The Export of Goods (Control) Order 1992

Category 2 Materials Processing

Equipment, Assemblies and Components

2A  Technical Notes to 2A001 to 2A006:

1.  DN is the product of the bearing bore diameter in mm and the bearing rotational velocity in rpm.

2.  Operating temperatures include those temperatures obtained when a gas turbine engine has stopped after operation.

2A001

Ball bearings or solid roller bearings (except tapered roller bearings) having tolerances specified by the manufacturer in accordance with ISO Standard Class 4 (Annular Bearing Engineers Committee (ABEC) 7, ABEC 7P, ABEC 7T) or better, and having any of the following characteristics:

a. Rings, balls or rollers made from monel or beryllium;

b. Manufactured for use at operating temperatures above 573 K (300°C) either by using special materials or by special heat treatment; or

c. With lubricating elements or component modifications that, according to the manufacturer’s specifications, are specially designed to enable the bearings to operate at speeds exceeding 2·3 million DN.

2A002

Other ball bearings or solid roller bearings (except tapered roller bearings) having tolerances specified by the manufacturer in accordance with ISO Standard Class 2 (Annular Bearing Engineers Committee (ABEC) 9, ABEC 9P or better).

2A003

Solid tapered roller bearings, having tolerances specified by the manufacturer in accordance with American National Standards Institute (ANSI)/Anti—Friction Bearing Manufacturers Association (AFBMA) Class 00 (inch) or Class A (metric) or better and having either of the following characteristics:

a. With lubricating elements or component modifications that, according to the manufacturer’s specifications, are specially designed to enable the bearings to operate at speeds exceeding 2·3 million DN; or

b. Manufactured for use at operating temperatures below 219 K (−54°C) or above 423 K (150°C).

2A004

Gas—lubricated foil bearings manufactured for use at operating temperatures of561 K (288°C) or higher and with a unit load capacity exceeding 1 MPa.

2A005

Active magnetic bearing systems.

2A006

Fabric—lined self—aligning or fabric—lined journal sliding bearings manufactured for use at operating temperatures below 219 K (−54°C) or above 423 K (150°C).

2A007

Components, for goods specified in entries 2A001 to 2A006;

except:

Balls with tolerances specified by the manufacturer in accordance with ISO 3290 as grade 5 or worse.

2A225

Crucibles made of materials resistant to liquid actinide metals, as follows:

a. Crucibles with a volume of between 150 ml and 8 litres and made of or coated with any of the following materials having a purity of 98% or greater:

1.

Calcium fluoride (CaF₂);

2.

Calcium zirconate (metazirconate) (Ca₂ZrO₃);

3.

Cerium sulphide (Ce₂S₃);

4.

Erbium oxide (erbia) (Er₂O₃);

5.

Hafnium oxide (hafnia) (HfO₂);

6.

Magnesium oxide (MgO);

7.

Nitrided niobium—titanium—tungsten alloy (approximately 50% Nb, 30% Ti, 20%W);

8.

Yttrium oxide (yttria) (Y₂O₃); or

9.

Zirconium oxide (zirconia) (ZrO₂);

b. Crucibles with a volume of between 50 ml and 2 litres and made of or lined with tantalum, having a purity of 99·9% or greater;

c. Crucibles with a volume of between 50 ml and 2 litres and made of or lined with tantalum (having a purity of 98% or greater) coated with tantalum carbide, nitride or boride (or any combination of these).

2A226

Valves 5 mm or greater in diameter, with a bellows seal, wholly made of or lined with aluminium, aluminium alloy, nickel or alloy containing 60% or more nickel, either manually or automatically operated.

Test, Inspection and Production Equipment

2B  Note: Entries 2B001 to 2B009 do not specify measuring interferometer systems, without closed or open loop feedback, containing a laser to measure slide movement errors of machine—tools, dimensional inspection machines or similar equipment.

2B001

Numerical control units, motion control boards specially designed for numerical control applications on machine tools, machine tools, and specially designed components therefor, as follows:

Technical Notes:

1.  Secondary parallel contouring axes, e.g., the w—axis on horizontal boring mills or a secondary rotary axis the centre line of which is parallel to the primary rotary axis, are not counted in the total number of contouring axes.

NB: Rotary axes need not rotate over 360°. A rotary axis can be driven by a linear device, e.g., a screw or a rack—and—pinion.

2.  Axis nomenclature shall be in accordance with International Standard ISO 841, “Numerical Control Machines—Axis and Motion Nomenclature”.

a. Numerical control units for machine tools, as follows, and specially designed components therefor:

Note:Head a. of this entry does not specify numerical control units:

a. Modified for and incorporated in machines not specified in this entry; or

b. Specially designed for machines not specified in this entry.

1. Having more than four interpolating axes which can be coordinated simultaneously for contouring control;

2. Having two, three or four interpolating axes which can be coordinated simultaneously for contouring control and:

a. Capable of real time processing of data to modify, during the machining operation, tool path, feed rate and spindle data by either:

1. Automatic calculation and modification of part programme data for machining in two or more axes by means of measuring cycles and access to source data; or

2. Adaptive control with more than one physical variable measured and processing by means of a computing model (strategy) to change one or more machining instructions to optimize the process;

b. Capable of receiving directly (on—line) and processing computer aided design (CAD) data for internal preparation of machine instructions; or

c. Capable, without modification, according to the manufacturer’s technical specifications, of accepting additional boards which would permit an increase above the levels specified in this entry, in the number of interpolating axes which can be coordinated simultaneously for contouring control, even if they do not contain these additional boards;

b. Motion control boards specially designed for machine tools and having any of the following characteristics:

1. Interpolation in more than four axes;

2. Capable of real time processing as described in sub—head a.2.a. of this entry; or

3. Capable of receiving and processing CAD data as described in sub—head a.2.b. of this entry;

c. Machine tools, as follows, for removing or cutting metals, ceramics or composites, which, according to the manufacturer’s technical specifications, can be equipped with electronic devices for simultaneous contouring control in two or more axes:

1. Machine tools for turning, grinding, milling or any combination thereof which:

a. Have two or more axes which can be coordinated simultaneously for contouring control; and

b. Have any of the following characteristics:

1. Two or more contouring rotary axes;

Technical Note: The c axis on jig grinders used to maintain grinding wheels normal to the work surface is not considered a contouring rotary axis.

