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Part 2U.K.Basic provisions

Chapter 2U.K.Rates at which income tax is charged

The ratesU.K.

6F1The ... basic rate[F2, higher rate and additional rate] U.K.

(1)The main rates at which income tax is charged are—

F3(a). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(b)the basic rate, F4...

(c)the higher rate[F5, and

(d)the additional rate.]

(2)The F6... basic rate[F7 , higher rate and additional rate] for a tax year are the rates determined as such by Parliament for the tax year.

F8(2A). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

F8(2B). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

F8(2C). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(3)For other rates at which income tax is charged see—

[F9(za)section 6A (Scottish basic, higher and additional rates),]

[F10(a)section 7 (starting rate for savings),]

(b)section 8 (dividend ordinary rate[F11, dividend upper rate and dividend additional rate]), and

(c)section 9 (trust rate and dividend trust rate).

Textual Amendments

F1Words in s. 6 heading omitted (21.7.2008 with effect in accordance with s. 5(6) of the amending Act) by virtue of Finance Act 2008 (c. 9), s. 5(5)

F2Words in s. 6 heading substituted (with effect in accordance with Sch. 2 para. 25 of the amending Act) by Finance Act 2009 (c. 10), Sch. 2 para. 2(3)

F3S. 6(1)(a) omitted (21.7.2008 with effect in accordance with s. 5(6) of the amending Act) by virtue of Finance Act 2008 (c. 9), s. 5(2)

F4Word in s. 6(1)(b) omitted (with effect in accordance with s. 6(6) of the amending Act) by virtue of Finance Act 2009 (c. 10), s. 6(2)

F5S. 6(1)(d) and preceding word inserted (with effect in accordance with s. 6(6) of the amending Act) by Finance Act 2009 (c. 10), s. 6(2)

F6Words in s. 6(2) omitted (21.7.2008 with effect in accordance with s. 5(6) of the amending Act) by virtue of Finance Act 2008 (c. 9), s. 5(3)

F7Words in s. 6(2) substituted (with effect in accordance with Sch. 2 para. 25 of the amending Act) by Finance Act 2009 (c. 10), Sch. 2 para. 2(2)

F8S. 6(2A)-(2C) omitted (with effect in accordance with Sch. 38 para. 12 of the amending Act) by virtue of Finance Act 2014 (c. 26), Sch. 38 para. 2(a)

F9S. 6(3)(za) inserted (with effect in accordance with Sch. 38 para. 12 of the amending Act) by Finance Act 2014 (c. 26), Sch. 38 para. 2(b)

F10S. 6(3)(a) substituted (21.7.2008 with effect in accordance with s. 5(6) of the amending Act) by Finance Act 2008 (c. 9), s. 5(4)

F11Words in s. 6(3)(b) substituted (with effect in accordance with s. 6(6) of the amending Act) by Finance Act 2009 (c. 10), s. 6(3)

[F126AThe Scottish basic, higher and additional ratesU.K.

(1)The Scottish basic rate, the Scottish higher rate and the Scottish additional rate for a tax year are calculated as follows.

(2)For provision about the setting of the Scottish rate, see Chapter 2 of Part 4A of the Scotland Act 1998.]

Textual Amendments

F12S. 6A inserted (with effect in accordance with Sch. 38 para. 12 of the amending Act) by Finance Act 2014 (c. 26), Sch. 38 para. 3

[F137The starting rate for savingsU.K.

The starting rate for savings is [F140%].]

Textual Amendments

F13S. 7 substituted (21.7.2008 with effect in accordance with Sch. 1 para. 65 of the amending Act) by Finance Act 2008 (c. 9), Sch. 1 para. 2

F14Word in s. 7 substituted (with effect in accordance with s. 3(5) of the amending Act) by Finance Act 2014 (c. 26), s. 3(1)

8The dividend ordinary rate[F15, dividend upper rate and dividend additional rate] U.K.

(1)The dividend ordinary rate is 10%.

(2)The dividend upper rate is 32.5%.

[F16(3)The dividend additional rate is [F1737.5%].]

