Proceeds of Crime Act 2002

[F1 Supplementary U.K.

Textual Amendments

F1 Pt. 5 Chs. 3C-3F inserted (26.10.2023 for specified purposes) by Economic Crime and Corporate Transparency Act 2023 (c. 56), s. 219(1)(2)(b)(c), Sch. 9 para. 1

303Z63 Victims and other owners U.K.

(1) This section applies where converted cryptoassets are detained under this Chapter.

(2) Where this section applies, a person (“P”) who claims that the relevant cryptoassets belonged to P immediately before—

(a) the relevant cryptoassets were seized, or

(b) the crypto wallet freezing order was made in relation to the crypto wallet in which the relevant cryptoassets were held,

may apply to the relevant court for some or all of the converted cryptoassets to be released to P.

(3) The application may be made in the course of proceedings under section 303Z57, 303Z58 or 303Z60 or at any other time.

(4) The relevant court may order the converted cryptoassets to which the application relates to be released to the applicant if it appears to the relevant court that the condition in subsection (5) is met.

(5) The condition in this subsection is that—

(a) the applicant was deprived of the relevant cryptoassets, or of property which they represent, by unlawful conduct,

(b) the relevant cryptoassets the applicant was deprived of were not, immediately before the applicant was deprived of them, recoverable property, and

(c) the relevant cryptoassets belonged to the applicant immediately before—

(i) the relevant cryptoassets were seized, or

(ii) the crypto wallet freezing order was made in relation to the crypto wallet in which the relevant cryptoassets were held.

(6) If subsection (7) applies, the relevant court may order the converted cryptoassets to which the application relates to be released to the applicant or to the person from whom the relevant cryptoassets were seized.

(7) This subsection applies where—

(a) the applicant is not the person from whom the relevant cryptoassets were seized,

(b) it appears to the relevant court that the relevant cryptoassets belonged to the applicant immediately before—

(i) the relevant cryptoassets were seized, or

(ii) the crypto wallet freezing order was made in relation to the crypto wallet in which the relevant cryptoassets were held,

(c) the relevant court is satisfied that the release condition is met in relation to the converted cryptoassets, and

(d) no objection to the making of an order under subsection (6) has been made by the person from whom the relevant cryptoassets were seized.

(8) The release condition is met—

(a) if the conditions in this Chapter for the detention of the converted cryptoassets are no longer met, or

(b) in relation to converted cryptoassets which are subject to an application for forfeiture under section 303Z60, if the court or sheriff decides not to make an order under that section in relation to the converted cryptoassets.

(9) Where subsection (2)(b) applies, references in this section to a person from whom relevant cryptoassets were seized include a reference to a person by or for whom the crypto wallet mentioned in that provision was administered immediately before the crypto wallet freezing order was made in relation to the crypto wallet.

(10) In this section “the relevant cryptoassets” means—

(a) in relation to converted cryptoassets detained under section 303Z57, some or all of the cryptoassets mentioned in subsection (1) of that section, and

(b) in relation to converted cryptoassets detained under section 303Z58, some or all of the cryptoassets mentioned in subsection (1) of that section.

303Z64 Compensation U.K.

(1) This section applies if no order is made under section 303Z60 in respect of converted cryptoassets detained under this Chapter.

(2) Where this section applies, the following may make an application to the relevant court for compensation—

(a) a person to whom the relevant cryptoassets belonged immediately before they were seized;

(b) a person from whom the relevant cryptoassets were seized;

(c) a person by or for whom the crypto wallet mentioned in section 303Z58(1) was administered immediately before the crypto wallet freezing order was made in relation to the crypto wallet.

(3) If the relevant court is satisfied that—

(a) the applicant has suffered loss as a result of—

(i) the conversion of the relevant cryptoassets into money, or

(ii) the detention of the converted cryptoassets, and

(b) the circumstances are exceptional,

the relevant court may order compensation to be paid to the applicant.

(4) The amount of compensation to be paid is the amount the relevant court thinks reasonable, having regard to the loss suffered and any other relevant circumstances.

(5) If the relevant cryptoassets were seized, or the relevant crypto wallet freezing order was applied for, by an officer of Revenue and Customs, the compensation is to be paid by the Commissioners for His Majesty’s Revenue and Customs.

