Directive 2003/97/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council (repealed)Show full title

ANNEX II

DESIGN SPECIFICATIONS AND TESTS REQUIRED FOR EC COMPONENT TYPE-APPROVAL OF A DEVICE FOR INDIRECT VISION

A. MIRRORS U.K.

1. General specifications U.K.

1.1. All mirrors must be adjustable. U.K.

1.2. The edge of the reflecting surface must be enclosed in a protective housing (holder, etc.) which, on its perimeter, must have a value ‘c’ greater than or equal to 2,5 mm at all points and in all directions. If the reflecting surface projects beyond the protective housing, the radius of curvature ‘c’ on the edge of the projecting part must be not less than 2,5 mm and the reflecting surface must return into the protective housing under a force of 50 N applied to the point of greatest projection, relative to the protective housing, in a horizontal direction, approximately parallel to the longitudinal median plane of the vehicle. U.K.

1.3. When the mirror is mounted on a plane surface, all parts, irrespective of the adjustment position of the device, including those parts remaining attached to the support after the test provided for in point 4.2, which are in potential, static contact with a sphere either 165 mm in diameter in the case of an interior mirror or 100 mm in diameter in the case of an exterior mirror, must have a radius of curvature ‘c’ of not less than 2,5 mm. U.K.

1.3.1. Edges of fixing holes or recesses of which the diameter or longest diagonal is less than 12 mm are exempt from the radius requirements of point 1.3 provided that they are blunted. U.K.

1.4. The device for the attachment of mirrors to the vehicle must be so designed that a cylinder with a 70 mm radius, having as its axis the axis, or one of the axes, of pivot or rotation which ensures deflection of the mirror in the direction of impact concerned, passes through at least part of the surface to which the device is attached. U.K.

1.5. The parts of exterior mirrors referred to in points 1.2 and 1.3 which are made of a material with a Shore A hardness not exceeding 60 are exempt from the relevant provisions. U.K.

1.6. In the case of those parts of interior mirrors which are made of a material with a Shore A hardness of less than 50 and which are mounted on a rigid support, the requirements of points 1.2 and 1.3 shall only apply to the support. U.K.

2. Dimensions U.K.

2.1. Interior rear-view mirrors (Class I) U.K.

The dimensions of the reflecting surface must be such that it is possible to inscribe thereon a rectangle one side of which is 40 mm and the other ‘a’ mm in length, where

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and r is the radius of curvature.

2.2. Main exterior rear-view mirrors (Classes II and III) U.K.

2.2.1. The dimensions of the reflecting surface must be such that it is possible to inscribe therein: U.K.

• a rectangle 40 mm high the base length of which, measured in millimetres, has the value ‘a’;

• a segment which is parallel to the height of the rectangle and the length of which, expressed in millimetres, has the value ‘b’.

2.2.2. The minimum values of ‘a’ and ‘b’ are given in the table below: U.K.

Class of rear-view mirror	a[mm]	b[mm]
II		200
III		70

2.3. ‘Wide-angle’ exterior mirrors (Class IV) U.K.

The contours of the reflecting surface must be of simple geometric form and its dimensions such that it provides, if necessary in conjunction with a Class II exterior mirror, the field of vision specified in point 5.4 of Annex III.

2.4. ‘Close-proximity’ exterior mirrors (Class V) U.K.

The contours of the reflecting surface must be of simple geometric form and its dimensions such that the mirror provides the field of vision specified in point 5.5 of Annex III.

2.5. Front mirrors (Class VI) U.K.

The contours of the reflecting surface must be of simple geometric form and its dimensions such that the mirror provides the field of vision specified in point 5.6 of Annex III.

3. Reflecting surface and coefficients of reflection U.K.

3.1. The reflecting surface of a mirror must be either flat or spherically convex. Exterior mirrors may be equipped with an additional aspherical part provided that the main mirror fulfils the requirements of the indirect field of vision. U.K.

