Section 71: Duty of court to consider fairness of term
339.Courts hear a wide variety of disputes between traders and consumers concerning contracts. However, courts are not always specifically asked to look at the fairness of a term in a consumer contract. This provision places a duty upon the courts to look at the fairness of terms even if the parties do not specifically ask the court to do so.
340.This section reflects the view of the EUCJ in Case C-168/05 Mostaza Claro (2006) ECR I-10421 that “the nature and importance of the public interest underlying the protection which the Directive confers on consumers justify, moreover, the national court being required to assess of its own motion whether a contractual term is unfair” (paragraph 38).
341.In fulfilling this duty, the courts would not have to look at the fairness of the term if they do not have adequate information to do so, as was emphasised by the Court of Justice in Case C-243/08 Pannon (2009) ECR I-4713 (at para.35). In addition, the courts would only have to look at the term or terms in question, not the entire contract; this reflects the principle in Case C-137/08 VB Penzugyi v Schneider in 2010.