2. One or more contouring tilting spindles;

Note: Sub—head c.1.b.2. of this entry applies to machine tools for grinding or milling only.

3. Camming (axial displacement) in one revolution of the spindle less (better) than 0·0006mm total indicator reading (TIR);

Note: Sub—head c.1.b.3. of this entry applies to machine tools for turning only.

4. Run out (out—of—true running) in one revolution of the spindle less (better) than 0·0006mm TIR;

5. The positioning accuracies, with all compensations available, are less (better) than:

a. 0·001° on any rotary axis; or

b. 1. 0·004mm along any linear axis (overall positioning) for grinding machines;

2. 0·006mm along any linear axis (overall positioning) for turning or milling machines; or

Note: Sub—head c.1.b.5. of this entry does not specify milling or turning machine tools with a positioning accuracy along one axis, with all compensations available, equal to or more (worse) than 0·005mm.

Technical Note: The positioning accuracy of numerically controlled machine tools is to be determined and presented in accordance with ISO 230/2 paragraph 2.13, in conjunction with the requirements below:

a. Test conditions (paragraph 3):

1. For 12 hours before and during measurements, the machine tool and accuracy measuring equipment will be kept at the same ambient temperature. During the premeasurement time the slides of the machine will be continuously cycled in the same manner that the accuracy measurements will be taken;

2. The machine shall be equipped with any mechanical, electronic, or software compensation to be exported with the machine;

3. Accuracy of measuring equipment for the measurements shall be at least four times more accurate than the expected machine tool accuracy;

4. Power supply for slide drives shall be as follows:

a. Line voltage variation shall not exceed ±10% of nominal rated voltage;

b. Frequency variation shall not exceed ±2Hz of normal frequency;

c. Lineouts or interrupted service are not permitted.

b. Test programme (paragraph 4):

1. Feed rate (velocity of slides) during measurement shall be the rapid traverse rate;

N.B.: In the case of machine tools which generate optical quality surfaces, the feed rate shall be equal to or less than 50mm per minute;

2. Measurements shall be made in an incremental manner from one limit of the axis travel to the other without returning to the starting position for each move to the target position;

3. Axes not being measured shall be retained at mid travel during test of an axis;

c. Presentation of test results (paragraph 2):

The results of the measurements must include:

1. Positioning accuracy (A); and

2. The mean reversal error (B).

6. a. A positioning accuracy less (better) than 0·007mm; and

b. A slide motion from rest for all slides within 20% of a motion command input for inputs of less than 0·5 micrometre;

Technical Note: Minimum increment of motion test (slide motion from rest):

The test is conducted only if the machine tool is equipped with a control unit the minimum increment of which is less (better) than 0·5 micrometre. Prepare the machine for testing in accordance with ISO 230/2 paragraphs 3.1, 3.2, 3.3.

Conduct the test on each axis (slide) of the machine tool as follows:

a. Move the axis over at least 50% of the maximum travel in plus and minus directions twice at maximum feed rate, rapid traverse rate or jog control;

b. Wait at least 10 seconds;

c. With manual data input, input the minimum programmable increment of the control unit;

d. Measure the axis movement;

e. Clear the control unit with the servo null, reset or whatever clears any signal (voltage) in the servo loop;

f. Repeat steps b. to e. above five times, twice in the same direction of the axis travel and three times in the opposite direction of travel for a total of six test points;

g. If the axis movement is between 80% and 120% of the minimum programmable input for four of the six test points, the machine is controlled.

For rotary axes, the measurement is taken 200mm from the centre of rotation.

Notes:

1.  Sub—head c.1. of this entry does not specify cylindrical external, internal and external—internal grinding machines having all of the following characteristics:

a. Not centreless (shoe—type) grinding machines;

b. Limited to cylindrical grinding;

c. A maximum workpiece capacity of 150mm outside diameter or length;

d. Only two axes which can be coordinated simultaneously for contouring control; and

e. No contouring c axis.

2.  Sub—head c.1. of this entry does not specify machines designed specifically as jig grinders having both of the following characteristics:

a. Axes limited to x, y, c and a, where the c axis is used to maintain the grinding wheel normal to the work surface and the a axis is configured to grind barrel cams; and

b. A spindle run out not less (not better) than 0·0006mm.

3.  Sub—head c.1. of this entry does not specify tool or cutter grinding machines having all of the following characteristics:

a. Shipped as a complete system with software specially designed for the production of tools or cutters;

b. No more than two rotary axes which can be coordinated simultaneously for contouring control;

c. Run out (out—of—true running) in one revolution of the spindle not less (not better) than 0·0006mm TIR; and

d. The positioning accuracies, with all compensations available, are not less (not better) than:

1. 0·004mm along any linear axis for overall positioning; or

2. 0·001° on any rotary axis.

2. Electrical discharge machines (EDM) of the wire feed type which have five or more axes which can be coordinated simultaneously for contouring control;

3. Electrical discharge machines (EDM) of the non—wire type which have two or more rotary axes which can be coordinated simultaneously for contouring control;

4. Machine tools for removing metals, ceramics or composites:

a. By means of:

1. Water or other liquid jets, including those employing abrasive additives;

2. Electron beam; or

3. Laser beam; and

b. Having two or more rotary axes which:

1. Can be coordinated simultaneously for contouring control; and

2. Have a positioning accuracy of less (better) than 0·003°.

Technical Note: Machines capable of being simultaneously coordinated for contouring control, in two or more rotary axes or one or more tilting spindles, are specified in this entry regardless of the number of simultaneously coordinated contouring axes that can be controlled by the numerical control unit attached to the machine.

2B002

Non—numerically controlled machine tools for generating optical quality surfaces, as follows:

a. Turning machines using a single point cutting tool and having all of the following characteristics:

1.

Slide positioning accuracy less (better) than 0·0005mm per 300mm of travel;

2.

Bidirectional slide positioning repeatability less (better) than 0·00025mm per 300mm of travel;

3.

Spindle run out and camming less (better) than 0·0004mm TIR;

4.