3.2. Differences between the radii of curvature of mirrors U.K.

3.2.1. The difference between r_i or r′_i, and r_p at each reference point must not exceed 0,15 r. U.K.

3.2.2. The difference between any of the radii of curvature (r_p1, r_p2, and r_p3) and r must not exceed 0,15 r. U.K.

3.2.3. When r is not less than 3 000 mm, the value of 0,15 r quoted in points 3.2.1 and 3.2.2 is replaced by 0,25 r. U.K.

3.3. Requirements for aspherical parts of mirrors U.K.

3.3.1. Aspherical mirrors shall be of sufficient size and shape to provide useful information to the driver. This normally means a minimum width of 30 mm at some point. U.K.

3.3.2. The radius of curvature r_i of the aspherical part shall not be less than 150 mm. U.K.

3.4. Value of ‘r’ for spherical mirrors must not be less than: U.K.

3.4.1. 1 200 mm for interior rear-view mirrors (Class I); U.K.

3.4.2. 1 200 mm for Class II and III main exterior rear-view mirrors; U.K.

3.4.3. 300 mm for ‘wide-angle’ exterior mirrors (Class IV) and ‘close-proximity’ exterior mirrors (Class V); U.K.

3.4.4. 200 mm for front mirrors (Class VI). U.K.

3.5. The value of the normal coefficient of reflection, as determined according to the method described in Appendix 1 to this Annex, must be not less than 40 %. U.K.

In the case of reflecting surfaces with a changeable degree of reflection, the ‘day’ position must allow the colours of the signals used for road traffic to be recognised. The value of the normal coefficient of reflection in the ‘night’ position must be not less than 4 %.

3.6. The reflecting surface must retain the characteristics laid down in point 3.5 in spite of prolonged exposure to adverse weather conditions in normal use. U.K.

4. Tests U.K.

4.1. Mirrors shall be subjected to the tests described in point 4.2. U.K.

4.1.1. The test provided for in point 4.2 shall not be required in the case of any exterior mirror of which no part is less than 2 m from the ground, regardless of the adjustment position, when the vehicle is under a load corresponding to its maximum technically permissible mass. U.K.

This derogation also applies to the attachments of mirrors (attachment plates, arms, swivel joints, etc.) which are situated less than 2 m from the ground and which do not project beyond the overall width of the vehicle, measured in the transverse plane passing through the lowest mirror attachments or any other point forward of this plane if this configuration produces a greater overall width.

In such cases, a description specifying that the mirror must be mounted so as to conform to the abovementioned conditions for the positioning of its attachments on the vehicle must be provided.

Where advantage is taken of this derogation, the arm shall be indelibly marked with the symbol

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and the type-approval certificate shall be endorsed to this effect.

4.2. Impact test U.K.

The test according to this paragraph is not to be carried out for devices integrated in the bodywork of the vehicle and providing a frontal deflecting area of an angle not more than 45 ° measured in relation to the longitudinal median plane of the vehicle, or devices not protruding more than 100 mm measured beyond the circumscribing bodywork of the vehicle according to 74/483/EEC.

4.2.1. Description of the test rig U.K.

4.2.1.1. The test rig consists of a pendulum capable of swinging about two horizontal axes at right angles to each other, one of which is perpendicular to the plane containing the ‘release’ trajectory of the pendulum. U.K.

The end of the pendulum comprises a hammer formed by a rigid sphere with a diameter of 165 ± 1 mm having a 5 mm thick rubber covering of Shore A hardness 50.

A device is provided which permits determination of the maximum angle assumed by the arm in the plane of release.

A support firmly fixed to the structure of the pendulum serves to hold the specimens in compliance with the impact requirements specified in point 4.2.2.6.

Figure 2 gives the dimensions of the test rig and the special design specifications: U.K.

