<akomaNtoso xmlns:uk="https://www.legislation.gov.uk/namespaces/UK-AKN" xmlns:ukl="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/namespaces/legislation" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://docs.oasis-open.org/legaldocml/ns/akn/3.0" xsi:schemaLocation="http://docs.oasis-open.org/legaldocml/ns/akn/3.0 http://docs.oasis-open.org/legaldocml/akn-core/v1.0/cos01/part2-specs/schemas/akomantoso30.xsd"><act name="ukpga"><meta><identification source="#"><FRBRWork><FRBRthis value="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1857/44"/><FRBRuri value="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1857/44"/><FRBRdate date="1857-08-17" name="enacted"/><FRBRauthor href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/legislature/UnitedKingdomParliament"/><FRBRcountry value="GB-UKM"/><FRBRnumber value="44"/><FRBRname value="1857 c. 44"/><FRBRprescriptive value="true"/></FRBRWork><FRBRExpression><FRBRthis value="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1857/44/2020-04-01"/><FRBRuri value="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1857/44/2020-04-01"/><FRBRdate date="2020-04-01" name="validFrom"/><FRBRauthor href="#"/><FRBRlanguage language="eng"/></FRBRExpression><FRBRManifestation><FRBRthis value="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1857/44/2020-04-01/data.akn"/><FRBRuri value="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1857/44/2020-04-01/data.akn"/><FRBRdate date="2026-08-12+01:00" name="transform"/><FRBRauthor href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk"/><FRBRformat value="application/akn+xml"/></FRBRManifestation></identification><lifecycle source="#"><eventRef refersTo="#enactment" date="1857-08-17" eId="date-enacted" source="#"/><eventRef date="1999-05-20" eId="date-1999-05-20" source="#"/><eventRef date="2011-04-04" eId="date-2011-04-04" source="#"/><eventRef date="2020-04-01" eId="date-2020-04-01" source="#"/></lifecycle><analysis source="#"><restrictions source="#"><restriction refersTo="#extent-e+w+s+ni" type="jurisdiction"/><restriction href="#body" refersTo="#extent-e+w+s+ni" type="jurisdiction"/><restriction href="#section-1" refersTo="#extent-e+w+s+ni" type="jurisdiction"/><restriction href="#section-2" refersTo="#extent-e+w+s+ni" type="jurisdiction"/><restriction href="#section-3" refersTo="#extent-e+w+s+ni" type="jurisdiction"/><restriction href="#section-4" refersTo="#extent-e+w+s+ni" type="jurisdiction"/><restriction href="#section-4-1" refersTo="#extent-s" type="jurisdiction"/><restriction href="#section-4-2" refersTo="#extent-s" type="jurisdiction"/><restriction href="#section-5" refersTo="#extent-e+w+s+ni" type="jurisdiction"/><restriction refersTo="#period-from-2020-04-01" type="jurisdiction"/><restriction href="#preface" refersTo="#period-from-2011-04-04" type="jurisdiction"/><restriction href="#body" refersTo="#period-from-2020-04-01" type="jurisdiction"/><restriction href="#section-1" refersTo="#period-from-1999-05-20" type="jurisdiction"/><restriction href="#section-2" refersTo="#period-from-1999-05-20" type="jurisdiction"/><restriction href="#section-3" refersTo="#period-from-1999-05-20" type="jurisdiction"/><restriction href="#section-4" refersTo="#period-from-2020-04-01" type="jurisdiction"/><restriction href="#section-4A" refersTo="#period-from-1999-05-20" type="jurisdiction"/><restriction href="#section-5" refersTo="#period-from-1999-05-20" type="jurisdiction"/></restrictions><otherAnalysis source=""><uk:commentary href="#preface" refersTo="#c562832"/><uk:commentary href="#preface" refersTo="#c562831"/><uk:commentary href="#preface" refersTo="#c562833"/><uk:commentary href="#preface" refersTo="#c562834"/><uk:commentary href="#preface" refersTo="#key-ad6708572b4a12655330f67c39e0e491"/><uk:commentary href="#section-1" refersTo="#c562835"/><uk:commentary href="#section-1" refersTo="#c562836"/><uk:commentary href="#section-2" refersTo="#c562837"/><uk:commentary href="#section-2" refersTo="#c562838"/><uk:commentary href="#section-3" refersTo="#c562839"/><uk:commentary href="#section-4" refersTo="#c562841"/><uk:commentary href="#section-4" refersTo="#c562842"/><uk:commentary href="#section-4" refersTo="#key-1acae3106d9582b59ba67cd7db3a269a"/><uk:commentary href="#section-4" refersTo="#c562843"/><uk:commentary href="#section-4" refersTo="#c562844"/><uk:commentary