Angular deviation of the slide movement (yaw, pitch and roll) less (better) than 2 seconds of arc, TIR, over full travel; and

5.

Slide perpendicularity less (better) than 0·001mm per 300mm of travel;

Technical Note: The bidirectional slide positioning repeatability (R) of an axis is the maximum value of the repeatability of positioning at any position along or around the axis determined using the procedure and under the conditions specified in part 2·11 of ISO 230/2: 1988.

b. Fly cutting machines having both of the following characteristics:

1.

Spindle run out and camming less (better) than 0·0004mm TIR; and

2.

Angular deviation of slide movement (yaw, pitch and roll) less (better) than2 seconds of arc, TIR, over full travel.

2B003

Numerically controlled or manual machine tools specially designed for cutting, finishing, grinding or honing either of the following classes of bevel or parallel axis hardened (Rc=40 or more) gears, and specially designed components, controls and accessories therefor:

a. Hardened bevel gears finished to a quality of better than ISO 1328 class 4; or

b. Hardened spur, helical and double—helical gears with a pitch diameter exceeding 1,250mm and a face width of 15% of pitch diameter or larger finished to a quality of ISO 1328 class 3 or better.

2B004

Hot isostatic presses, as follows, and specially designed dies, moulds, components, accessories and controls therefor(1):

a. Having a controlled thermal environment within the closed cavity and possessing a chamber cavity with an inside diameter of 406mm or more; and

b. Having:

1.

A maximum working pressure exceeding 207MPa;

2.

A controlled thermal environment exceeding 1,773K (1,500°C); or

3.

A facility for hydrocarbon impregnation and removal of resultant gaseous degradation products.

Technical Note: The inside chamber dimension is that of the chamber in which both the working temperature and the working pressure are achieved and does not include fixtures. That dimension will be the smaller of either the inside diameter of the pressure chamber or the inside diameter of the insulated furnace chamber, depending on which of the two chambers is located inside the other.

2B005

Equipment specially designed for the deposition, processing and in—process control of inorganic overlays, coatings and surface modifications, as follows, for non—electronic substrates, by processes shown in the Table and associated Notes following head d. of entry 2E003, and specially designed automated handling, positioning, manipulation and control components therefor:

a. Stored programme controlled chemical vapour deposition (CVD) production equipment with both of the following:

1.

Process modified for one of the following:

a.

Pulsating CVD;

b.

Controlled nucleation thermal decomposition (CNTD); or

c.

Plasma enhanced or plasma assisted CVD; and

2.

Either of the following:

a.

Incorporating high vacuum (equal to or less than 0·01Pa) rotating seals; or

b.

Incorporating in situ coating thickness control;

b. Stored programme controlled ion implantation production equipment having beam currents of 5mA or more;

c. Stored programme controlled electron beam physical vapour deposition (EB—PVD) production equipment incorporating:

1.

Power systems rated for over 80kW;

2.

A liquid pool level laser control system which regulates precisely the ingots feed rate; and

3.

A computer controlled rate monitor operating on the principle of photoluminescence of the ionised atoms in the evaporant stream to control the deposition rate of a coating containing two or more elements;

d. Stored programme controlled plasma spraying production equipment having either of the following characteristics:

1.

Operating at reduced pressure controlled atmosphere (equal to or less than 10kPa measured above and within 300mm of the gun nozzle exit) in a vacuum chamber capable of evacuation down to 0·01Pa prior to the spraying process; or

2.

Incorporating in situ coating thickness control;

e. Stored programme controlled sputter deposition production equipment capable of current densities of 0·1mA/mm² or higher at a deposition rate of 15 micrometre/hr or more;

f. Stored programme controlled cathodic arc deposition production equipment incorporating a grid of electromagnets for steering control of the arc spot on the cathode;

g. Stored programme controlled ion plating production equipment allowing for the in situ measurement of either:

1.

Coating thickness on the substrate and rate control; or

2.

Optical characteristics.

Note: Head g. of this entry does not specify standard ion plating coating equipment for cutting or machining tools.

2B006

Dimensional inspection or measuring systems or equipment, as follows:

a. Computer controlled, numerically controlled or stored programme controlled dimensional inspection machines, having both of the following characteristics:

1.

Two or more axes; and

2.

A one dimensional length measurement uncertainty equal to or less (better) than (1·25 + L/1,000) micrometre tested with a probe with an accuracy of less (better) than 0·2 micrometre (L is the measured length in mm);

b. Linear and angular displacement measuring instruments, as follows:

1.

Linear measuring instruments having any of the following characteristics:

a.

Non—contact type measuring systems with a resolution equal to or less (better) than 0·2 micrometre within a measuring range up to 0·2mm;

b.

Linear voltage differential transformer systems with both of the following characteristics:

1.

Linearity equal to or less (better) than 0·1% within a measuring range up to 5mm; and

2.

Drift equal to or less (better) than 0·1% per day at a standard ambient test room temperature ±1K; or

c.

Measuring systems having both of the following characteristics:

1.

Containing a laser; and

2.

Maintaining, for at least 12 hours, over a temperature range of ±1K around a standard temperature and at a standard pressure:

a.

A resolution over their full scale of 0·1 micrometre or less (better); and

b.

A measurement uncertainty equal to or less (better) than (0·2 + L/2,000) micrometre (L is the measured length in mm);

2.

Angular measuring instruments having an angular position deviation equal to or less (better) than 0·00025°;

Note: Sub—head b.2. of this entry does not specify optical instruments, such as autocollimators, using collimated light to detect angular displacement of a mirror.

c. Systems for simultaneous linear—angular inspection of hemishells, having both of the following characteristics:

1. Measurement uncertainty along any linear axis equal to or less (better) than3·5 micrometre per 5mm; and

2. Angular position deviation equal to or less (better) than 0·02°;

d. Equipment for measuring surface irregularities, by measuring optical scatter as a function of angle, with a sensitivity of 0·5nm or less (better).

Technical Notes:

1. The probe used in determining the measurement uncertainty of a dimensional inspection system shall be as described in Verein Deutscher Ingenieure (VDI)/Verband Deutscher Elektrotechniker (VDE) 2617 Parts 2, 3 and 4.

