<Legislation xmlns="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/namespaces/legislation" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" DocumentURI="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2012/21/2017-03-01" IdURI="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2012/21" NumberOfProvisions="1084" RestrictEndDate="2020-12-01" xml:lang="en" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/namespaces/legislation http://www.legislation.gov.uk/schema/legislation.xsd" SchemaVersion="1.0" RestrictExtent="E+W+S+N.I."><ukm:Metadata xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:dct="http://purl.org/dc/terms/" xmlns:atom="http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom" xmlns:ukm="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/namespaces/metadata">
					<dc:identifier>http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2012/21/section/91/2017-03-01</dc:identifier><dc:title>Financial Services Act 2012</dc:title><dc:description>An Act to amend the Bank of England Act 1998, the Financial Services and Markets Act 2000 and the Banking Act 2009; to make other provision about financial services and markets; to make provision about the exercise of certain statutory functions relating to building societies, friendly societies and other mutual societies; to amend section 785 of the Companies Act 2006; to make provision enabling the Director of Savings to provide services to other public bodies; and for connected purposes.</dc:description><dc:type>text</dc:type><dc:format>text/xml</dc:format><dc:language>en</dc:language><dc:publisher>Statute Law Database</dc:publisher><dc:modified>2026-08-12</dc:modified><dc:contributor>Expert Participation</dc:contributor><dct:valid>2017-03-01</dct:valid>
					
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									<ukm:Notes><ukm:Note IdURI="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2012/21/section/91/notes" DocumentURI="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2012/21/section/91/notes"/><ukm:Alternatives><ukm:Alternative URI="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2012/21/pdfs/ukpgaen_20120021_en.pdf" Date="2013-01-17" Title="Explanatory Note" Size="1175217"/></ukm:Alternatives>       
								</ukm:Notes> 
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				</ukm:Metadata><Primary><Body DocumentURI="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2012/21/body/2017-03-01" IdURI="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2012/21/body" NumberOfProvisions="388" RestrictEndDate="2026-07-13" RestrictStartDate="2017-03-01" RestrictExtent="E+W+S+N.I."><Part DocumentURI="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2012/21/part/7/2017-03-01" IdURI="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2012/21/part/7" NumberOfProvisions="7" RestrictEndDate="2020-12-01" id="part-7" RestrictStartDate="2016-07-03" RestrictExtent="E+W+S+N.I."><Number>
          <Strong>PART 7</Strong>
        </Number><Title>Offences relating to financial services</Title><P1group RestrictExtent="E+W+S+N.I." RestrictStartDate="2016-07-03"><Title>Misleading statements <Abbreviation Expansion="Et cetera" xml:lang="la">etc</Abbreviation> in relation to benchmarks</Title><P1 DocumentURI="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2012/21/section/91/2017-03-01" IdURI="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2012/21/section/91" id="section-91"><Pnumber PuncAfter=""><CommentaryRef Ref="key-c17b7e1769e604b0bcbe00098369db5f"/>91</Pnumber><P1para><P2 DocumentURI="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2012/21/section/91/1/2017-03-01" IdURI="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2012/21/section/91/1" id="section-91-1"><Pnumber>1</Pnumber><P2para><Text>A person (“A”) who makes to another person (“B”) a false or misleading statement commits an offence if—</Text><P3 DocumentURI="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2012/21/section/91/1/a/2017-03-01" IdURI="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2012/21/section/91/1/a" id="section-91-1-a"><Pnumber>a</Pnumber><P3para><Text>A makes the statement in the course of arrangements for the setting of a relevant benchmark,</Text></P3para></P3><P3 DocumentURI="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2012/21/section/91/1/b/2017-03-01" IdURI="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2012/21/section/91/1/b" id="section-91-1-b"><Pnumber>b</Pnumber><P3para><Text>A intends that the statement should be used by B for the purpose of the setting of a relevant benchmark, and</Text></P3para></P3><P3 DocumentURI="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2012/21/section/91/1/c/2017-03-01" IdURI="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2012/21/section/91/1/c" id="section-91-1-c"><Pnumber>c</Pnumber><P3para><Text>A knows that the statement is false or misleading or is reckless as to whether it is.