href="#section-4" refersTo="#c562845"/><uk:commentary href="#section-4" refersTo="#c562846"/><uk:commentary href="#section-4" refersTo="#key-0230455d8f9a5bee7eed9a13bd3f8c44"/><uk:commentary href="#section-4" refersTo="#key-0d3ba4e76066f505d60aa84d103b7588"/><uk:commentary href="#section-4A" refersTo="#c562840"/><uk:commentary href="#section-5" refersTo="#c562848"/><uk:commentary href="#section-5" refersTo="#c562849"/><uk:commentary href="#section-6" refersTo="#c562851"/></otherAnalysis></analysis><temporalData source="#"><temporalGroup eId="period-from-1999-05-20"><timeInterval start="#date-1999-05-20" refersTo="#"/></temporalGroup><temporalGroup eId="period-from-2011-04-04"><timeInterval start="#date-2011-04-04" refersTo="#"/></temporalGroup><temporalGroup eId="period-from-2020-04-01"><timeInterval start="#date-2020-04-01" refersTo="#"/></temporalGroup></temporalData><references source="#"><TLCEvent eId="enactment" href="" showAs="EnactmentDate"/><TLCLocation eId="extent-e+w+s+ni" href="/ontology/jurisdictions/uk.EnglandWalesScotlandNorthernIreland" showAs="E+W+S+N.I."/><TLCLocation eId="extent-s" href="/ontology/jurisdictions/uk.EnglandWalesScotlandNorthernIreland" showAs="S"/><TLCTerm eId="term-public-department" href="/ontology/term/uk.public-department" showAs="public department"/><TLCTerm eId="term-the-appropriate-law-officer" href="/ontology/term/uk.the-appropriate-law-officer" showAs="the appropriate Law Officer"/></references><notes source="#"><note ukl:Name="Commentary" ukl:Type="I" class="commentary I" eId="c562833" marker="I1"><p>Act wholly in force at Royal Assent.</p></note><note ukl:Name="Commentary" ukl:Type="F" class="commentary F" eId="c562832" marker="F1"><p>Preamble omitted under authority of <ref eId="c00002" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1892/19">Statute Law Revision Act 1892 (c. 19)</ref></p></note><note ukl:Name="Commentary" ukl:Type="F" class="commentary F" eId="c562835" marker="F2"><p>Words in <ref eId="c00006" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/Vict/20-21/44/section/1">s. 1</ref> inserted (20.5.1999) by <ref eId="c00007" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1998/46">1998 c. 46</ref>, <ref eId="c00008" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1998/46/section/125">s. 125</ref>, <ref eId="c00009" class="subref operative" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1998/46/schedule/8/paragraph/2/2/a">Sch. 8 para. 2(2)(a)</ref>; <ref eId="c00010" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/uksi/1998/3178">S.I. 1998/3178</ref>, <ref eId="c00011" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/uksi/1998/3178/article/2/2">art. 2(2)</ref>, <ref eId="c00012" class="subref operative" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/uksi/1998/3178/schedule/4">Sch. 4</ref></p></note><note ukl:Name="Commentary" ukl:Type="F" class="commentary F" eId="c562836" marker="F3"><p>Words in <ref eId="c00013" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/Vict/20-21/44/section/1">s. 1</ref> substituted (20.5.1999) by <ref eId="c00014" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1998/46">1998 c. 46</ref>, <ref eId="c00015" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1998/46/section/125">s. 125</ref>, <ref eId="c00016" class="subref operative" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1998/46/schedule/8/paragraph/2/2/b">Sch. 8 para. 2(2)(b)</ref>; <ref eId="c00017" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/uksi/1998/3178">S.I. 1998/3178</ref>, <ref eId="c00018" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/uksi/1998/3178/article/2/2">art. 2(2)</ref>, <ref eId="c00019" class="subref operative" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/uksi/1998/3178/schedule/4">Sch. 4</ref></p></note><note ukl:Name="Commentary" ukl:Type="F" class="commentary F" eId="c562837" marker="F4"><p>Words in <ref eId="c00020" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/Vict/20-21/44/section/2">s. 2</ref> substituted (20.5.1999) by <ref eId="c00021" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1998/46">1998 c. 46</ref>, <ref eId="c00022" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1998/46/section/125">s. 125</ref>, <ref eId="c00023" class="subref