Textual Amendments

F15Words in s. 8 heading substituted (with effect in accordance with Sch. 2 para. 25 of the amending Act) by Finance Act 2009 (c. 10), Sch. 2 para. 3(3)

F16S. 8(3) inserted (with effect in accordance with Sch. 2 para. 25 of the amending Act) by Finance Act 2009 (c. 10), Sch. 2 para. 3(2)

F17Figure in s. 8(3) substituted (17.7.2012) (with effect in accordance with s. 1(6) of the amending Act) by Finance Act 2012 (c. 14), s. 1(3)(a)

9The trust rate and dividend trust rateU.K.

(1)The trust rate is [F1845%].

(2)The dividend trust rate is [F1937.5%].

Textual Amendments

F18Words in s. 9(1) substituted (17.7.2012) (with effect in accordance with s. 1(6) of the amending Act) by Finance Act 2012 (c. 14), s. 1(3)(b)

F19Words in s. 9(2) substituted (17.7.2012) (with effect in accordance with s. 1(6) of the amending Act) by Finance Act 2012 (c. 14), s. 1(3)(c)

Income charged at particular ratesU.K.

10F20Income charged at the ... basic[F21, higher and additional] rates: individualsU.K.

F22(1). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

[F23(2)Income tax on an individual's income up to the basic rate limit is charged at the basic rate (except to the extent that, in accordance with section 12, it is charged at the starting rate for savings).]

(3)Income tax is charged at the higher rate on an individual's income above the basic rate limit [F24and up to the higher rate limit.]

[F25(3A)Income tax is charged at the additional rate on an individual's income above the higher rate limit.]

F26(3B). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

F26(3C). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(4)This section is subject to—

[F29(5)The basic rate limit is [F30£31,865].]

[F31(5A)The higher rate limit is £150,000.]

[F32(6)The basic rate limit [F33and higher rate limit are] increased in some circumstances: see—

(a)section 414(2) (gift aid relief), and

(b)section 192(4) of FA 2004 (relief for pension contributions).

(7)See section 21 for indexation of the basic rate limit.]

Textual Amendments

F20Word in s. 10 heading omitted (21.7.2008 with effect in accordance with Sch. 1 para. 65 of the amending Act) by virtue of Finance Act 2008 (c. 9), Sch. 1 para. 3(6)

F21Words in s. 10 heading substituted (with effect in accordance with Sch. 2 para. 25 of the amending Act) by Finance Act 2009 (c. 10), Sch. 2 para. 4(6)

F22S. 10(1) omitted (21.7.2008 with effect in accordance with Sch. 1 para. 65 of the amending Act) by virtue of Finance Act 2008 (c. 9), Sch. 1 para. 3(2)

F23S. 10(2) substituted (21.7.2008 with effect in accordance with Sch. 1 para. 65 of the amending Act) by Finance Act 2008 (c. 9), Sch. 1 para. 3(3)

F24Words in s. 10(3) inserted (with effect in accordance with Sch. 2 para. 25 of the amending Act) by Finance Act 2009 (c. 10), Sch. 2 para. 4(2)

F25S. 10(3A) inserted (with effect in accordance with Sch. 2 para. 25 of the amending Act) by Finance Act 2009 (c. 10), Sch. 2 para. 4(3)

F26S. 10(3B)(3C) omitted (with effect in accordance with Sch. 38 para. 12 of the amending Act) by virtue of Finance Act 2014 (c. 26), Sch. 38 para. 4(a)

F27S. 10(4) entry omitted (21.7.2008 with effect in accordance with Sch. 1 para. 65 of the amending Act) by virtue of Finance Act 2008 (c. 9), Sch. 1 para. 3(4)

F28Words in s. 10(4) inserted (with effect in accordance with Sch. 38 para. 12 of the amending Act) by Finance Act 2014 (c. 26), Sch. 38 para. 4(b)

F29S. 10(5) substituted (21.7.2008 with effect in accordance with s. 4(2)(3) of the amending Act) by Finance Act 2008 (c. 9), s. 4(1)

F30Sum in s. 10(5) substituted (with effect in accordance with s. 1(1) of the amending Act) by Finance Act 2014 (c. 26), s. 1(3)(a)

F31S. 10(5A) inserted (with effect in accordance with Sch. 2 para. 25 of the amending Act) by Finance Act 2009 (c. 10), Sch. 2 para. 4(4)

F32S. 10(6)(7) inserted (21.7.2008 with effect in accordance with Sch. 1 para. 65 of the amending Act) by Finance Act 2008 (c. 9), Sch. 1 para. 3(5)

F33Words in s. 10(6) substituted (with effect in accordance with Sch. 2 para. 25 of the amending Act) by Finance Act 2009 (c. 10), Sch. 2 para. 4(5)

11Income charged at the basic rate: other personsU.K.

