect actions and communication of information

Article 26 Monitoring and evaluation

1. The Commission shall monitor the implementation of indirect actions on the basis of the periodic progress reports submitted in accordance with the model grant agreement referred to in Article 18.

In particular, the Commission shall monitor the implementation of the plan for the use and dissemination of foreground, submitted in accordance with the second subparagraph of Article 19(1).

For those purposes, the Commission may be assisted by independent experts appointed in accordance with Article 16.

2. The Commission shall set up and maintain an information system to enable the monitoring referred to in paragraph 1 to be carried out in an efficient and coherent manner across the Framework Programme.

Subject to Article 3, the Commission shall publish on any appropriate medium information on the funded projects.

3. The monitoring and evaluation referred to in Article 6 of Decision 2012/93/Euratom shall include aspects relating to the application of this Regulation and shall address the budgetary impact of the changes in the cost calculation regime as compared to the Seventh Framework Programme of the Community and its effects on the administrative burden for participants.

4. The Commission shall appoint, in accordance with Article 16, independent experts to assist with evaluations required under the Framework Programme and its specific programme, and, as deemed necessary, for the evaluation of previous framework programmes.

5. In addition, the Commission may set up groups of independent experts appointed in accordance with Article 16, to advise on the design and implementation of Community research policy.

Article 27 Information to be made available

1. Subject to Article 3, the Commission shall, upon request, make available to any Member State or associated country any useful information in its possession on foreground arising from work carried out in the context of an indirect action, provided that the following conditions are met:

(a) the information concerned is relevant to public policy;

(b) the participants have not provided sound and sufficient reasons for withholding the information concerned.

2. Under no circumstances shall the provision of information pursuant to paragraph 1 be deemed to transfer to the recipient any rights or obligations of the Commission or of the participants.

However, the recipient shall treat any such information as confidential unless it becomes public or is made available publicly by the participants, or unless it was communicated to the Commission without restrictions on its confidentiality.

SECTION 3 Community financial contribution

Subsection 1 Eligibility for funding and forms of grants

Article 28 Eligibility for funding

1. The following legal entities participating in an indirect action may receive a Community financial contribution:

(a) any legal entity established in a Member State or an associated country, or created under Union law;

(b) any international European interest organisation.

2. In the case of a participating international organisation, other than an international European interest organisation, or a legal entity established in a third country other than an associated country, a Community financial contribution may be granted provided that at least one of the following conditions is met:

(a) provision is made to that effect in the specific programmes or in the relevant work programme;

(b) the contribution is essential for carrying out the indirect action;

(c) the contribution is provided for in a bilateral scientific and technological agreement or any other arrangement between the Community and the country in which the legal entity is established.

Article 29 Forms of grants

The Community financial contribution for grants identified in the Annex II to the Decision 2012/93/Euratom shall be based on the reimbursement, in whole or in part, of eligible costs.

However, the Community financial contribution may take the form of flat rate financing, including scale of unit costs, or lump sum financing, or it may combine the reimbursement of eligible costs with flat rates and lump sums. The Community financial contribution may also take the form of scholarships or prizes.

The work programmes and calls for proposals shall specify the forms of grants to be used in the actions concerned.

Article 30 Reimbursement of eligible costs

1. Indirect actions financed by grants shall be co-financed by the participants.

The Community financial contribution to reimburse eligible costs shall not give rise to a profit.

2. Receipts shall be taken into consideration for the payment of the grant at the end of the implementation of the action.

3. In order to be considered eligible, costs incurred for the implementation of an indirect action shall meet the following conditions:

(a) they must be actual;

(b) they must have been incurred during the duration of the action, with the exception of final reports when provided for in the grant agreement;

(c) they must have been determined in accordance with the usual accounting and management principles and practices of the participant and used for the sole purpose of achieving the objectives of the indirect action and its expected results, in a manner consistent with the principles of economy, efficiency and effectiveness;

(d) they must be recorded in the accounts of the participant and, in the case of any contribution from third parties, they must be recorded in the accounts of the third parties;

(e) they must be exclusive of non-eligible costs, in particular identifiable indirect taxes including value added tax, duties, interest owed, provisions for possible future losses or charges, exchange losses, cost related to return on capital, costs declared or incurred, or reimbursed in respect of another Union project, debt and debt service charges, excessive or reckless expenditure, and any other cost that does not meet the conditions referred to in points (a) to (d).

For the purposes of point (a) of the first subparagraph, average personnel costs may be used if they are consistent with the management principles and accounting practices of the participant and do not differ significantly from actual costs.

4. While the Community financial contribution shall be calculated by reference to the cost of the indirect action as a whole, its reimbursement shall be based on the reported costs of each participant.

Article 31 Direct eligible costs and indirect eligible costs

1. Eligible costs shall be composed of costs attributable directly to the action (hereinafter ‘direct eligible costs’) and, where applicable, of costs that are not attributable directly to the action, but which have been incurred in direct relationship with the direct eligible costs attributed to the action (hereinafter ‘indirect eligible costs’).

2. The reimbursement of participants’ costs shall be based on their eligible direct and indirect costs.

In compliance with Article 30(3)(c), a participant may use a simplified method for calculating its indirect eligible cost at the level of its legal entity if this method is in accordance with its usual accounting and management principles and practices. Principles to be followed in this respect shall be set out in the model grant agreement.

3. The grant agreement may provide that the reimbursement of indirect eligible costs is to be limited to a maximum percentage of the direct eligible costs, excluding the direct eligible costs for subcontracting, in particular in the case of coordination and support actions, and, where appropriate, actions for the training and career development of researchers.

4. By way of derogation from paragraph 2, for the coverage of indirect eligible costs a participant may opt for a flat rate of its total direct eligible costs, excluding its direct eligible costs for subcontracting or reimbursement of third parties’ costs.