operative" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1998/46/schedule/8/paragraph/2/3/a">Sch. 8 para. 2(3)(a)</ref>; <ref eId="c00024" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/uksi/1998/3178">S.I. 1998/3178</ref>, <ref eId="c00025" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/uksi/1998/3178/article/2/2">art. 2(2)</ref>, <ref eId="c00026" class="subref operative" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/uksi/1998/3178/schedule/4">Sch. 4</ref></p></note><note ukl:Name="Commentary" ukl:Type="F" class="commentary F" eId="c562838" marker="F5"><p>Words in <ref eId="c00027" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/Vict/20-21/44/section/2">s. 2</ref> inserted (20.5.1999) by <ref eId="c00028" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1998/46">1998 c. 46</ref>, <ref eId="c00029" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1998/46/section/125">s. 125</ref>, <ref eId="c00030" class="subref operative" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1998/46/schedule/8/paragraph/2/3/b">Sch. 8 para. 2(3)(b)</ref>; <ref eId="c00031" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/uksi/1998/3178">S.I. 1998/3178</ref>, <ref eId="c00032" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/uksi/1998/3178/article/2/2">art. 2(2)</ref>, <ref eId="c00033" class="subref operative" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/uksi/1998/3178/schedule/4">Sch. 4</ref></p></note><note ukl:Name="Commentary" ukl:Type="F" class="commentary F" eId="c562839" marker="F6"><p>Words in <ref eId="c00034" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/Vict/20-21/44/section/3">s. 3</ref> substituted (20.5.1999) by <ref eId="c00035" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1998/46">1998 c. 46</ref>, <ref eId="c00036" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1998/46/section/125">s. 125</ref>, <ref eId="c00037" class="subref operative" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1998/46/schedule/8/paragraph/2/4">Sch. 8 para. 2(4)</ref>; <ref eId="c00038" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/uksi/1999/3178">S.I. 1999/3178</ref>, <ref eId="c00039" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/uksi/1999/3178/article/2/2">art. 2(2)</ref>, <ref eId="c00040" class="subref operative" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/uksi/1999/3178/schedule/4">Sch. 4</ref></p></note><note ukl:Name="Commentary" ukl:Type="F" class="commentary F" eId="key-1acae3106d9582b59ba67cd7db3a269a" marker="F7"><p>S. 4(1): s. 4 renumbered as s. 4(1) (S.) (16.2.2017) by <ref eId="ck3e39bb2-00016" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ssi/2017/36">The Crown Estate Scotland (Interim Management) Order 2017 (S.S.I. 2017/36)</ref>, <ref eId="ck3e39bb2-00017" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ssi/2017/36/article/1/1">arts. 1(1)</ref>, <ref eId="ck3e39bb2-00018" class="subref operative" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ssi/2017/36/article/22/2">22(2)</ref></p></note><note ukl:Name="Commentary" ukl:Type="F" class="commentary F" eId="c562843" marker="F8"><p>Words substituted by virtue of <ref eId="c00046" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1964/15">Defence (Transfer of Functions) Act 1964 (c. 15)</ref>, <ref eId="c00047" class="subref operative" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1964/15/section/3/2">s. 3(2)</ref></p></note><note ukl:Name="Commentary" ukl:Type="F" class="commentary F" eId="c562844" marker="F9"><p>Words repealed by <ref eId="c00048" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1969/48">Post Office Act 1969 (c. 48)</ref>, <ref eId="c00049" class="subref operative" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1969/48/schedule/11/part/II">Sch. 11 Pt. II</ref></p></note><note ukl:Name="Commentary" ukl:Type="F" class="commentary F" eId="c562845" marker="F10"><p>Words substituted by virtue of <ref eId="c00050" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1952/44">Customs and Excise Act 1952 (c. 44)</ref>, <ref eId="c00051" class="subref operative" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1952/44/schedule/10/part/I">Sch. 10 Pt. I</ref></p></note><note ukl:Name="Commentary" ukl:Type="F" class="commentary F" eId="c562846" marker="F11"><p>Words substituted by virtue of S.R &amp; O.1924/1370 (Rev. V, p. 