(1)Income tax is charged at the basic rate on the income of persons other than individuals.

(2)This section is subject to—

Textual Amendments

F34Words in s. 11(2) omitted (21.7.2008 with effect in accordance with Sch. 1 para. 65 of the amending Act) by virtue of Finance Act 2008 (c. 9), Sch. 1 para. 4

[F3511AIncome charged at the Scottish basic, higher and additional ratesU.K.

(1)Income tax is charged at the Scottish basic rate on the income of a Scottish taxpayer which—

(a)is non-savings income, and

(b)would otherwise be charged at the basic rate.

(2)Income tax is charged at the Scottish higher rate on the income of a Scottish taxpayer which—

(a)is non-savings income, and

(b)would otherwise be charged at the higher rate.

(3)Income tax is charged at the Scottish additional rate on the income of a Scottish taxpayer which—

(a)is non-savings income, and

(b)would otherwise be charged at the additional rate.

(4)For the purposes of this section, “non-savings income” means income which is not savings income.

(5)This section is subject to—

(6)Section 16 has effect for determining the extent to which the non-savings income of a Scottish taxpayer would otherwise be charged at the basic, higher or additional rate.]

Textual Amendments

F35S. 11A inserted (with effect in accordance with Sch. 38 para. 12 of the amending Act) by Finance Act 2014 (c. 26), Sch. 38 para. 5

[F3612Income charged at the starting rate for savingsU.K.

(1)Income tax is charged at the starting rate for savings (rather than the basic rate) on so much of an individual's income up to the starting rate limit for savings as is savings income.

(2)This is subject to any provisions of the Income Tax Acts (apart from section 10) which provide for income of an individual to be charged at different rates of income tax in some circumstances.

(3)The starting rate limit for savings is [F37£5,000].

(4)See section 21 for indexation of the starting rate limit for savings.

(5)Section 16 has effect for determining the extent to which a person's income up to the starting rate limit for savings consists of savings income.]

Textual Amendments

F36S. 12 substituted (21.7.2008 with effect in accordance with Sch. 1 para. 65 of the amending Act) by Finance Act 2008 (c. 9), Sch. 1 para. 5

F37Sum in s. 12(3) substituted (temp.) (17.7.2014) by Finance Act 2014 (c. 26), s. 3(2)

13Income charged at the dividend ordinary[F38, dividend upper and dividend additional] rates: individualsU.K.

(1)Income tax is charged at the dividend ordinary rate on an individual's income which—

(a)is dividend income,

(b)would otherwise be charged at the F39... basic rate, [F40or the Scottish basic rate,] and

(c)is not relevant foreign income charged in accordance with section 832 of ITTOIA 2005 (relevant foreign income charged on the remittance basis).

(2)Income tax is charged at the dividend upper rate on an individual's income which—

(a)is dividend income, F41...

(b)would otherwise be charged at the higher rate, [F42or the Scottish higher rate,] [F43and

(c)is not relevant foreign income charged in accordance with section 832 of ITTOIA 2005.]

[F44(2A)Income tax is charged at the dividend additional rate on an individual's income which—

(a)is dividend income,

(b)would otherwise be charged at the additional rate, [F45or the Scottish additional rate,] and

(c)is not relevant foreign income charged in accordance with section 832 of ITTOIA 2005.]

(3)Subsections (1) [F46to (2A)] are subject to any provisions of the Income Tax Acts (apart from section 10 [F47or 11A]) which provide for income to be charged at different rates of income tax in some circumstances.

(4)Section 16 has effect for determining the extent to which an individual's dividend income would otherwise be charged at the F48... basic [F49, higher or additional] rate [F50or the Scottish basic, higher or additional rate].