4.2.1.2. The centre of percussion of the pendulum coincides with the centre of the sphere, which forms the hammer. It is at a distance ‘l’ from the axis of oscillation in the release plane, which is equal to 1 m ± 5 mm. The reduced mass of the pendulum is m_o= 6,8 ± 0,05 kilograms. The relationship of ‘m_o’ to the total mass ‘m’ of the pendulum and to the distance ‘d’ between the centre of gravity of the pendulum and its axis of rotation is expressed in the equation: U.K.

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4.2.2. Description of the test U.K.

4.2.2.1. The procedure used to clamp the mirror to the support shall be that recommended by the manufacturer of the device or, where appropriate, by the vehicle manufacturer. U.K.

4.2.2.2. Positioning of the mirror for the test U.K.

4.2.2.2.1. Mirrors shall be positioned on the pendulum impact rig in such a way that the axes which are horizontal and vertical when the mirror is installed on a vehicle in accordance with the applicant's mounting instructions are in a similar position. U.K.

4.2.2.2.2. When a mirror is adjustable with respect to the base, the test position shall be that in which any pivoting device is least likely to operate, within the limits of adjustment provided by the applicant. U.K.

4.2.2.2.3. When the mirror has a device for adjusting its distance from the base, the device must be set in the position in which the distance between the housing and the base is shortest. U.K.

4.2.2.2.4. When the reflecting surface is mobile in the housing, it shall be so adjusted that the upper corner, which is furthest from the vehicle, is in the position of greatest projection relative to the housing. U.K.

4.2.2.3. Except in the case of test 2 for interior mirrors (see point 4.2.2.6.1), when the pendulum is in a vertical position, the horizontal and longitudinal vertical planes passing through the centre of the hammer shall pass through the centre of the reflecting surface as defined in point 1.1.1.10 of Annex I. The longitudinal direction of oscillation of the pendulum shall be parallel to the longitudinal median plane of the vehicle. U.K.

4.2.2.4. When, under the conditions governing adjustment laid down in points 4.2.2.1 and 4.2.2.2 parts of the mirror limit the return of the hammer, the point of impact must be displaced in a direction perpendicular to the axis of rotation or pivoting in question. U.K.

The displacement must be no greater than is strictly necessary for the execution of the test; it must be limited in such a way that:

• either the sphere delimiting the hammer remains at least tangential to the cylinder as defined in point 1.4;

• or the point of contact with the hammer is located at least 10 mm from the periphery of the reflecting surface.

4.2.2.5. The test consists in allowing the hammer to fall from a height corresponding to a pendulum angle of 60 ° from the vertical so that the hammer strikes the mirror at the moment when the pendulum reaches the vertical position. U.K.

4.2.2.6. The mirrors are subjected to impact under the following different conditions: U.K.

4.2.2.6.1. Interior mirrors U.K.

• Test 1:The points of impact shall be as defined in point 4.2.2.3. The impact must be such that the hammer strikes the mirror on the reflecting surface side.

• Test 2: Point of impact on the edge of the protective housing, such that the impact produced makes an angle of 45 ° with the plane of the reflecting surface and is situated in the horizontal plane passing through the centre of that surface. The impact must occur on the reflecting surface side.

4.2.2.6.2. Exterior mirrors U.K.

• Test 1: The point of impact shall be as defined in point 4.2.2.3 or 4.2.2.4. The impact must be such that the hammer strikes the mirror on the reflecting surface side.

• Test 2: The point of impact shall be as defined in point 4.2.2.3 or 4.2.2.4. The impact must be such that the hammer strikes the mirror on the side opposite to the reflecting surface.

Where Class II or III rear-view mirrors are fixed to the same mounting as Class IV rear-view mirrors, the abovementioned tests shall be executed on the lower mirror. Nevertheless, the technical service responsible for testing may repeat one or both of these tests on the upper mirror if this is less than 2 m from the ground.

5. Results of the test U.K.

5.1. In the tests described in point 4.2, the pendulum must continue to swing after impact in such a way that the projection of the position assumed by the arm on the plane of release makes an angle of at least 20 ° with the vertical. The accuracy of measurement of the angle shall be within ± 1 °. U.K.