(6) If the relevant cryptoassets were seized, or the relevant crypto wallet freezing order was applied for, by a constable, the compensation is to be paid as follows—

(a) in the case of a constable of a police force in England and Wales, it is to be paid out of the police fund from which the expenses of the police force are met;

(b) in the case of a constable of the Police Service of Scotland, it is to be paid by the Scottish Police Authority;

(c) in the case of a police officer within the meaning of the Police (Northern Ireland) Act 2000, it is to be paid out of money provided by the Chief Constable of the Police Service of Northern Ireland.

(7) If the relevant cryptoassets were seized, or the relevant crypto wallet freezing order was applied for, by an SFO officer, the compensation is to be paid by the Director of the Serious Fraud Office.

(8) If the relevant cryptoassets were seized, or the relevant crypto wallet freezing order was applied for, by a National Crime Agency officer, the compensation is to be paid by the National Crime Agency.

(9) If the relevant cryptoassets were seized, or the relevant crypto wallet freezing order was applied for, by an accredited financial investigator who was not an officer of Revenue and Customs, a constable, an SFO officer or a National Crime Agency officer, the compensation is to be paid as follows—

(a) in the case of an investigator who was—

(i) a member of the civilian staff of a police force (including the metropolitan police force), within the meaning of Part 1 of the Police Reform and Social Responsibility Act 2011, or

(ii) a member of staff of the City of London police force,

it is to be paid out of the police fund from which the expenses of the police force are met,

(b) in the case of an investigator who was a member of staff of the Police Service of Northern Ireland, it is to be paid out of money provided by the Chief Constable of the Police Service of Northern Ireland,

(c) in the case of an investigator who was a member of staff of a department of the Government of the United Kingdom, it is to be paid by the Minister of the Crown in charge of the department or by the department,

(d) in the case of an investigator who was a member of staff of a Northern Ireland department, it is to be paid by the department,

(e) in the case of an investigator who was exercising a function of the Welsh Revenue Authority, it is to be paid by the Welsh Revenue Authority, and

(f) in any other case, it is to be paid by the employer of the investigator.

(10) The Secretary of State may by regulations amend subsection (9).

(11) The power in subsection (10) is exercisable by the Department of Justice (and not by the Secretary of State) so far as it may be used to make provision that—

(a) would be within the legislative competence of the Northern Ireland Assembly if contained in an Act of that Assembly, and

(b) would not, if contained in a Bill for an Act of the Northern Ireland Assembly, result in the Bill requiring the consent of the Secretary of State.

(12) In this section—

• “the relevant cryptoassets” means—

  (a)

  in relation to converted cryptoassets detained under section 303Z57, the cryptoassets mentioned in subsection (1) of that section;

  (b)

  in relation to converted cryptoassets detained under section 303Z58, the cryptoassets mentioned in subsection (1) of that section;

• “the relevant crypto wallet freezing order”, in relation to converted cryptoassets detained under section 303Z58, means the crypto wallet freezing order mentioned in subsection (1) of that section.

303Z65 Powers for prosecutors to appear in proceedings U.K.

(1) The Director of Public Prosecutions or the Director of Public Prosecutions for Northern Ireland may appear for a constable or an accredited financial investigator in proceedings under this Chapter if the Director—

(a) is asked by, or on behalf of, a constable or (as the case may be) an accredited financial investigator to do so, and

(b) considers it appropriate to do so.

(2) The Director of Public Prosecutions may appear for the Commissioners for His Majesty’s Revenue and Customs or an officer of Revenue and Customs in proceedings under this Chapter if the Director—

(a) is asked by, or on behalf of, the Commissioners for His Majesty’s Revenue and Customs or (as the case may be) an officer of Revenue and Customs to do so, and

(b) considers it appropriate to do so.

(3) The Directors may charge fees for the provision of services under this section.

(4) The references in subsection (1) to an accredited financial investigator do not include an accredited financial investigator who is an officer of Revenue and Customs but the references in subsection (2) to an officer of Revenue and Customs do include an accredited financial investigator who is an officer of Revenue and Customs.]