2. All measurement values in this entry represent permissible positive and negative deviations from the target value, i.e., not total band.

• Notes:

  1.

  Machine tools which can be used as measuring machines are specified if they meet or exceed the criteria specified for the machine tool function or the measuring machine function.

  2.

  A machine described in this entry is specified if it exceeds the threshold anywhere within its operating range.

  3.

  In this entry measurement uncertainty means the characteristic parameter which specifies in what range around the output value the correct value of the measurable variable lies with a confidence level of 95%. It includes the uncorrected systematic deviations, the uncorrected backlash and the random deviations (Reference: VDI/VDE 2617).

2B007

Robots, as follows, and specially designed controllers and end—effectors therefor(2):

a. Capable in real time of full three—dimensional image processing or full three—dimensional scene analysis to generate or modify programmes or to generate or modify numerical programme data;

Note: The scene analysis limitation does not include approximation of the third dimension by viewing at a given angle, or limited grey scale interpretation for the perception of depth or texture for the approved tasks (21/2D).

b. Specially designed to comply with national safety standards applicable to explosive munitions environments; or

c. Specially designed or rated as radiation—hardened beyond that necessary to withstand normal industrial (i.e.,non—nuclear industry) ionizing radiation.

2B008

Assemblies, units or inserts specially designed for machine tools, or for equipment specified in entries 2B006 or 2B007, as follows:

a. Spindle assemblies, consisting of spindles and bearings as a minimal assembly, with radial (run out) or axial (camming) axis motion in one revolution of the spindle less (better) than 0·0006mm TIR;

b. Linear position feedback units (e.g.,inductive type devices, graduated scales, infrared systems or laser systems) having an overall accuracy less (better) than(800 + (600 × L × 10−³)) nm (L equals the effective length in mm);

c. Rotary position feedback units, e.g.,inductive type devices, graduated scales, infrared systems or laser systems, having an accuracy less (better) than 0·00025°;

d. Slide way assemblies consisting of a minimal assembly of ways, bed and slide having all of the following characteristics:

1.

A yaw, pitch or roll of less (better) than 2 seconds of arc TIR over full travel;

2.

A horizontal straightness of less (better) than 2 micrometre per 300mm length; and

3.

A vertical straightness of less (better) than 2 micrometre per 300mm length;

e. Single point diamond cutting tool inserts, having all of the following characteristics:

1.

Flawless and chip—free cutting edge when magnified 400 times in any direction;

2.

Cutting radius from 0·1 to 5mm inclusive; and

3.

Cutting radius out—of—roundness less (better) than 0·002mm TIR.

2B009

Specially designed printed circuit boards with mounted components and software therefor, or compound rotary tables or tilting spindles, capable of upgrading, according to the manufacturer’s specifications, numerical control units, machine tools or feed—back devices to or above the levels specified in entries 2B001 to 2B008.

2B104

Equipment and process controls designed or modified for densification and pyrolysis of structural composite rocket nozzles and reentry vehicle nose tips.

Note: The only isostatic presses and furnaces specified in this entry are as follows:

a. Isostatic presses, other than those specified in entry 2B004, having all the following characteristics:

1.

Maximum working pressure of 69MPa or greater;

2.

Designed to achieve and maintain a controlled thermal environment of 873K (600°C) or greater; and

3.

Possessing a chamber cavity with an inside diameter of 254mm or greater;

b. CVD furnaces designed or modified for the densification of carbon—carbon composites.

2B115

Flow—forming machines, and specially designed components therefor(3), which:

a. According to the manufacturer’s technical specification, can be equipped with numerical control units or a computer control, even when not equipped with such units; and

b. With more than two axes which can be coordinated simultaneously for contouring control.

Technical Note: Machines combining the function of spin—forming and flow—forming are for the purpose of this entry regarded as flow—forming machines.

2B116

Vibration test equipment using digital control techniques, and feedback or closed loop test equipment therefor, capable of vibrating a system at 10g RMS or more between 20Hz and 2000Hz and imparting forces of 50kN or greater.

2B204

Isostatic presses, other than those specified in entries 2B004 or 2B104, capable of achieving a maximum working pressure of 69MPa or greater and having a chamber cavity with an inside diameter in excess of 152mm and specially designed dies, moulds and controls therefor.

2B207

Robots and end—effectors, other than those specified in entry 2B007, specially designed to comply with national safety standards applicable to handling high explosives (for example, meeting electrical code ratings for high explosives) and specially designed controllers therefor.

2B215

Spin—forming and flow—forming machines, other than those specified in entry 2B115, and precision rotor—forming mandrels designed to form cylindrical rotors of inside diameter between 75mm and 400mm therefor, which:

a. According to the manufacturer’s technical specification, can be equipped with numerical control units or a computer control; and

b. With two or more axes that can be coordinated simultaneously for contouring control.

Technical Note: The only spin—forming machines specified in this entry are those combining the function of spin—forming and flow—forming.

2B225

Remote manipulators that provide mechanical translation of human operator actions by electrical, hydraulic or mechanical means to an operating arm and terminal fixture that can be used to provide remote actions in radiochemical separation operations and hot cells, as follows:

a. Having a capability of penetrating 0·6m or more of cell wall; or

b. Having a capability to bridge over the top of a cell wall with a thickness of 0·6m or more.

2B226

Vacuum or controlled environment (inert gas) induction furnaces capable of operating above 1,123K (850°C) and having induction coils 600mm or less in diameter and specially designed power supplies therefor with an output rating of 5kW or more(4).

Note: This entry does not specify furnaces designed for the processing of semiconductor wafers.

2B227

Vacuum and controlled atmosphere metallurgical melting and casting furnaces as follows; and specially configured computer control and monitoring systems therefor:

a. Arc remelt and casting furnaces with consumable electrode capacities between 1000cm³ and 20,000cm³, capable of operating with melting temperatures above 1973K (1700°C);

b. Electron beam melting and plasma atomization and melting furnaces, with a power of 50kW or greater, capable of operating with melting temperatures above 1473K (1200°C).

2B228

Rotor fabrication and assembly equipment and bellows—forming mandrels and dies, as follows:

a. Rotor assembly equipment for assembly of gas centrifuge rotor tube sections, baffles and end caps, including associated precision mandrels, clamps and shrink fit machines.

b. Rotor straightening equipment for alignment of gas centrifuge rotor tube sections to a common axis.