5.1.1. This requirement is not applicable to mirrors stuck to the windscreen, in respect of which the requirement stipulated in point 5.2 shall apply after the test. U.K.

5.1.2. The required angle to the vertical is reduced from 20 ° to 10 ° for all Class II and Class IV rear-view mirrors and for Class III rear-view mirrors which are attached to the same mounting as Class IV mirrors. U.K.

5.2. Should the mounting of the mirror break during the tests described in point 4.2 for mirrors stuck to the windscreen, the part remaining must not project beyond the base by more than 10 mm and the configuration remaining after the test must satisfy the conditions laid down in point 1.3. U.K.

5.3. The reflecting surface must not break during the tests described in point 4.2. However breakage of the reflecting surface will be allowed if one of the following conditions is fulfilled: U.K.

5.3.1. The fragments of glass still adhere to the back of the housing or to a surface firmly attached to the housing; partial separation of the glass from its backing is admissible provided this does not exceed 2,5 mm on either side of the cracks. It is permissible for small splinters to become detached from the surface of the glass at the point of impact; U.K.

5.3.2. The reflecting surface is made of safety glass. U.K.

B. DEVICES FOR INDIRECT VISION OTHER THAN MIRRORS U.K.

1. General requirements U.K.

1.1. If adjustment by the user is needed, the device for indirect vision shall be adjustable without the use of tools. U.K.

1.2. If a device for indirect vision can only render the total prescribed field of vision by scanning the field of vision, the total process of scanning, rendering and reset to its initial position together shall not take more than two seconds. U.K.

2. Camera-monitor devices for indirect vision U.K.

2.1. General requirements U.K.

2.1.1. When the camera-monitor device for indirect vision is mounted on a plane surface, all parts, irrespective of the adjustment position of the device which are in potential, static contact with a sphere either 165 mm in diameter in the case of a monitor or 100 mm in diameter in the case of a camera, must have a radius of curvature ‘c’ of not less than 2,5 mm. U.K.

2.1.2. Edges of fixing holes or recesses of which the diameter or longest diagonal is less than 12 mm are exempt from the radius requirements of point 2.1.1 provided that they are blunted. U.K.

2.1.3. For parts of the camera and the monitor which are made of a material with a Shore A hardness of less than 60 and which are mounted on a rigid support, the requirements of point 2.1.1 shall only apply to the support. U.K.

2.2. Functional requirements U.K.

2.2.1. The camera should function well under low sunlight conditions. The camera shall provide a luminance contrast of at least 1:3 under low sun condition in a region outside the part of the image where the light source is reproduced (condition as defined in EN 12368:8.4). The light source shall illuminate the camera with 40 000 lx. The angle between the normal of the sensor plane and the line connecting the midpoint of the sensor and the light source shall be 10 °. U.K.

2.2.2. The monitor shall render a minimum contrast under various light conditions as specified by draft international standard ISO/DIS 15008 [2]. U.K.

2.2.3. It shall be possible to adjust the average luminance of the monitor either manually or automatically to the ambient conditions. U.K.

2.2.4. The measurements for the luminance contrast shall be carried out according to ISO/DIS 15008. U.K.

3. Other devices for indirect vision U.K.

It has to be proved that the device meets the following requirements:

3.1. The device shall perceive the visual spectrum and shall always render this image without the need for interpretation into the visual spectrum. U.K.

3.2. The functionality shall be guaranteed under the circumstances of use in which the system shall be put into service. Depending on the technology used in obtaining images and presenting them point 2.2 shall be entirely or partly applicable. In other cases this can be achieved by establishing and demonstrating by means of system sensitivity analogous to point 2.2 that a function is ensured that is comparable to or better than what is required for and by demonstrating that a functionality is guaranteed that is equivalent or better than that required for mirror- or camera-monitor devices for indirect vision. U.K.