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- Point in Time (21/09/2007)
- Original (As adopted by EU)
Directive 2006/48/EC of the European Parliament and of the council of 14 June 2006 relating to the taking up and pursuit of the business of credit institutions (recast) (Text with EEA relevance) (repealed)
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Version Superseded: 17/08/2009
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Valuation
Calculating risk-weighted exposure amounts
Repurchase transactions and securities lending or borrowing transactions
OTC derivative transactions subject to daily mark-to-market
For the purposes of this point debt securities issued by central governments or central banks shall include: –
debt securities issued by regional governments or local authorities exposures to which are treated as exposures to the central government in whose jurisdiction they are established under Articles 78 to 83;
debt securities issued by multilateral development banks to which a 0 % risk weight is assigned under or by virtue of Articles 78 to 83; and
debt securities issued by international organisations which are assigned a 0 % risk weight under Articles 78 to 83.
Other transactions
the collateral is cash on deposit or a cash assimilated instrument; or
the collateral is in the form of debt securities issued by central governments or central banks eligible for a 0 % risk weight under Articles 78 to 83, and its market value has been discounted by 20 %.
For the purposes of this point ‘debt securities issued by central governments or central banks’ shall to include those indicated under point 28.
CVA = C x (1-HC-HFX)
The volatility-adjusted value of the exposure to be taken into account is calculated as follows:
EVA = E x (1+HE), and, in the case of OTC derivative transactions, EVA = E.
The fully adjusted value of the exposure, taking into account both volatility and the risk-mitigating effects of collateral is calculated as follows:
E* = max {0, [EVA - CVAM]}
Where:
E is the exposure value as would be determined under Articles 78 to 83 or Articles 84 to 89 as appropriate if the exposure was not collateralised. For this purpose, for credit institutions calculating risk-weighted exposure amounts under Articles 78 to 83, the exposure value of off-balance sheet items listed in Annex II shall be 100 % of its value rather than the percentages indicated in Article 78(1), and for credit institutions calculating risk-weighted exposure amounts under Articles 84 to 89, the exposure value of the items listed in Annex VII, Part 3, points 9 to 11 shall be calculated using a conversion factor of 100 % rather than the conversion factors or percentages indicated in those points.
EVA is the volatility-adjusted exposure amount.
CVA is the volatility-adjusted value of the collateral.
CVAM is CVA further adjusted for any maturity mismatch in accordance with the provisions of Part 4.
HE is the volatility adjustment appropriate to the exposure (E), as calculated under points 34 to 59.
HC is the volatility adjustment appropriate to the collateral, as calculated under points 34 to 59.
HFX is the volatility adjustment appropriate to currency mismatch, as calculated under points 34 to 59.
E* is the fully adjusted exposure value taking into account volatility and the risk-mitigating effects of the collateral.
Where the collateral consists of a number of recognised items, the volatility adjustment shall be , where ai is the proportion of an item to the collateral as a whole and Hi is the volatility adjustment applicable to that item.