The Commission shall establish appropriate flat rates based on a close approximation of the real indirect costs concerned, in accordance with the Financial Regulation and Regulation (EC, Euratom) No 2342/2002.

5. Non-profit public bodies, secondary and higher education establishments, research organisations and SMEs that are unable to identify with certainty their real indirect costs for the action concerned, when participating in funding schemes which include research and technological development and demonstration activities, as referred to in Article 32, may opt for a flat rate equal to 60 % of the total direct eligible costs.

6. All flat rates shall be set out in the model grant agreement.

Article 32 Upper funding limits

1. For research and technological development activities, the Community financial contribution may reach a maximum of 50 % of the total eligible costs.

However, in the case of non-profit public bodies, secondary and higher education establishments, research organisations and SMEs, it may reach a maximum of 75 % of the total eligible costs.

2. For demonstration activities, the Community financial contribution may reach a maximum of 50 % of the total eligible costs.

3. For activities supported by coordination and support actions, and actions for the training and career development of researchers, the Community financial contribution may reach a maximum of 100 % of the total eligible costs.

4. For management activities, including certificates for the financial statements, and other activities not covered by paragraphs 1, 2 and 3, the Community financial contribution may reach a maximum of 100 % of the total eligible costs.

The other activities referred to in the first subparagraph include, inter alia, training in actions that do not fall under the funding scheme for the training and career development of researchers, coordination, networking, and dissemination.

5. For the purposes of paragraphs 1 to 4, eligible costs and receipts shall be taken into consideration in order to determine the Community financial contribution.

6. Paragraphs 1 to 5 shall apply, as appropriate, to indirect actions where flat rate financing or lump sum financing is used for the whole indirect action.

Article 33 Reporting and audit of eligible costs

1. Periodic reports shall be submitted to the Commission regarding eligible costs, financial interest yielded by pre-financing, and receipts in relation to the indirect action concerned and, where appropriate, a certificate for the financial statements, in accordance with the Financial Regulation and Regulation (EC, Euratom) No 2342/2002.

Any co-financing of the action concerned shall be reported and, where appropriate, certified at the end of the action.

2. Notwithstanding the Financial Regulation and Regulation (EC, Euratom) No 2342/2002, a certificate for the financial statements shall be compulsory only whenever the cumulative amount of interim payments and balance payments made to a participant is equal to EUR 375 000 or more for an indirect action.

However, for indirect actions of duration of 2 years or less, not more than one certificate on the financial statements shall be requested from the participant, at the end of the project.

Certificates for the financial statements shall not be required for indirect actions entirely reimbursed by means of lump sums or flat rates.

3. In the case of public bodies, research organisations, and higher and secondary education establishments, a certificate for the financial statements as required under paragraph 1 may be established by a competent public officer.

Article 34 Networks of excellence

1. The work programme shall provide for the forms of grants to be used for networks of excellence.

2. Where the Community financial contribution to networks of excellence takes the form of a lump sum, it shall be calculated according to the number of researchers to be included in the network of excellence and the duration of the action. The unit value for lump sums paid shall be EUR 23 500 per year and per researcher.

That amount shall be adjusted by the Commission in accordance with the Financial Regulation and Regulation (EC, Euratom) No 2342/2002.

3. The work programme shall establish the maximum number of participants and, where appropriate, the maximum number of researchers that may be used as the basis for the calculation of the maximum lump sum. However, participants over and above the maximum number for the establishment of the financial contribution may participate as appropriate.

4. The payment of the financial contribution shall be effected by means of periodic releases.

Those periodic releases shall be made according to the assessment of the progressive implementation of the Joint Programme of Activities through measurement of the integration of research resources and capacities based on the basis of performance indicators negotiated with the consortium and specified in the grant agreement.

Subsection 2 Payment, distribution, recovery and guarantees

Article 35 Payment and distribution

1. The Community financial contribution shall be paid to the participants via the coordinator without undue delay.

2. The coordinator shall keep records making it possible to determine at any time what portion of the Community funds has been distributed to each participant.

The coordinator shall communicate that information to the Commission upon request.

Article 36 Recovery

The Commission may adopt a recovery decision in accordance with the Financial Regulation.

Article 37 Risk avoidance mechanism

1. The financial responsibility of each participant shall be limited to its own debt, subject to paragraphs 2 to 5.

2. In order to manage the risk associated with the non-recovery of sums due to the Community, the Commission has established and operates the Participant Guarantee Fund (hereinafter ‘the Fund’) in accordance with the Annex.

Financial interests generated by the Fund shall be added to the Fund and shall serve exclusively for the purposes set out in point 3 of the Annex, without prejudice to point 4 thereof.

3. The contribution to the Fund by a participant to an indirect action taking the form of a grant shall not exceed 5 % of the Community financial contribution due to the participant. At the end of the action the amount contributed to the Fund shall be returned to the participant, via the coordinator, subject to paragraph 4.

4. If the interests generated by the Fund are insufficient to cover sums due to the Community, the Commission may deduct from the amount to be returned to a participant a maximum of one per cent of the Community financial contribution to it.

5. The deduction referred to in paragraph 4 shall not apply to public bodies, legal entities whose participation in the indirect action is guaranteed by a Member State or an associated country, and higher and secondary education establishments.

6. The Commission shall only verify ex ante the financial capacity of coordinators, and of participants other than those referred to in paragraph 5 applying for a Community financial contribution in an indirect action in excess of EUR 500 000, unless there are exceptional circumstances when, on the basis of information already available, there are justified grounds to doubt the financial capacity of these participants.

7. The Participant guarantee fund shall be considered as a sufficient guarantee under the Financial Regulation. No additional guarantee or security may be requested from participants or imposed on them.