Technical Note: Normally such equipment will consist of precision measuring probes linked to a computer that subsequently controls the action of, for example, pneumatic rams used for aligning the rotor tube sections.

c. Bellows—forming mandrels and dies for producing single—convolution bellows (bellows made of high—strength aluminium alloys, maraging steel or high strength filamentary materials). The bellows have all of the following dimensions:

1.

75mm to 400mm inside diameter;

2.

12·7mm or more in length; and

3.

Single convolution depth more than 2mm.

2B229

Centrifugal multiplane balancing machines, fixed or portable, horizontal or vertical, as follows:

a. Centrifugal balancing machines designed for balancing flexible rotors having a length of 600mm or more and having all of the following characteristics:

1.

A swing or journal diameter of 75mm or more;

2.

Mass capability of from 0·9 to 23kg; and

3.

Capable of balancing speed of revolution more than 5000rpm;

b. Centrifugal balancing machines designed for balancing hollow cylindrical rotor components and having all of the following characteristics:

1.

A journal diameter of 75mm or more;

2.

Mass capability of from 0·9 to 23kg;

3.

Capable of balancing to a residual imbalance of 0·01kg mm/kg per plane or better; and

4.

Belt drive type.

2B230

Instruments capable of measuring pressures up to 13kPa to an accuracy of better than 1% (full—scale), with corrosion—resistant pressure—sensing elements constructed of nickel, nickel alloys, phosphor bronze, stainless steel, aluminium or aluminium alloys.

2B231

Vacuum pumps with an input throat size of 380mm or greater with a pumping speedof 15,000 litres/s or greater and capable of producing an ultimate vacuum better than13 mPa.

Technical Note: The ultimate vacuum is determined at the input of the pump with the input of the pump blocked off.

2B232

Multistage light gas gun or other high—velocity gun systems (coil, electromagnetic, electrothermal or other advanced systems) capable of accelerating projectiles to 2km/s or greater.

2B350

Chemical manufacturing facilities and equipment, as follows:

a. Reactor vessels, with or without agitators, with a total volume greater than 0·1m³ and less than 15m³;

b. Storage tanks and containers, with a total volume greater than 0·1m³;

c. Heat exchangers;

d. Distillation columns of diameter greater than 0·1m;

e. Condensers;

f. Degassing equipment;

Note: Heads a. to f. of this entry are only specified when all surfaces that come in direct contact with the chemical(s) being processed or contained are made from any of the following:

a.

Nickel or alloys with more than 40% nickel by weight;

b.

Alloys with more than 25% nickel and 20% chromium by weight;

c.

Glass; or

d.

Graphite (for heat exchangers only).

g. Remotely operated filling equipment in which all surfaces that come in direct contact with the fluid are made from any of the following materials:

1.

Nickel or alloys with more than 40% nickel by weight; or

2.

Alloys with more than 25% nickel and 20% chromium by weight;

h. Bellows valves, diaphragm valves or double seal valves incorporating a leak detection port, and multi—walled piping incorporating a leak detection port, in which all surfaces that come in direct contact with the fluids are made from the following materials:

1.

Nickel or alloys with more than 40% nickel by weight;

2.

Alloys with more than 25% nickel and 20% chromium by weight; or

3.

Fluoropolymers including PTFE, PVDF, PFA;

i. Double—seal, canned drive, magnetic drive, bellows or diaphragm pumps in which all surfaces that come in direct contact with the fluid are made from the following materials:

1.

Nickel or alloys with more than 40% nickel by weight;

2.

Alloys with more than 25% nickel and 20% chromium by weight;

3.

Fluoropolymers including PTFE, PVDF, PFA; or

4.

Tantalum;

j. Incinerators designed to destroy chemicals specified in entry 1C350, with special handling facilities, with an average combustion chamber temperature greater than 1273K (1000°C), in which all surfaces in the waste supply system that come into direct contact with the waste products are made from or lined with the following materials:

1.

Nickel or alloys with more than 40% nickel by weight;

2.

Alloys with more than 25% nickel and 20% chromium by weight; or

3.

Ceramics.

2B351

Toxic gas monitoring systems, with the following characteristics:

a. Capable of detecting chemical warfare agents and chemicals specified in entry 1C350 as well as phosphorus, sulphur, fluorine, chlorine or their compounds, at a concentration of less than 0·3mg/m³ of air and capable of continuous operation; or

b. Capable of detecting compounds having an anticholinesterase function.

2B352

Equipment capable of use in biological manufacturing, as follows;

a. Containment facilities at Containment Level (ACDP) 3 or 4, and related equipment, as follows:

1.

Facilities that meet the criteria for Containment Level 3 or 4 as specified in guidance from the Advisory Committee on Dangerous Pathogens approved by the Health and Safety Commission (published by HMSO, Second Edition 1990);

Note: The criteria for Containment Level 3 or 4 in head a.of this entry are equivalent to the criteria for P3 or P4, BL3 or BL4, L3 or L4 containment as specified in the WHO Laboratory Biosafety manual (Geneva, 1983).

2.

Independently ventilated protective full or half suits;

3.

Biological safety cabinets or isolators, which allow manual operations to be performed within, whilst providing an environment equivalent to Class III biological protection;

Note: In this entry, isolators include flexible isolators, dry boxes, anaerobic chambers and glove boxes.

b. Fermenters, bioreactors, chemostats and continuous—flow systems, capable of operation without the propagation of aerosols, having all the following characteristics:

1.

Capacity of 300 litres or more;

2.

Double or multiple sealing joints within the steam containment area; and

3.

Capable of in—situ sterilisation in a closed state;

c. Centrifugal separators or decanters, capable of continuous separation without the propagation of aerosols, having all the following characteristics:

1.

Flow rate exceeding 100 litres per hour;

2.

Components of polished stainless steel or titanium;

3.

Double or multiple sealing joints within the steam containment area; and

4.

Capable of in—situ sterilisation in a closed state;

d. Cross—flow filtration equipment, designed for continuous separation without the propagation of aerosols, having both of the following characteristics:

1.