</Text></P3para></P3></P2para></P2><P2 DocumentURI="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2012/21/section/91/2/2017-03-01" IdURI="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2012/21/section/91/2" id="section-91-2"><Pnumber>2</Pnumber><P2para><Text>A person (“C”) who does any act or engages in any course of conduct which creates a false or misleading impression as to the price or value of any investment or as to the interest rate appropriate to any transaction commits an offence if—</Text><P3 DocumentURI="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2012/21/section/91/2/a/2017-03-01" IdURI="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2012/21/section/91/2/a" id="section-91-2-a"><Pnumber>a</Pnumber><P3para><Text>C intends to create the impression,</Text></P3para></P3><P3 DocumentURI="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2012/21/section/91/2/b/2017-03-01" IdURI="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2012/21/section/91/2/b" id="section-91-2-b"><Pnumber>b</Pnumber><P3para><Text>the impression may affect the setting of a relevant benchmark,</Text></P3para></P3><P3 DocumentURI="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2012/21/section/91/2/c/2017-03-01" IdURI="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2012/21/section/91/2/c" id="section-91-2-c"><Pnumber>c</Pnumber><P3para><Text>C knows that the impression is false or misleading or is reckless as to whether it is, and</Text></P3para></P3><P3 DocumentURI="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2012/21/section/91/2/d/2017-03-01" IdURI="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2012/21/section/91/2/d" id="section-91-2-d"><Pnumber>d</Pnumber><P3para><Text>C knows that the impression may affect the setting of a relevant benchmark.</Text></P3para></P3></P2para></P2><P2 DocumentURI="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2012/21/section/91/3/2017-03-01" IdURI="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2012/21/section/91/3" id="section-91-3"><Pnumber>3</Pnumber><P2para><Text>In proceedings for an offence under subsection (1), it is a defence for the person charged (“D”) to show that the statement was made in conformity with—</Text><P3 DocumentURI="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2012/21/section/91/3/a/2017-03-01" IdURI="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2012/21/section/91/3/a" id="section-91-3-a"><Pnumber><CommentaryRef Ref="key-950e7173717f80b36f3ad165edbc59a3"/>a</Pnumber><P3para><Text>. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .</Text></P3para></P3><P3 DocumentURI="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2012/21/section/91/3/b/2017-03-01" IdURI="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2012/21/section/91/3/b" id="section-91-3-b"><Pnumber>b</Pnumber><P3para><Text>control of information rules, or</Text></P3para></P3><P3 DocumentURI="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2012/21/section/91/3/c/2017-03-01" IdURI="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2012/21/section/91/3/c" id="section-91-3-c"><Pnumber><Substitution ChangeId="key-44022fcac3c513e53703503adbbd6aca-1476255530344" CommentaryRef="key-44022fcac3c513e53703503adbbd6aca">c</Substitution></Pnumber><P3para><Text><Substitution ChangeId="key-44022fcac3c513e53703503adbbd6aca-1476255530344" CommentaryRef="key-44022fcac3c513e53703503adbbd6aca">the relevant provisions of Article 5 (exemption for buy-back programmes and stabilisation) of the </Substitution><Abbreviation Expansion="Regulation (EU) No 596/2014 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 16 April 2014 on market abuse (market abuse regulation) and repealing Directive 2003/6/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council and Commission Directives 2003/124/EC, 2003/125/EC and 2004/72/EC"><Substitution ChangeId="key-44022fcac3c513e53703503adbbd6aca-1476255530344" CommentaryRef="key-44022fcac3c513e53703503adbbd6aca">market abuse regulation</Substitution></Abbreviation><Substitution ChangeId="key-44022fcac3c513e53703503adbbd6aca-1476255530344" CommentaryRef="key-44022fcac3c513e53703503adbbd6aca">.