443: 1924, p. 228), art. 1, <ref eId="c00052" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1956/73">Crown Estate Act 1956 (c. 73)</ref>, <ref eId="c00053" class="subref operative" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1956/73/section/1/7">s. 1(7)</ref> and <ref eId="c00054" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1961/55">Crown Estate Act 1961 (c. 55)</ref>, <ref eId="c00055" class="subref operative" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1961/55/schedule/2/paragraph/4/1">Sch. 2 para. 4(1)</ref></p></note><note ukl:Name="Commentary" ukl:Type="F" class="commentary F" eId="key-0230455d8f9a5bee7eed9a13bd3f8c44" marker="F12"><p>S. 4(2) inserted (S.) (16.2.2017) by <ref eId="ck3e7q952-00007" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ssi/2017/36">The Crown Estate Scotland (Interim Management) Order 2017 (S.S.I. 2017/36)</ref>, <ref eId="ck3e7q952-00008" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ssi/2017/36/article/1/1">arts. 1(1)</ref>, <ref eId="ck3e7q952-00009" class="subref operative" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ssi/2017/36/article/22/3">22(3)</ref></p></note><note ukl:Name="Commentary" ukl:Type="F" class="commentary F" eId="key-0d3ba4e76066f505d60aa84d103b7588" marker="F13"><p>Words in s. 4(2) substituted (S.) (1.4.2020) by <ref eId="csh1wmkr3-00007" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/asp/2019/1">Scottish Crown Estate Act 2019 (asp 1)</ref>, <ref eId="csh1wmkr3-00008" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/asp/2019/1/section/46/2">s. 46(2)</ref>, <ref eId="csh1wmkr3-00009" class="subref operative" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/asp/2019/1/schedule/1/paragraph/1">sch. 1 para. 1</ref>; <ref eId="csh1wmkr3-00010" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ssi/2020/77">S.S.I. 2020/77</ref>, <ref eId="csh1wmkr3-00011" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ssi/2020/77/regulation/2/1">reg. 2(1)</ref>, <ref eId="csh1wmkr3-00012" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ssi/2020/77/schedule/1">sch. 1</ref></p></note><note ukl:Name="Commentary" ukl:Type="F" class="commentary F" eId="c562840" marker="F14"><p><ref eId="c00056" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/Vict/20-21/44/section/4A">S. 4A</ref> inserted (20.5.1999) by <ref eId="c00057" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1998/46">1998 c. 46</ref>, <ref eId="c00058" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1998/46/section/125">s. 125</ref>, <ref eId="c00059" class="subref operative" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1998/46/schedule/8/paragraph/2/5">Sch. 8 para. 2(5)</ref>; <ref eId="c00060" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/uksi/1998/3178">S.I. 1998/3178</ref>, <ref eId="c00061" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/uksi/1998/3178/article/2/2">art. 2(2)</ref>, <ref eId="c00062" class="subref operative" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/uksi/1998/3178/schedule/4">Sch. 4</ref></p></note><note ukl:Name="Commentary" ukl:Type="F" class="commentary F" eId="c562848" marker="F15"><p>Words in <ref eId="c00063" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/Vict/20-21/44/section/5">s. 5</ref> repealed (5.11.1993) by <ref eId="c00064" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1993/50">1993 c. 50</ref>, <ref eId="c00065" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1993/50/section/1/1">s. 1(1)</ref>, <ref eId="c00066" class="subref operative" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1993/50/schedule/1">Sch. 1</ref>, <ref eId="c00067" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1993/50/part/I">Pt. I</ref>.