Equal to or greater than 5 square metres; and

2.

Capable of in—situ sterilisation;

e. Steam sterilisable freeze drying equipment with a condenser capacity exceeding 50 kg of ice in 24 hours and less than 1,000 kg of ice in 24 hours;

f. Chambers designed for aerosol challenge testing with pathogenic microorganisms or toxins and having a capacity of 1 m³ or greater.

Materials

2C  None.

Software

2D001

Software specially designed or modified for the development, production or use of goods specified in entries 2A001 to 2A007 or 2B001 to 2B009.

2D002

Specific software, as follows:

a. Software to provide adaptive control and having both of the following characteristics:

1.

For flexible manufacturing units (FMUs) which consist at least of equipment described in b.1. and b.2. of the definition of flexible manufacturing unit; and

2.

Capable of generating or modifying, in real time processing, programmes or data by using the signals obtained simultaneously by means of at least two detection techniques, such as:

a.

Machine vision (optical ranging);

b.

Infrared imaging;

c.

Acoustical imaging (acoustical ranging);

d.

Tactile measurement;

e.

Inertial positioning;

f.

Force measurement;

g.

Torque measurement;

Note: Head a. of this entry does not specify software which only provides rescheduling of functionally identical equipment within flexible manufacturing units using pre—stored part programmes and a pre—stored strategy for the distribution of the part programmes.

b. Software for electronic devices other than those described in heads a. or .b of entry 2B001, which provides the numerical control capability of the goods specified in entry 2B001.

Note: Entry 2B001 and this entry specify any combination of electronic devices or systems that collectively contain software enabling such devices or systems to function as a numerical control unit capable of coordinating simultaneously more than 4 axes for contouring control.

2D101

Software specially designed for the use of goods specified in entries 2B104, 2B115 or 2B116(5).

2D201

Software specially designed for the use of goods specified in entries 2B204, 2B207, 2B215, 2B227 or 2B229.

Technology

2E001

Technology required for the development of goods specified in sub—categories 2A, 2B or 2D.

2E002

Technology required for the production of goods specified in sub—categories 2A or 2B.

2E003

The export of goods specified in this entry is only prohibited to any destination in any country listed in Schedule 2.

Other technology, as follows:

a. Technology:

1.

For the development of interactive graphics as an integrated part in numerical control units for preparation or modification of part programmes;

2.

For the development of generators of machine tool instructions (e.g., part programmes) from design data residing inside numerical control units;

3.

For the development of integration software for incorporation of expert systems for advanced decision support of shop floor operations into numerical control units;

b. Technology for metal—working manufacturing processes, as follows:

1.

Technology for the design of tools, dies or fixtures specially designed for the following processes:

a.

Superplastic forming;

b.

Diffusion bonding;

c.

Direct—acting hydraulic pressing;

2.

Technical data consisting of process methods or parameters as listed below used to control:

a. Superplastic forming of aluminium alloys, titanium alloys or superalloys:

1.

Surface preparation;

2.

Strain rate;

3.

Temperature;

4.

Pressure;

b. Diffusion bonding of superalloys or titanium alloys:

1.

Surface preparation;

2.

Temperature;

3.

Pressure;

c. Direct—acting hydraulic pressing of aluminium alloys or titanium alloys:

1.

Pressure;

2.

Cycle time;

d. Hot isostatic densification of titanium alloys, aluminium alloys or superalloys:

1.

Temperature;

2.

Pressure;

3.

Cycle time;

c. Technology for the development or production of hydraulic stretch—forming machines and dies therefor, for the manufacture of airframe structures;

d. Technology for:

• The application of inorganic overlay coatings or inorganic surface modification coatings, specified in column 3 of the following Table;

• To non—electronic substrates, specified in column 2 of the following Table;

• By processes specified in column 1 of the following Table and defined in the Technical Note;

• &The numbers in parenthesis refer to the Notes following this Table.)