</Substitution></Text></P3para></P3></P2para></P2><P2 DocumentURI="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2012/21/section/91/4/2017-03-01" IdURI="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2012/21/section/91/4" id="section-91-4"><Pnumber>4</Pnumber><P2para><Text>In proceedings brought against any person (“D”) for an offence under subsection (2) it is a defence for D to show—</Text><P3 DocumentURI="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2012/21/section/91/4/a/2017-03-01" IdURI="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2012/21/section/91/4/a" id="section-91-4-a"><Pnumber>a</Pnumber><P3para><Text>that D acted or engaged in the conduct—</Text><P4 DocumentURI="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2012/21/section/91/4/a/i/2017-03-01" IdURI="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2012/21/section/91/4/a/i" id="section-91-4-a-i"><Pnumber>i</Pnumber><P4para><Text>for the purpose of stabilising the price of investments, and</Text></P4para></P4><P4 DocumentURI="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2012/21/section/91/4/a/ii/2017-03-01" IdURI="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2012/21/section/91/4/a/ii" id="section-91-4-a-ii"><Pnumber>ii</Pnumber><P4para><Text>in conformity with price stabilising rules,</Text></P4para></P4></P3para></P3><P3 DocumentURI="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2012/21/section/91/4/b/2017-03-01" IdURI="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2012/21/section/91/4/b" id="section-91-4-b"><Pnumber>b</Pnumber><P3para><Text>that D acted or engaged in the conduct in conformity with control of information rules, or</Text></P3para></P3><P3 DocumentURI="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2012/21/section/91/4/c/2017-03-01" IdURI="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2012/21/section/91/4/c" id="section-91-4-c"><Pnumber><Substitution ChangeId="key-e6d1c8bde11637b0a02fa470daf68d65-1476255559656" CommentaryRef="key-e6d1c8bde11637b0a02fa470daf68d65">c</Substitution></Pnumber><P3para><Text><Substitution ChangeId="key-e6d1c8bde11637b0a02fa470daf68d65-1476255559656" CommentaryRef="key-e6d1c8bde11637b0a02fa470daf68d65">that D acted or engaged in the conduct in conformity with the relevant provisions of Article 5 (exemption for buy-back programmes and stabilisation) of the </Substitution><Substitution ChangeId="key-e6d1c8bde11637b0a02fa470daf68d65-1476255559656" CommentaryRef="key-e6d1c8bde11637b0a02fa470daf68d65">market abuse regulation</Substitution><Substitution ChangeId="key-e6d1c8bde11637b0a02fa470daf68d65-1476255559656" CommentaryRef="key-e6d1c8bde11637b0a02fa470daf68d65">.</Substitution></Text></P3para></P3></P2para></P2><P2 DocumentURI="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2012/21/section/91/5/2017-03-01" IdURI="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2012/21/section/91/5" id="section-91-5"><Pnumber>5</Pnumber><P2para><Text>Subsection (1) does not apply unless the statement is made in or from the United Kingdom or to a person in the United Kingdom.</Text></P2para></P2><P2 DocumentURI="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2012/21/section/91/6/2017-03-01" IdURI="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2012/21/section/91/6" id="section-91-6"><Pnumber>6</Pnumber><P2para><Text>Subsection (2) does not apply unless—</Text><P3 DocumentURI="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2012/21/section/91/6/a/2017-03-01" IdURI="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2012/21/section/91/6/a" id="section-91-6-a"><Pnumber>a</Pnumber><P3para><Text>the act is done, or the course of conduct is engaged in, in the United Kingdom, or</Text></P3para></P3><P3 DocumentURI="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2012/21/section/91/6/b/2017-03-01" IdURI="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2012/21/section/91/6/b" id="section-91-6-b"><Pnumber>b</Pnumber><P3para><Text>the false or misleading impression is created there.</Text></P3para></P3></P2para></P2><P2 DocumentURI="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2012/21/section/91/7/2017-03-01" IdURI="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2012/21/section/91/7" id="section-91-7"><Pnumber><Addition ChangeId="key-d03a8e48d18345d7e4c290bfa35ea89e-1476255412188" CommentaryRef="key-d03a8e48d18345d7e4c290bfa35ea89e">7</Addition></Pnumber><P2para><Text><Addition ChangeId="key-d03a8e48d18345d7e4c290bfa35ea89e-1476255412188" CommentaryRef="key-d03a8e48d18345d7e4c290bfa35ea89e">See section 137Q(3) of FSMA 2000 regarding the power of the </Addition><Abbreviation Expansion="the Financial Conduct Authority"><Addition ChangeId="key-d03a8e48d18345d7e4c290bfa35ea89e-1476255412188" CommentaryRef="key-d03a8e48d18345d7e4c290bfa35ea89e">FCA</Addition></Abbreviation><Addition ChangeId="key-d03a8e48d18345d7e4c290bfa35ea89e-1476255412188" CommentaryRef="key-d03a8e48d18345d7e4c290bfa35ea89e"> to make rules for the purposes of subsection (4)(c).</Addition></Text></P2para></P2></P1para></P1></P1group></Part></Body></Primary><Commentaries><Commentary id="key-c17b7e1769e604b0bcbe00098369db5f" Type="I"><Para><Text>S. 91 in force at 1.4.2013  by <Citation URI="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/uksi/2013/423" id="c5ezcq1z2-00975" Class="UnitedKingdomStatutoryInstrument" Year="2013" Number="423" Title="The Financial Services Act 2012 (Commencement No. 2) Order 2013">S.I. 2013/423</Citation>, <CitationSubRef id="c5ezcq1z2-00976" CitationRef="c5ezcq1z2-00975" URI="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/uksi/2013/423/article/3" SectionRef="article-3">art. 3</CitationSubRef>, <CitationSubRef id="c5ezcq1z2-00977" CitationRef="c5ezcq1z2-00975" URI="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/uksi/2013/423/schedule" SectionRef="schedule" Operative="true">Sch.