</p></note><note ukl:Name="Commentary" ukl:Type="F" class="commentary F" eId="c562849" marker="F16"><p>Words in <ref eId="c00068" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/Vict/20-21/44/section/5">s. 5</ref> substituted (20.5.1999) by <ref eId="c00069" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1998/46">1998 c. 46</ref>, <ref eId="c00070" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1998/46/section/125">s. 125</ref>, <ref eId="c00071" class="subref operative" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1998/46/schedule/8/paragraph/2/6">Sch. 8 para. 2(6)</ref>;<ref eId="c00072" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/uksi/1998/3178">S.I. 1998/3178</ref>, <ref eId="c00073" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/uksi/1998/3178/article/2/2">art. 2(2)</ref>, <ref eId="c00074" class="subref operative" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/uksi/1998/3178/schedule/4">Sch. 4</ref></p></note><note ukl:Name="Commentary" ukl:Type="F" class="commentary F" eId="c562851" marker="F17"><p><ref eId="c00075" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/Vict/20-21/44/section/6">S. 6</ref> repealed by <ref eId="c00076" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1875/66">Statute Law Revision Act 1875 (c. 66)</ref></p></note><note ukl:Name="Commentary" ukl:Type="C" class="commentary C" eId="c562831" marker="C1"><p>Short title given by <ref eId="c00001" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1896/14">Short Titles Act 1896 (c. 14)</ref></p></note><note ukl:Name="Commentary" ukl:Type="C" class="commentary C" eId="c562834" marker="C2"><p>Act extended (16.10.1992) by <ref eId="c00003" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1992/52">Trade Union and Labour Relations (Consolidation) Act 1992 (c. 52)</ref>, <ref eId="c00004" class="subref operative" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1992/52/section/247/4">ss. 247(4)</ref>, <ref eId="c00005" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1992/52/section/302">302</ref></p></note><note ukl:Name="Commentary" ukl:Type="C" class="commentary C" eId="key-ad6708572b4a12655330f67c39e0e491" marker="C3"><p>Act applied (4.4.2011) by <ref eId="co70rpwg1-00007" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2011/4">Budget Responsibility and National Audit Act 2011 (c. 4)</ref>, <ref eId="co70rpwg1-00008" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2011/4/section/29">s. 29</ref>, <ref eId="co70rpwg1-00009" class="subref operative" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2011/4/schedule/1/paragraph/7/2/b">Sch. 1 para. 7(2)(b)</ref>; <ref eId="co70rpwg1-00010" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/uksi/2011/892">S.I. 2011/892</ref>, <ref eId="co70rpwg1-00011" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/uksi/2011/892/schedule/2">Sch. 2</ref></p></note><note ukl:Name="Commentary" ukl:Type="C" class="commentary C" eId="c562841" marker="C4"><p>Functions of Commissioners of Works now exercisable by Secretary of State: S. R &amp; O. 1945/991 9 Rev. XV, p. 232; 1945 I, p. 1414), art. 2 and <ref eId="c00041" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/uksi/1970/1681">S.I.1970/1681</ref>, <ref eId="c00042" class="subref operative" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/uksi/1970/1681/article/2/1">art. 2(1)</ref></p></note><note ukl:Name="Commentary" ukl:Type="C" class="commentary C" eId="c562842" marker="C5"><p>S. 4 extended by <ref eId="c00044" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1975/71">Employment Protection Act 1975 (c. 71)</ref>, <ref eId="c00045" class="subref operative" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1975/71/section/1/schedule/1/part/I/paragraph/11/2">s. 1 Sch. 1 Pt. I para. 11(2)</ref></p></note></notes><proprietary xmlns:ukm="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/namespaces/metadata" xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:dct="http://purl.org/dc/terms/" source="#"><dc:identifier>http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/Vict/20-21/44</dc:identifier><dc:title>Crown Suits (Scotland) Act 1857</dc:title><dc:description>An Act to regulate the Institution of Suits at the Instance of the Crown and the Public Departments in the Courts of Scotland.