  Table—Deposition Techniques

  1.Coating Process (1)&	2.Substrate	3.Resultant Coating
  A.  Chemical Vapour Deposition (CVD)	Superalloys	Aluminides for internal passages
  	Ceramics and low—expansion glasses (14)	Silicides Carbides Dielectric layers (15)
  	Carbon—carbon, ceramic and metal matrix composites	Silicides Carbides Refractory metals Mixtures thereof (4) Dielectric layers (15) Aluminides Alloyed aluminides (2)
  	Cemented tungsten carbide (16), silicon carbide	Carbides Tungsten Mixtures thereof (4) Dielectric layers (15) Dielectric layers (15)
  	Molybdenum and molybdenum alloys Beryllium and beryllium alloys	Dielectric layers (15)
  	Sensor window materials (9)	Dielectric layers (15)
  B.  Thermal—Evaporation Physical Vapour Deposition (TE—PVD)
  1.  Physical Vapour Deposition (PVD): Electron—Beam (EB—PVD)	Superalloys	Alloyed silicides Alloyed aluminides (2) MCrA1X (5) Modified zirconia (12) Silicides Aluminides Mixtures thereof (4)
  	Ceramics and low—expansion glasses (14)	Dielectric layers (15)
  	Corrosion resistant steel (7)	MCrA1X (5) Modified zirconia (12) Mixtures thereof (4)
  	Carbon—carbon, ceramic and metal matrix composites	Silicides Carbides Refractory metals Mixtures thereof (4) Dielectric layers (15)
  	Cemented tungsten carbide (16), silicon carbide	Carbides Tungsten Mixtures thereof (4) Dielectric layers (15)
  	Molybdenum and molybdenum alloys	Dielectric layers (15)
  	Beryllium and beryllium alloys	Dielectric layers (15) Borides
  	Sensor window materials (9)	Dielectric layers (15)
  	Titanium alloys (13)	Borides Nitrides
  B.2.  Ion assisted resistive heating Physical Vapour Deposition (Ion Plating)	Ceramics and low—expansion glasses (14)	Dialectric layers (15)
  	Carbon—carbon, ceramic and metal matrix composites	Dielectric layers (15)
  	Cemented tungsten carbide (16), silicon carbide	Dielectric layers (15)
  	Molybdenum and molybdenum alloys	Dielectric layers (15)
  	Beryllium and beryllium alloys	Dielectric layers (15)
  	Sensor window materials (9)	Dielectric layers (15)
  B.3.  Physical Vapour Deposition: laser evaporation	Ceramics and low—expansion glasses (14)	Silicides Dielectric layers (15)
  	Carbon—carbon, ceramic and metal matrix composites	Dielectric layers (15)
  	Cemented tungsten carbide (16), silicon carbide	Dielectric layers (15)
  	Molybdenum and molybdenum alloys	Dielectric layers (15)
  	Beryllium and beryllium alloys	Dielectric layers (15)
  	Sensor window materials (9)	Dielectric layers (15) Diamond—like carbon
  B.4.  Physical Vapour Deposition: cathodic arc discharge	Superalloys	Alloyed silicides Alloyed aluminides (2) MCrA1X (5)
  	Polymers (11) and organic matrix composites	Borides Carbides Nitrides
  C.  Pack cementation (see A above for out—of—pack cementation) (10)	Carbon—carbon, ceramic and metal matrix composites	Silicides Carbides Mixtures thereof (4)
  	Titanium alloys (13)	Silicides Aluminides Alloyed aluminides (2)
  	Refractory metals and alloys (8)	Silicides Oxides
  D.  Plasma spraying	Superalloys	MCrA1X (5) Modified zirconia (12) Mixtures thereof (4) Abradable Nickel—Graphite Abradable Ni—Cr—Al—Bentonite Abradable Al—Si—Polyester Alloyed aluminides (2)
  	Aluminium alloys (6)	MCrA1X (5) Modified zirconia (12) Silicides Mixtures thereof (4)
  	Refractory metals and alloys (8)	Aluminides Silicides Carbides
  	Corrosion resistant steel (7)	Modified zirconia (12) Mixtures thereof (4)
  	Titanium alloys (13)	Carbides Aluminides Silicides Alloyed aluminides (2) Abradable Nickel—Graphite Abradable Ni—Cr—Al—Bentonite Abradable Al—Si—Polyester
  E.  Slurry Deposition	Refractory metals and alloys (8)	Fused silicides Fused aluminides except for resistance heating elements
  	Carbon—carbon, ceramic and metal matrix composites	Silicides Carbides Mixtures thereof (4)
  F.  Sputter Deposition	Superalloys	Alloyed silicides Alloyed aluminides (2) Noble metal modified aluminides (3) MCrA1X (5) Modified zirconia (12) Platinum Mixtures thereof (4)
  	Ceramics and low—expansion glasses (14)	Silicides Platinum Mixtures thereof (4) Dielectric layers (15)
  	Titanium alloys (13)	Borides Nitrides Oxides Silicides Aluminides Alloyed aluminides (2) Carbides
  	Carbon—carbon, ceramic and metal matrix composites	Silicides Carbides Refractory metals Mixtures thereof (4) Dielectric layers (15)
  	Cemented tungsten carbide (16), silicon carbide	Carbides Tungsten Mixtures thereof (4) Dielectric layers (15)
  	Molybdenum and molybdenum alloys	Dielectric layers (15)
  	Beryllium and beryllium alloys	Borides Dielectric layers (15)
  	Sensor window materials (9)	Dielectric layers (15)
  	Refractory metals and alloys (8)	Aluminides Silicides Oxides Carbides
  G.  Ion Implantation	High temperature bearing steels	Additions of chromium, tantalum or niobium (columbium)
  	Titanium alloys (13)	Borides Nitrides
  	Beryllium and beryllium alloys	Borides
  	Cemented tungsten carbide (16)	Carbides Nitrides

Table—Deposition Techniques—Notes

(1) The term `coating process' includes coating repair and refurbishing as well as original coating.

(2) The term `alloyed aluminide coating' includes single or multiple—step coatings in which an element or elements are deposited prior to or during application of the aluminide coating, even if these elements are deposited by another coating process. It does not, however, include the multiple use of single—step pack cementation processes to achieve alloyed aluminides.

3.  The term `noble metal modified aluminide' coating includes multiple—step coatings in which the noble metal or noble metals are laid down by some other coating process prior to application of the aluminide coating.

4.  Mixtures consist of infiltrated material, graded compositions, co—deposits and multilayer deposits and are obtained by one or more of the coating processes specified in the Table.

5.  MCrAlX refers to a coating alloy where M equals cobalt, iron, nickel or combinations thereof and X equals hafnium, yttrium, silicon, tantalum in any amount or other intentional additions over 0·01 weight percent in various proportions and combinations; except:

a. CoCrAlY coatings which contain less than 22 weight percent of chromium, less than 7 weight percent of aluminium and less than 2 weight percent of yttrium;

b. CoCrAlY coatings which contain 22 to 24 weight percent of chromium, 10 to 12 weight percent of aluminium and 0·5 to 0·7 weight percent of yttrium; or

c. NiCrAlY coatings which contain 21 to 23 weight percent of chromium, 10 to 12 weight percent of aluminium and 0·9 to 1·1 weight percent of yttrium.

6.  The term `aluminium alloys' refers to alloys having an ultimate tensile strength of 190MPa or more measured at 293K (20°C).

7.  The term `corrosion resistant steel' refers to AISI (American Iron and Steel Institute) 300 series or equivalent national standard steels.

8.  Refractory metals consist of the following metals and their alloys: niobium (columbium), molybdenum, tungsten and tantalum.

9.  Sensor window materials, as follows: alumina, silicon, germanium, zinc sulphide, zinc selenide, gallium arsenide and the following metal halides: potassium iodide, potassium fluoride, or sensor window materials of more than 40mm diameter for thallium bromide and thallium chlorobromide.

10.  Technology for single—step pack cementation of solid airfoils is not specified in Category 2.

11. Polymers, as follows: polyimide, polyester, polysulphide, polycarbonates and polyurethanes.

12. Modified zirconia refers to additions of other metal oxides, e.g., calcia, magnesia, yttria, hafnia, rare earth oxides, etc, to zirconia in order to stabilise certain crystallographic phases and phase compositions. Thermal barrier coatings made of zirconia, modified with calcia or magnesia by mixing or fusion, are not controlled.

