(1)Qualifying expenditure has to be pooled for the purpose of determining a person’s entitlement to writing-down allowances and balancing allowances and liability to balancing charges.
(2)There is a separate pool—
(a)for each trade in respect of which the person has qualifying trade expenditure, and
(b)for all of the person’s qualifying non-trade expenditure.
(1)Whether a person is entitled to a writing-down allowance or a balancing allowance, or liable to a balancing charge, for a chargeable period is determined separately for each pool of qualifying expenditure and depends on—
(a)the available qualifying expenditure in that pool for that period (“AQE”), and
(b)the total of any disposal receipts to be brought into account in that pool for that period (“TDR”).
(2)If AQE exceeds TDR, the person is entitled to a writing-down allowance or a balancing allowance for the period.
(3)If TDR exceeds AQE, the person is liable to a balancing charge for the period.
(4)The entitlement under subsection (2) is to a writing-down allowance except for the final chargeable period when it is to a balancing allowance.
(5)The final chargeable period for a pool to which qualifying trade expenditure has been allocated is the chargeable period in which the trade is permanently discontinued.
(6)The final chargeable period for a pool to which qualifying non-trade expenditure has been allocated is the chargeable period in which the last of the patent rights on which the person has incurred qualifying non-trade expenditure—
(a)comes to an end without any of those rights being revived, or
(b)is wholly disposed of.
(1)The amount of the writing-down allowance to which a person is entitled for a chargeable period is 25% of the amount by which AQE exceeds TDR.
(2)If the chargeable period is more or less than a year, the amount is proportionately increased or reduced.
(3)If in the case of qualifying trade expenditure the trade has been carried on for part only of the chargeable period, the amount is proportionately reduced.
(4)A person claiming a writing-down allowance may require the allowance to be reduced to a specified amount.
(5)The amount of the balancing charge to which a person is liable for a chargeable period is the amount by which TDR exceeds AQE.
(6)The amount of the balancing allowance to which a person is entitled for the final chargeable period is the amount by which AQE exceeds TDR.
A person’s available qualifying expenditure in a pool for a chargeable period consists of—
(a)any qualifying expenditure allocated to the pool for that period in accordance with section 474, and
(b)any unrelieved qualifying expenditure carried forward in the pool from the previous chargeable period under section 475.
(1)The following rules apply to the allocation of a person’s qualifying expenditure to a pool.
(2)An amount of qualifying expenditure is not to be allocated to the pool for a chargeable period if that amount has been taken into account in determining the person’s available qualifying expenditure for an earlier chargeable period.
(3)Qualifying expenditure is not to be allocated to the pool for a chargeable period before that in which the expenditure is incurred.
(4)Qualifying expenditure incurred on patent rights is not to be allocated to the pool for a chargeable period if in any earlier period those rights—
(a)have come to an end without any of them having been revived, or
(b)have been wholly disposed of.
(1)A person has unrelieved qualifying expenditure to carry forward from a chargeable period if for that period AQE exceeds TDR.
(2)The amount of the unrelieved qualifying expenditure is—
(a)the excess less the writing-down allowance made for the period, or
(b)if no writing-down allowance is claimed for the period, the excess.
(3)No amount may be carried forward as unrelieved qualifying expenditure from the final chargeable period.
(1)In this Chapter “disposal receipt” means a disposal value that a person is required to bring into account in accordance with—
(a)this section, or
(b)paragraph 11 of Schedule 12 to FA 1997 (finance lease or loan: receipt of major lump sum) or any other enactment.
(2)A person is required to bring a disposal value into account for the chargeable period in which he sells the whole or a part of any patent rights on which he has incurred qualifying expenditure.
(3)Subject to section 477, the disposal value to be brought into account is the net proceeds of the sale, so far as they consist of capital sums.
(1)The amount of any disposal value, or the total amount of any disposal values, required to be brought into account by a person—
(a)on the sale of the whole of any patent rights, or
(b)on one or more sales of part of any patent rights,
is limited to the capital expenditure incurred by the person on purchasing the rights.
(2)But subsection (3) applies if the person acquired the rights as a result of—
(a)a transaction which was between connected persons, or
(b)a series of transactions each of which was between connected persons.
(3)That amount, or total amount, is limited to the capital expenditure on purchasing the rights incurred by whichever party to the transaction, or to any of the transactions, incurred the greatest such expenditure.