</dc:description><dc:date>1978-06-01</dc:date><dc:type>text</dc:type><dc:format>text/xml</dc:format><dc:language>en</dc:language><dc:publisher>Statute Law Database</dc:publisher><dc:modified>2020-06-01</dc:modified><dc:contributor>Expert Participation</dc:contributor><dct:valid>2020-04-01</dct:valid><ukm:PrimaryMetadata><ukm:DocumentClassification><ukm:DocumentCategory Value="primary"/><ukm:DocumentMainType Value="UnitedKingdomPublicGeneralAct"/><ukm:DocumentStatus Value="revised"/></ukm:DocumentClassification><ukm:Year Value="1857"/><ukm:Number Value="44"/><ukm:AlternativeNumber Category="Regnal" Value="20_and_21_Vict"/><ukm:EnactmentDate Date="1857-08-17"/></ukm:PrimaryMetadata><ukm:Alternatives><ukm:Alternative Date="2025-03-20" Size="167284" URI="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/Vict/20-21/44/pdfs/ukpga_18570044_en.pdf" Print="true"/></ukm:Alternatives><ukm:Statistics><ukm:TotalParagraphs Value="7"/><ukm:BodyParagraphs Value="7"/><ukm:ScheduleParagraphs Value="0"/><ukm:AttachmentParagraphs Value="0"/><ukm:TotalImages Value="0"/></ukm:Statistics></proprietary></meta><preface eId="preface"><block name="title"><docTitle>Crown Suits (Scotland) Act 1857</docTitle></block><block name="number"><docNumber>1857 CHAPTER 44 20 and 21 Vict</docNumber></block><longTitle><p>An Act to regulate the Institution of Suits at the Instance of the Crown and the Public Departments in the Courts of Scotland.</p></longTitle><block name="dateOfEnactment" refersTo="#date-enacted"><docDate date="1857-08-17">[17th August 1857]<noteRef href="#c562832" uk:name="commentary" ukl:Name="CommentaryRef" class="commentary"/></docDate></block></preface><body eId="body"><section eId="section-1"><num>1</num><heading> Crown suits, &amp;c. may be brought in name of the Lord advocate.</heading><content><p>Every action, suit, or proceeding to be instituted in Scotland on the behalf of or against Her Majesty, or in the interest of the Crown <ins class="first last" ukl:ChangeId="d30p54" ukl:CommentaryRef="c562835"><noteRef uk:name="commentary" href="#c562835" class="commentary"/>(including the Scottish Administration)</ins>, or on the behalf of or against any public department, may be lawfully raised in the name and at the instance of or directed against <ins class="first last" ukl:ChangeId="d30p58" ukl:CommentaryRef="c562836"><noteRef uk:name="commentary" href="#c562836" class="commentary"/>the appropriate Law Officer</ins> as acting under this Act.</p></content></section><section eId="section-2"><num>2</num><heading> with the sanction of the public department having the interest.</heading><content><p>Provided always, that before instituting or defending any such action, suit, or proceeding, <ins class="first last" ukl:ChangeId="d30p72" ukl:CommentaryRef="c562837"><noteRef uk:name="commentary" href="#c562837" class="commentary"/>the appropriate Law Officer</ins> shall have the authority of Her Majesty <ins class="first last" ukl:ChangeId="d30p76" ukl:CommentaryRef="c562838"><noteRef uk:name="commentary" href="#c562838" class="commentary"/>of the part of the Scottish Administration</ins> or of the public department respectively on whose behalf or against whom such action, suit, or proceeding shall be instituted, to the institution or defence thereof.</p></content></section><section eId="section-3"><num>3</num><heading> Persons prosecuted not entitled to object to the instance.</heading><content><p>Provided also, that it shall not be competent to any private party in any action, suit, or proceeding instituted as aforesaid, to challenge or impugn the instance of or the title to defeud such action, suit, or proceeding, or the right or title of <ins class="first last" ukl:ChangeId="d30p90" ukl:CommentaryRef="c562839"><noteRef uk:name="commentary" href="#c562839" class="commentary"/>the appropriate Law Officer</ins> to raise and prosecute or to defend the same, upon any allegation that such authority (as aforesaid) has not been granted, or that evidence of such authority is not produced.</p></content></section><section eId="section-4"><num>4</num><heading> Meaning of “public department.”</heading><subsection eId="section-4-1"><num><ins class="first last" ukl:ChangeId="key-1acae3106d9582b59ba67cd7db3a269a-1494305507729" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-1acae3106d9582b59ba67cd7db3a269a"><noteRef uk:name="commentary" href="#key-1acae3106d9582b59ba67cd7db3a269a" class="commentary"/>(1)</ins></num><content><p>The expression “<term refersTo="#term-public-department" eId="term-public-department">public department</term>” shall include the Treasury, the <ins class="first last" ukl:ChangeId="d30p109" ukl:CommentaryRef="c562843"><noteRef uk:name="commentary" href="#c562843" class="commentary"/>Ministry of Defence</ins>,. . . . <noteRef href="#c562844" uk:name="commentary" ukl:Name="CommentaryRef" class="commentary"/>, the Board of Inland Revenue, the <ins class="first