13. Titanium alloys refers to aerospace alloys having an ultimate tensile strength of 900 MPa or more measured at 293K (20°C).

14. Low—expansion glasses refers to glasses which have a coefficient of thermal expansion of 1×10⁷− K¹− or less measured at 293K (20°C).

15. Dielectric layers are coatings constructed of multi—layers of insulator materials in which the interference properties of a design composed of materials of various refractive indices are used to reflect, transmit or absorb various wavelength bands. Dielectric layers refers to more than four dielectric layers or dielectric/metal composite layers.

16. Cemented tungsten carbide does not include cutting and forming tool materials consisting of tungsten carbide/(cobalt, nickel), titanium carbide/(cobalt, nickel), chromium carbide/nickel—chromium and chromium carbide/nickel.

Table—Deposition Techniques—Technical Note

Processes specified in Column 1 of the Table are defined as follows:

a. Chemical Vapour Deposition (CVD) is an overlay coating or surface modification coating process wherein a metal, alloy, composite, dielectric or ceramic is deposited upon a heated substrate. Gaseous reactants are decomposed or combined in the vicinity of a substrate resulting in the deposition of the desired elemental, alloy or compound material on the substrate.

Energy for this decomposition or chemical reaction process may be provided by the heat of the substrate, a glow discharge plasma, or laser irradiation.

Notes:

1.

CVD includes the following processes: directed gas flow out—of—pack deposition, pulsating CVD, controlled nucleation thermal decomposition (CNTD), plasma enhanced or plasma assisted CVD processes.

2.

Pack denotes a substrate immersed in a powder mixture.

3.

The gaseous reactants used in the out—of—pack process are produced using the same basic reactions and parameters as the pack cementation process, except: that the substrate to be coated is not in contact with the powder mixture.

b. Thermal Evaporation—Physical Vapour Deposition (TE—PVD) is an overlay coating process conducted in a vacuum with a pressure less than 0·1Pa wherein a source of thermal energy is used to vaporize the coating material. This process results in the condensation, or deposition, of the evaporated species onto appropriately positioned substrates.

The addition of gases to the vacuum chamber during the coating process to synthesize compound coatings is an ordinary modification of the process.

The use of ion or electron beams, or plasma, to activate or assist the coating’s deposition is also a common modification in this technique. The use of monitors to provide in—process measurement of optical characteristics and thickness of coatings can be a feature of these processes.

Specific TE—PVD processes are as follows:

1.

Electron beam PVD uses an electron beam to heat and evaporate the material which forms the coating;

2.

Resistive heating PVD employs electrically resistive heating sources capable of producing a controlled and uniform flux of evaporated coating species;

3.

Laser evaporation uses either pulsed or continuous wave laser beams to heat the material which forms the coating;

4.

Cathodic arc deposition employs a consumable cathode of the material which forms the coating and has an arc discharge established on the surface by a momentary contact of a ground trigger. Controlled motion of arcing erodes the cathode surface creating a highly ionized plasma. The anode can be either a cone attached to the periphery of the cathode, through an insulator, or the chamber. Substrate biasing is used for non line—of—sight deposition.

Note: This definition does not include random cathodic arc deposition with non—biased substrates.

c. Ion plating is a special modification of a general TE—PVD process in which a plasma or an ion source is used to ionize the species to be deposited, and a negative bias is applied to the substrate in order to facilitate the extraction of the species to be deposited from the plasma. The introduction of reactive species, evaporation of solids within the process chamber, and the use of monitors to provide in—process measurement of optical characteristics and thicknesses of coatings are ordinary modifications of the process.

d. Pack cementation is a surface modification coating or overlay coating process wherein a substrate is immersed in a powder mixture (a pack), that consists of:

1.

The metallic powders that are to be deposited (usually aluminium, chromium, silicon or combinations thereof);

2.

An activator (normally a halide salt); and

3.

An inert powder, most frequently alumina.

The substrate and powder mixture is contained within a retort which is heated to between 1,030K (757°C) and 1,375K (1,102°C) for sufficient time to deposit the coating.

e. Plasma spraying is an overlay coating process wherein a gun (spray torch) which produces and controls a plasma accepts powder or wire coating materials, melts them and propels them towards a substrate, whereon an integrally bonded coating is formed. Plasma spraying constitutes either low pressure plasma spraying or high velocity plasma spraying carried out underwater.

Notes:

1.

Low pressure means less than ambient atmospheric pressure.

2.

High velocity refers to nozzle—exit gas velocity exceeding 750m/s calculated at 293K (20°C) at 0·1MPa.

e. Slurry deposition is a surface modification coating or overlay coating process wherein a metallic or ceramic powder with an organic binder is suspended in a liquid and is applied to a substrate by either spraying, dipping or painting, subsequent air or oven drying, and heat treatment to obtain the desired coating.

g. Sputter deposition is an overlay coating process based on a momentum transfer phenomenon, wherein positive ions are accelerated by an electric field towards the surface of a target (coating material). The kinetic energy of the impacting ions is sufficient to cause target surface atoms to be released and deposited on an appropriately positioned substrate.

Notes:

1.

The Table refers only to triode, magnetron or reactive sputter deposition which is used to increase adhesion of the coating and rate of deposition and to radio frequency (RF) augmented sputter deposition used to permit vapourisation of non—metallic coating materials.

2.

Low—energy ion beams (less than 5 keV) can be used to activate the deposition.

h. Ion implantation is a surface modification coating process in which the element to be alloyed is ionized, accelerated through a potential gradient and implanted into the surface region of the substrate. This includes processes in which ion implantation is performed simultaneously with electron beam physical vapour deposition or sputter deposition.

2E101

Technology required for the use of equipment or software specified in entries 2B004, 2B104, 2B115, 2B116 or 2D101.

2E201

Technology required for the use of equipment or software specified in entries 2A225, 2A226, 2B001, 2B006, head b. of entry 2B007, head c. of entry 2B007, or entries 2B008, 2B009, 2B204, 2B207, 2B215, 2B225 to 2B232 or 2D201.

(1)

See also Entries 2B104 and 2B204.

(2)

See also Entry 2B207.

(3)

See also entry 2B215.

(4)

See also Sub—category 3B.

(5)

See also entry 9D004(a).