Credit quality step with which the credit assessment of the debt security is associated | Residual Maturity | Volatility adjustments for debt securities issued by entities described in Part 1, point 7(b) | Volatility adjustments for debt securities issued by entities described in Part 1, point 7(c) and (d) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
20-day liquidation period ( %) | 10-day liquidation period ( %) | 5-day liquidation period ( %) | 20-day liquidation period ( %) | 10-day liquidation period ( %) | 5-day liquidation period ( %) | ||
1 | ≤ 1 year | 0,707 | 0,5 | 0,354 | 1,414 | 1 | 0,707 |
>1 ≤ 5 years | 2,828 | 2 | 1,414 | 5,657 | 4 | 2,828 | |
> 5 years | 5,657 | 4 | 2,828 | 11,314 | 8 | 5,657 | |
2-3 | ≤ 1 year | 1,414 | 1 | 0,707 | 2,828 | 2 | 1,414 |
>1 ≤ 5 years | 4,243 | 3 | 2,121 | 8,485 | 6 | 4,243 | |
> 5 years | 8,485 | 6 | 4,243 | 16,971 | 12 | 8,485 | |
4 | ≤ 1 year | 21,213 | 15 | 10,607 | N/A | N/A | N/A |
>1 ≤ 5 years | 21,213 | 15 | 10,607 | N/A | N/A | N/A | |
> 5 years | 21,213 | 15 | 10,607 | N/A | N/A | N/A |
Credit quality step with which the credit assessment of a short term debt security is associated | Volatility adjustments for debt securities issued by entities described in Part 1, point 7(b) with short-term credit assessments | Volatility adjustments for debt securities issued by entities described in Part 1, point 7(c) and (d) with short-term credit assessments | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
20-day liquidation period ( %) | 10-day liquidation period ( %) | 5-day liquidation period ( %) | 20-day liquidation period ( %) | 10-day liquidation period ( %) | 5-day liquidation period ( %) | |
1 | 0,707 | 0,5 | 0,354 | 1,414 | 1 | 0,707 |
2-3 | 1,414 | 1 | 0,707 | 2,828 | 2 | 1,414 |
Other collateral or exposure types | |||
---|---|---|---|
20-day liquidation period ( %) | 10-day liquidation period ( %) | 5-day liquidation period ( %) | |
Main Index Equities, Main Index Convertible Bonds | 21,213 | 15 | 10,607 |
Other Equities or Convertible Bonds listed on a recognised exchange | 35,355 | 25 | 17,678 |
Cash | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Gold | 21,213 | 15 | 10,607 |
Volatility adjustment for currency mismatch | ||
---|---|---|
20-day liquidation period ( %) | 10-day liquidation period ( %) | 5-day liquidation period) |
11,314 | 8 | 5,657 |
Quantitative Criteria
where TM is the relevant liquidation period;
HM is the volatility adjustment under TM and
HN is the volatility adjustment based on the liquidation period TN.
Qualitative Criteria
the integration of estimated volatility adjustments into daily risk management;
the validation of any significant change in the process for the estimation of volatility adjustments;
the verification of the consistency, timeliness and reliability of data sources used to run the system for the estimation of volatility adjustments, including the independence of such data sources; and
the accuracy and appropriateness of the volatility assumptions.
where:
H is the volatility adjustment to be applied
HM is the volatility adjustment where there is daily revaluation
NR is the actual number of business days between revaluations
TM is the liquidation period for the type of transaction in question.
Both the exposure and the collateral are cash or debt securities issued by central governments or central banks within the meaning of Part 1, point 7(b) and eligible for a 0 % risk weight under Articles 78 to 83,
Both the exposure and the collateral are denominated in the same currency,
Either the maturity of the transaction is no more than one day or both the exposure and the collateral are subject to daily marking-to-market or daily remargining,
It is considered that the time between the last marking-to-market before a failure to remargin by the counterparty and the liquidation of the collateral shall be no more than four business days,
The transaction is settled across a settlement system proven for that type of transaction,
The documentation covering the agreement is standard market documentation for repurchase transactions or securities lending or borrowing transactions in the securities concerned,
The transaction is governed by documentation specifying that if the counterparty fails to satisfy an obligation to deliver cash or securities or to deliver margin or otherwise defaults, then the transaction is immediately terminable, and
The counterparty is considered a ‘core market participant’ by the competent authorities. Core market participants shall include the following entities:
the entities mentioned in point 7(b) of Part 1 exposures to which are assigned a 0 % risk weight under Articles 78 to 83;
institutions;
other financial companies (including insurance companies) exposures to which are assigned a 20 % risk weight under Articles 78 to 83 or which, in the case of credit institutions calculating risk-weighted exposure amounts and expected loss amounts under Articles 83 to 89, do not have a credit assessment by a recognised ECAI and are internally rated as having a PD equivalent to that associated with the credit assessments of ECAIs determined by the competent authorities to be associated with credit quality step 2 or above under the rules for the risk weighting of exposures to corporates under Articles 78 to 83
regulated collective investment undertakings that are subject to capital or leverage requirements;
regulated pension funds; and
recognised clearing organisations.
Standardised Approach
IRB Approach
LGD* = LGD x (E*/E)
where:
LGD is the LGD that would apply to the exposure under Articles 84 to 89 if the exposure was not collateralised;
E is the exposure value as described under point 33;
E* is as calculated under point 33.
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