Textual Amendments

F38Words in s. 13 heading substituted (with effect in accordance with Sch. 2 para. 25 of the amending Act) by Finance Act 2009 (c. 10), Sch. 2 para. 5(5)

F39Words in s. 13(1)(b) omitted (21.7.2008 with effect in accordance with Sch. 1 para. 65 of the amending Act) by virtue of Finance Act 2008 (c. 9), Sch. 1 para. 6(a)

F40Words in s. 13(1)(b) inserted (with effect in accordance with Sch. 38 para. 12 of the amending Act) by Finance Act 2014 (c. 26), Sch. 38 para. 6(a)

F41Word in s. 13(2)(a) omitted (21.7.2008 with effect in accordance with s. 68(2) of the amending Act) by virtue of Finance Act 2008 (c. 9), s. 68(1)(a)

F42Words in s. 13(2)(b) inserted (with effect in accordance with Sch. 38 para. 12 of the amending Act) by Finance Act 2014 (c. 26), Sch. 38 para. 6(b)

F43S. 13(2)(c) and word inserted (21.7.2008 with effect in accordance with s. 68(2) of the amending Act) by Finance Act 2008 (c. 9), s. 68(1)(b)

F44S. 13(2A) inserted (with effect in accordance with Sch. 2 para. 25 of the amending Act) by Finance Act 2009 (c. 10), Sch. 2 para. 5(2)

F45Words in s. 13(2A)(b) inserted (with effect in accordance with Sch. 38 para. 12 of the amending Act) by Finance Act 2014 (c. 26), Sch. 38 para. 6(c)

F46Words in s. 13(3) substituted (with effect in accordance with Sch. 2 para. 25 of the amending Act) by Finance Act 2009 (c. 10), Sch. 2 para. 5(3)

F47Words in s. 13(3) inserted (with effect in accordance with Sch. 38 para. 12 of the amending Act) by Finance Act 2014 (c. 26), Sch. 38 para. 6(d)

F48Word in s. 13(4) omitted (21.7.2008 with effect in accordance with Sch. 1 para. 65 of the amending Act) by virtue of Finance Act 2008 (c. 9), Sch. 1 para. 6(b)

F49Words in s. 13(4) substituted (with effect in accordance with Sch. 2 para. 25 of the amending Act) by Finance Act 2009 (c. 10), Sch. 2 para. 5(4)

F50Words in s. 13(4) inserted (with effect in accordance with Sch. 38 para. 12 of the amending Act) by Finance Act 2014 (c. 26), Sch. 38 para. 6(e)

14Income charged at the dividend ordinary rate: other personsU.K.

(1)Income tax is charged at the dividend ordinary rate on the income of persons other than individuals which—

(a)is dividend income,

(b)would otherwise be charged at the basic rate, and

(c)is not relevant foreign income charged in accordance with section 832 of ITTOIA 2005 (relevant foreign income charged on the remittance basis).

(2)This is subject to—

Textual Amendments

F51Words in s. 14(2) omitted (6.4.2014) by virtue of The Unauthorised Unit Trusts (Tax) Regulations 2013 (S.I. 2013/2819), regs. 1(3), 37(3) (with reg. 32)

15Income charged at the trust rate and the dividend trust rateU.K.

For the circumstances in which income tax is charged at the trust rate and the dividend trust rate, see Chapters 3 to 6 of Part 9.

16Savings and dividend income to be treated as highest part of total incomeU.K.

(1)This section has effect for determining[F52

[F53(za)the rate at which income tax would be charged on the non-savings income of a Scottish taxpayer apart from section 11A,]

(a)the extent to which a person's income up to the starting rate limit for savings consists of savings income, and

(b)the rate at which income tax would be charged on a person's dividend income apart from section 13.]

(2)It also has effect for all other income tax purposes except for the purposes of—

(a)section 491 (special rates not to apply to first slice of trustees' trust rate income), and

(b)sections 535 to 537 of ITTOIA 2005 (gains from contracts for life insurance etc: top slicing relief).

(3)If a person has savings income but no dividend income, the savings income is treated as the highest part of the person's total income.

(4)If a person has dividend income but no savings income, the dividend income is treated as the highest part of the person's total income.