last" ukl:ChangeId="d30p115" ukl:CommentaryRef="c562845"><noteRef uk:name="commentary" href="#c562845" class="commentary"/>Commissioners of Customs and Excise</ins>, the <ins class="first last" ukl:ChangeId="d30p119" ukl:CommentaryRef="c562846"><noteRef uk:name="commentary" href="#c562846" class="commentary"/>Crown Estate Commissioners</ins>, the Commissioners of Works, the Committee of Her Majesty’s Privy Council appointed for the consideration of matters relating to Trade and Foreign Plantations, and all the like public departments, bodies, or boards, and all and every officer and officers, person and persons acting on the behalf or in the interest of or entitled at the date of the passing of this Act to sue on the behalf or in the interest of any such public department.</p></content></subsection><subsection eId="section-4-2"><num><ins class="first" ukl:ChangeId="key-0230455d8f9a5bee7eed9a13bd3f8c44-1494305675352" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-0230455d8f9a5bee7eed9a13bd3f8c44"><noteRef uk:name="commentary" href="#key-0230455d8f9a5bee7eed9a13bd3f8c44" class="commentary"/>(2)</ins></num><content><p><ins ukl:ChangeId="key-0230455d8f9a5bee7eed9a13bd3f8c44-1494305675352" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-0230455d8f9a5bee7eed9a13bd3f8c44">But the expression “public department” does not include  </ins><ins ukl:ChangeId="key-0230455d8f9a5bee7eed9a13bd3f8c44-1494305675352" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-0230455d8f9a5bee7eed9a13bd3f8c44"><ins class="substitution first last" ukl:ChangeId="key-0d3ba4e76066f505d60aa84d103b7588-1590909947585" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-0d3ba4e76066f505d60aa84d103b7588"><noteRef uk:name="commentary" href="#key-0d3ba4e76066f505d60aa84d103b7588" class="commentary"/>Crown Estate Scotland</ins></ins><ins class="last" ukl:ChangeId="key-0230455d8f9a5bee7eed9a13bd3f8c44-1494305675352" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-0230455d8f9a5bee7eed9a13bd3f8c44">.</ins></p></content></subsection></section><section eId="section-4A"><num><ins class="first" ukl:ChangeId="d30p125" ukl:CommentaryRef="c562840"><noteRef uk:name="commentary" href="#c562840" class="commentary"/>4A</ins></num><heading><ins ukl:ChangeId="d30p125" ukl:CommentaryRef="c562840"> Meaning of “the appropriate Law Officer”.</ins></heading><intro><p><ins ukl:ChangeId="d30p125" ukl:CommentaryRef="c562840">In this Act “</ins><term refersTo="#term-the-appropriate-law-officer" eId="term-the-appropriate-law-officer"><ins ukl:ChangeId="d30p125" ukl:CommentaryRef="c562840">the appropriate Law Officer</ins></term><ins ukl:ChangeId="d30p125" ukl:CommentaryRef="c562840">” means—</ins></p></intro><level class="para1" eId="section-4A-a"><num><ins ukl:ChangeId="d30p125" ukl:CommentaryRef="c562840">(a)</ins></num><content><p><ins ukl:ChangeId="d30p125" ukl:CommentaryRef="c562840">the Lord Advocate, where the action, suit or proceeding is on behalf of or against any part of the Scottish Administration, and</ins></p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-4A-b"><num><ins ukl:ChangeId="d30p125" ukl:CommentaryRef="c562840">(b)</ins></num><content><p><ins class="last" ukl:ChangeId="d30p125" ukl:CommentaryRef="c562840">the Advocate General for Scotland, in any other case.</ins></p></content></level></section><section eId="section-5"><num>5</num><heading> Existing actions, &amp;c. not to be affected.</heading><content><p><noteRef href="#c562848" uk:name="commentary" ukl:Name="CommentaryRef" class="commentary"/>. . . No action, suit, or proceeding raised or to be raised at the instance of or against <ins class="first last" ukl:ChangeId="d30p161" ukl:CommentaryRef="c562849"><noteRef uk:name="commentary" href="#c562849" class="commentary"/>the Lord Advocate or the Advocate General for Scotland</ins> for the time being shall abate or be affected by any change in the person, holding <ins class="first last" ukl:ChangeId="d30p165" ukl:CommentaryRef="c562849"><noteRef uk:name="commentary" href="#c562849" class="commentary"/>that office</ins>.</p></content></section><section eId="section-6"><num>6</num><heading>. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .<noteRef href="#c562851" uk:name="commentary" ukl:Name="CommentaryRef" class="commentary"/></heading><content><p/></content></section></body></act></akomaNtoso>