http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2018/16/section/1AEuropean Union (Withdrawal) Act 2018An Act to repeal the European Communities Act 1972 and make other provision in connection with the withdrawal of the United Kingdom from the EU.texttext/xmlenStatute Law Database2025-08-19Expert Participation2025-08-20 European Union (Withdrawal) Act 2018s. 6(5ZA)Retained EU Law (Revocation and Reform) Act 2023s. 6(4)s. 22(3)European Union (Withdrawal) Act 2018s. 6(6B)Retained EU Law (Revocation and Reform) Act 2023s. 6(6)s. 22(3)European Union (Withdrawal) Act 2018s. 6A-6CRetained EU Law (Revocation and Reform) Act 2023s. 6(8)s. 22(3)European Union (Withdrawal) Act 2018s. 6ARetained EU Law (Revocation and Reform) Act 2023Sch. 2 para. 8(4)s. 22(6)s. 22(3)European Union (Withdrawal) Act 2018s. 6BRetained EU Law (Revocation and Reform) Act 2023Sch. 2 para. 8(5)s. 22(6)s. 22(3)European Union (Withdrawal) Act 2018s. 6CRetained EU Law (Revocation and Reform) Act 2023Sch. 2 para. 8(6)s. 22(6)s. 22(3) 1A1Subsections (2) to (4) have effect despite the repeal of the European Communities Act 1972 on exit day by section 1.2The European Communities Act 1972, as it has effect in domestic law or the law of a relevant territory immediately before exit day, continues to have effect in domestic law or the law of the relevant territory on and after exit day so far as provided by subsections (3) to (5).3The Act of 1972 has effect on and after exit day as if —athe definitions of “the Treaties” and “the EU Treaties” given by section 1(2) to (4) (interpretation)—iincluded Part 4 of the withdrawal agreement (implementation period), other than that Part so far as it relates to, or could be applied in relation to, the Common Foreign and Security Policy, butiiwere otherwise limited to anything which falls within those definitions as at immediately before exit day so far as it is not excluded by regulations made on or after exit day by a Minister of the Crown under this sub-paragraph,bthe reference in section 2(2) to the objects of the EU were a reference to those objects so far as they are applicable to and in the United Kingdom by virtue of Part 4 of the withdrawal agreement,csection 2(3) (payment of EU costs etc.) were omitted,din section 3 (decisions on, and proof of, EU Treaties and EU instruments etc.)—ithe references to the Treaties in subsections (1) and (2) included the withdrawal agreement, andiithe words in brackets in subsection (1) only applied so far as they are in accordance with Part 4 of the withdrawal agreement,ereferences in sections 5 and 6 (customs duties and common agricultural policy) to the common customs tariff of the EU, directly applicable EU provision, the exclusion of customs duties, EU arrangements and agricultural levies of the EU were to such things so far as they are applicable to and in the United Kingdom by virtue of Part 4 of the withdrawal agreement, andfin Part 2 of Schedule 1 (general definitions in relation to the EU)—iin the definition of “EU customs duty”, the reference to directly applicable EU provision were to such provision so far as it is applicable to and in the United Kingdom by virtue of Part 4 of the withdrawal agreement, andiiin the definition of “Member” in the expression “member State”, after “EU” there were inserted “ and for the purposes of this expression the United Kingdom is to be treated as if it were a member of the EU during the implementation period (within the meaning given by section 1A(6) of the European Union (Withdrawal) Act 2018) ”.4In this section “relevant territory” means the Isle of Man, any of the Channel Islands or Gibraltar.5Subsections (1) to (4) are repealed on IP completion day.6In this Act—“the implementation period” means the transition or implementation period provided for by Part 4 of the withdrawal agreement and beginning with exit day and ending on IP completion day;“IP completion day” (and related expressions) have the same meaning as in the European Union (Withdrawal Agreement) Act 2020 (see section 39(1) to (5) of that Act);“withdrawal agreement” has the same meaning as in that Act (see section 39(1) and (6) of that Act).7In this Act—areferences to the European Communities Act 1972 are to be read, so far as the context permits or requires, as being or (as the case may be) including references to that Act as it continues to have effect by virtue of subsections (2) to (4) above, andbreferences to any Part of the withdrawal agreement or the EEA EFTA separation agreement include references to any other provisions of that agreement so far as applying to that Part.S. 1A and cross-heading inserted (31.1.2020) by European Union (Withdrawal Agreement) Act 2020 (c. 1), ss. 1, 42(7) (with s. 38(3), Sch. 5 para. 66); S.I. 2020/75, reg. 4(a)