(5)If a person has both savings income and dividend income—

(a)the savings income and dividend income are together treated as the highest part of the person's total income, and

(b)the dividend income is treated as the higher part of that part of the person's total income.

(6)See section 1012 for the relationship between—

(a)the rules in this section, and

(b)other rules requiring particular income to be treated as the highest part of a person's total income.

(7)References in this section to dividend income do not include dividend income which is relevant foreign income charged in accordance with section 832 of ITTOIA 2005 (relevant foreign income charged on the remittance basis).

Textual Amendments

F52Words in s. 16(1) substituted (21.7.2008 with effect in accordance with Sch. 1 para. 65 of the amending Act) by Finance Act 2008 (c. 9), Sch. 1 para. 7

F53S. 16(1)(za) substituted (with effect in accordance with Sch. 38 para. 12 of the amending Act) by Finance Act 2014 (c. 26), Sch. 38 para. 7

17Repayment: tax paid at basic rate instead of [F54starting rate for savings] U.K.

(1)This section applies if income tax at the basic rate has been paid on income on which income tax is chargeable at the [F55starting rate for savings] .

(2)If a claim is made, any necessary repayment of tax must be made.

Textual Amendments

F54Words in s. 17 heading substituted (21.7.2008 with effect in accordance with Sch. 1 para. 65 of the amending Act) by Finance Act 2008 (c. 9), Sch. 1 para. 8(3)

F55Words in s. 17(1) substituted (21.7.2008 with effect in accordance with Sch. 1 para. 65 of the amending Act) by Finance Act 2008 (c. 9), Sch. 1 para. 8(2)

18Meaning of “savings income”U.K.

(1)This section applies for the purposes of the Income Tax Acts.

(2)“Savings income” is income—

(a)which is within subsection (3) or (4), and

(b)which is not relevant foreign income charged in accordance with section 832 of ITTOIA 2005 (relevant foreign income charged on the remittance basis).

(3)Income is within this subsection if it is—

(a)income chargeable under Chapter 2 of Part 4 of ITTOIA 2005 (interest),

(b)income chargeable under Chapter 7 of Part 4 of ITTOIA 2005 (purchased life annuity payments), other than income from annuities specified in section 718(2) of that Act (annuities purchased from certain life assurance premium payments or under wills etc),

(c)income chargeable under Chapter 8 of Part 4 of ITTOIA 2005 (profits from deeply discounted securities), or

(d)income chargeable under Chapter 2 of Part 12 of this Act (accrued income profits).

(4)Income is within this subsection if—

(a)it is chargeable under Chapter 9 of Part 4 of ITTOIA 2005 (gains from contracts for life insurance etc), and

(b)an individual is, or personal representatives are, liable for income tax on it (under section 465 or 466 of that Act).

Modifications etc. (not altering text)

C1S. 18 excluded by Taxes Management Act 1970 (c. 9), s. 18E(2)(b) (as inserted (with effect in accordance with s. 381(1)) by Taxation (International and Other Provisions) Act 2010 (c. 8), s. 381(1), Sch. 7 para. 103 (with Sch. 9 paras. 1-9, 22))

19Meaning of “dividend income”U.K.

(1)This section applies for the purposes of the Income Tax Acts.

(2)“Dividend income” is income which is—

(a)chargeable under Chapter 3 of Part 4 of ITTOIA 2005 (dividends etc from UK resident companies),

(b)chargeable under Chapter 4 of that Part (dividends from non-UK resident companies),

(c)chargeable under Chapter 5 of that Part (stock dividends from UK resident companies),

(d)chargeable under Chapter 6 of that Part (release of loan to participator in close company), or

(e)a relevant foreign distribution chargeable under Chapter 8 of Part 5 of ITTOIA 2005 (income not otherwise charged).

(3)In subsection (2) “relevant foreign distribution” means a distribution of a non-UK resident company which—

(a)is not chargeable under Chapter 4 of Part 4 of ITTOIA 2005, but

(b)would be chargeable under Chapter 3 of that Part if the company were UK resident.

Starting rate limit and basic rate limitU.K.

F5620The starting rate limit and the basic rate limitU.K.