</CitationSubRef></Text></Para></Commentary><Commentary id="key-d03a8e48d18345d7e4c290bfa35ea89e" Type="F"><Para><Text><CitationSubRef id="cbsvj8852-00006" SectionRef="section-91-7" URI="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2012/21/section/91/7">S. 91(7)</CitationSubRef> inserted (3.7.2016) by <Citation URI="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/uksi/2016/680" id="cbsvj8852-00007" Class="UnitedKingdomStatutoryInstrument" Year="2016" Number="680" Title="The Financial Services and Markets Act 2000 (Market Abuse) Regulations 2016">The Financial Services and Markets Act 2000 (Market Abuse) Regulations 2016 (S.I. 2016/680)</Citation>, <CitationSubRef id="cbsvj8852-00008" CitationRef="cbsvj8852-00007" SectionRef="regulation-1" URI="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/uksi/2016/680/regulation/1">regs. 1</CitationSubRef>, <CitationSubRef id="cbsvj8852-00009" CitationRef="cbsvj8852-00007" SectionRef="regulation-15-4-c" URI="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/uksi/2016/680/regulation/15/4/c" Operative="true">15(4)(c)</CitationSubRef></Text></Para></Commentary><Commentary id="key-950e7173717f80b36f3ad165edbc59a3" Type="F"><Para><Text><CitationSubRef id="cbsvj8852-00013" SectionRef="section-91-3-a" URI="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2012/21/section/91/3/a">S. 91(3)(a)</CitationSubRef> omitted (3.7.2016) by virtue of <Citation URI="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/uksi/2016/680" id="cbsvj8852-00014" Class="UnitedKingdomStatutoryInstrument" Year="2016" Number="680" Title="The Financial Services and Markets Act 2000 (Market Abuse) Regulations 2016">The Financial Services and Markets Act 2000 (Market Abuse) Regulations 2016 (S.I. 2016/680)</Citation>, <CitationSubRef id="cbsvj8852-00015" CitationRef="cbsvj8852-00014" SectionRef="regulation-1" URI="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/uksi/2016/680/regulation/1">regs. 1</CitationSubRef>, <CitationSubRef id="cbsvj8852-00016" CitationRef="cbsvj8852-00014" SectionRef="regulation-15-4-a-i" URI="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/uksi/2016/680/regulation/15/4/a/i" Operative="true">15(4)(a)(i)</CitationSubRef></Text></Para></Commentary><Commentary id="key-44022fcac3c513e53703503adbbd6aca" Type="F"><Para><Text><CitationSubRef id="cbsvj8852-00023" SectionRef="section-91-3-c" URI="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2012/21/section/91/3/c">S. 91(3)(c)</CitationSubRef> substituted (3.7.2016) by <Citation URI="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/uksi/2016/680" id="cbsvj8852-00024" Class="UnitedKingdomStatutoryInstrument" Year="2016" Number="680" Title="The Financial Services and Markets Act 2000 (Market Abuse) Regulations 2016">The Financial Services and Markets Act 2000 (Market Abuse) Regulations 2016 (S.I. 2016/680)</Citation>, <CitationSubRef id="cbsvj8852-00025" CitationRef="cbsvj8852-00024" SectionRef="regulation-1" URI="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/uksi/2016/680/regulation/1">regs. 1</CitationSubRef>, <CitationSubRef id="cbsvj8852-00026" CitationRef="cbsvj8852-00024" SectionRef="regulation-15-4-a-ii" URI="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/uksi/2016/680/regulation/15/4/a/ii" Operative="true">15(4)(a)(ii)</CitationSubRef></Text></Para></Commentary><Commentary id="key-e6d1c8bde11637b0a02fa470daf68d65" Type="F"><Para><Text><CitationSubRef id="cbsvj8852-00033" SectionRef="section-91-4-c" URI="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2012/21/section/91/4/c">S. 91(4)(c)</CitationSubRef> substituted (3.7.2016) by <Citation URI="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/uksi/2016/680" id="cbsvj8852-00034" Class="UnitedKingdomStatutoryInstrument" Year="2016" Number="680" Title="The Financial Services and Markets Act 2000 (Market Abuse) Regulations 2016">The Financial Services and Markets Act 2000 (Market Abuse) Regulations 2016 (S.I. 2016/680)</Citation>, <CitationSubRef id="cbsvj8852-00035" CitationRef="cbsvj8852-00034" SectionRef="regulation-1" URI="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/uksi/2016/680/regulation/1">regs. 1</CitationSubRef>, <CitationSubRef id="cbsvj8852-00036" CitationRef="cbsvj8852-00034" SectionRef="regulation-15-4-b" URI="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/uksi/2016/680/regulation/15/4/b" Operative="true">15(4)(b)</CitationSubRef></Text></Para></Commentary></Commentaries></Legislation>