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Textual Amendments

F56S. 20 omitted (21.7.2008 with effect in accordance with Sch. 1 para. 65 of the amending Act) by virtue of Finance Act 2008 (c. 9), Sch. 1 para. 10

21Indexation of the [F57basic rate limit and starting rate limit for savings] U.K.

(1)This section applies if the [F58consumer prices index] for the September before the start of a tax year is higher than it was for the previous September.

F59(2). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(3)The basic rate limit for the tax year is the amount found as follows.

Step 1

Increase the basic rate limit for the previous tax year by the same percentage as the percentage increase in the [F60consumer prices index].

Step 2

If the result of Step 1 is a multiple of £100, it is the basic rate limit for the tax year.

If the result of Step 1 is not a multiple of £100, round it up to the nearest amount which is a multiple of £100.

That amount is the basic rate limit for the tax year.

[F61(3A)The starting rate limit for savings for the tax year is the amount found as follows.

Step 1

Increase the starting rate limit for savings for the previous tax year by the same percentage as the percentage increase in the [F62consumer prices index].

Step 2

If the result of Step 1 is a multiple of £10, it is the starting rate limit for savings for the tax year.

If the result of Step 1 is not a multiple of £10, round it up to the nearest amount which is a multiple of £10.

That amount is the starting rate limit for savings for the tax year.]

(4)Subsections [F63(3) and (3A)] do not require a change to be made in the amounts deductible or repayable under PAYE regulations during the period beginning on 6 April and ending on 17 May in the tax year.

(5)Before the start of the tax year the Treasury must make an order replacing the amounts specified in [F64sections 10 and 12] with the amounts which, as a result of subsections [F65(3) and (3A)], are the [F66basic rate limit and starting rate limit for savings] for the tax year.

[F67(6)In this section “consumer prices index” means the all items consumer prices index published by the Statistics Board.]

Textual Amendments

F57Words in s. 21 heading substituted (21.7.2008) by Finance Act 2008 (c. 9), Sch. 1 para. 11(6)

F58Words in s. 21(1) substituted (with effect in accordance with s. 4(4) of the amending Act) by Finance Act 2014 (c. 26), s. 4(2)(a)

F59S. 21(2) omitted (21.7.2008) by virtue of Finance Act 2008 (c. 9), Sch. 1 para. 11(2)

F60Words in s. 21(3) substituted (with effect in accordance with s. 4(4) of the amending Act) by Finance Act 2014 (c. 26), s. 4(2)(a)

F61S. 21(3A) inserted (21.7.2008) by Finance Act 2008 (c. 9), Sch. 1 para. 11(3)

F62Words in s. 21(3A) substituted (with effect in accordance with s. 4(4) of the amending Act) by Finance Act 2014 (c. 26), s. 4(2)(a)

F63Words in s. 21(4) substituted (21.7.2008) by Finance Act 2008 (c. 9), Sch. 1 para. 11(4)

F64Words in s. 21(5) substituted (21.7.2008) by Finance Act 2008 (c. 9), Sch. 1 para. 11(5)(a)

F65Words in s. 21(5) substituted (21.7.2008) by Finance Act 2008 (c. 9), Sch. 1 para. 11(5)(b)

F66Words in s. 21(5) substituted (21.7.2008) by Finance Act 2008 (c. 9), Sch. 1 para. 11(5)(c)

F67S. 21(6) inserted (with effect in accordance with s. 4(4) of the amending Act) by Finance Act 2014 (c. 26), s. 4(2)(b)

Modifications etc. (not altering text)

C2S. 21 excluded (21.7.2009) by Finance Act 2009 (c. 10), s. 2(2)

C3S. 21 excluded (19.7.2011) by Finance Act 2011 (c. 11), s. 2(2)

C4S. 21 excluded (17.7.2012) by Finance Act 2012 (c. 14), s. 2(2)

C5S. 21 excluded (17.7.2013) by Finance Act 2013 (c. 29), s. 3(2)

C6S. 21 excluded (17.7.2014) by Finance Act 2014 (c. 26), ss. 1(4)(a), 2(2)(a)

C7S. 21 excluded (temp.) (17.7.2014) by Finance Act 2014 (c. 26), s. 3(3)