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Part IE+W LANDLORD AND TENANT

Chapter IVE+W ESTATE MANAGEMENT SCHEMES IN CONNECTION WITH ENFRANCHISEMENT

69 Estate management schemes.E+W

(1)For the purposes of this Chapter an estate management scheme is a scheme which (subject to sections 71 and 73) is approved by [F1the appropriate tribunal] under section 70 for an area occupied directly or indirectly under leases held from one landlord (apart from property occupied by him or his licensees or for the time being unoccupied) and which is designed to secure that in the event of tenants—

[F2(a)acquiring the landlord’s interest in their house and premises (“the house”) under Part I of the M1Leasehold Reform Act 1967 by virtue of the provisions of section 1AA of that Act (as inserted by paragraph 1 of Schedule 9 to the Housing Act 1996), or

(b)acquiring the landlord’s interest in any premises (“the premises”) in accordance with Chapter I of this Part of this Act [F3in circumstances in which, but for section 117(1) of the Commonhold and Leasehold Reform Act 2002 and the repeal by that Act of paragraph 3 of Schedule 9 to the Housing Act 1996, they would have been entitled to acquire it by virtue of the amendments of that Chapter made by that paragraph],]

the landlord will—

(i)retain powers of management in respect of the house or premises, and

(ii)have rights against the house or premises in respect of the benefits arising from the exercise elsewhere of his powers of management.

(2)An estate management scheme may make different provision for different parts of the area of the scheme, and shall include provision for terminating or varying all or any of the provisions of the scheme, or excluding part of the area, if a change of circumstances makes it appropriate, or for enabling it to be done by or with the approval of [F4the appropriate tribunal].

(3)Without prejudice to any other provision of this section, an estate management scheme may provide for all or any of the following matters—

(a)for regulating the redevelopment, use or appearance of property in which tenants have acquired the landlord’s interest as mentioned in subsection (1)(a) or (b);

(b)for empowering the landlord for the time being to carry out works of maintenance, repair, renewal or replacement in relation to any such property or carry out work to remedy a failure in respect of any such property to comply with the scheme, or for making the operation of any provisions of the scheme conditional on his doing so or on the provision or maintenance by him of services, facilities or amenities of any description;

(c)for imposing on persons from time to time occupying or interested in any such property obligations in respect of the carrying out of works of maintenance, repair, renewal or replacement in relation to the property or property used or enjoyed by them in common with others, or in respect of costs incurred by the landlord for the time being on any matter referred to in this paragraph or in paragraph (b) above [F5provided that where obligations are imposed in relation to an occupation contract they are not incompatible with a fundamental provision of the Renting Homes (Wales) Act 2016 (anaw 1)];

(d)for the inspection from time to time of any such property on behalf of the landlord for the time being, and for the recovery by him of sums due to him under the scheme in respect of any such property by means of a charge on the property;

and the landlord for the time being shall have, for the enforcement of any charge imposed under the scheme, the same powers and remedies under the M2Law of Property Act 1925 and otherwise as if he were a mortgagee by deed having powers of sale and leasing and of appointing a receiver.

[F6(3A)In this section, the following terms have the same meaning as in the Renting Homes (Wales) Act 2016 (anaw 1)—

(a)“fundamental provision” (see section 18 (see also section 19) of that Act);

(b)“occupation contract” (see section 7 of that Act).]

(4)Except as provided by the scheme, the operation of an estate management scheme shall not be affected by any disposition or devolution of the landlord’s interest in the property within the area of the scheme or in parts of that property; but the scheme—

(a)shall include provision for identifying the person who is for the purposes of the scheme to be treated as the landlord for the time being; and

(b)shall also include provision for transferring, or allowing the landlord for the time being to transfer, all or any of the powers and rights conferred by the scheme on the landlord for the time being to a local authority or other body, including a body constituted for the purpose.

(5)Without prejudice to the generality of paragraph (b) of subsection (4), an estate management scheme may provide for the operation of any provision for transfer included in the scheme in accordance with that paragraph to be dependent—

(a)on a determination of [F7the appropriate tribunal] effecting or approving the transfer;

(b)on such other circumstances as the scheme may provide.

(6)An estate management scheme may extend to property in which the landlord’s interest is disposed of otherwise than as mentioned in subsection (1)(a) or (b) (whether residential property or not), so as to make that property, or allow it to be made, subject to any such provision as is or might be made by the scheme for property in which tenants acquire the landlord’s interest as mentioned in either of those provisions.

(7)In this Chapter references to the landlord for the time being shall have effect, in relation to powers and rights transferred to a local authority or other body as contemplated by subsection (4)(b) above, as references to that authority or body.

[F8(8)For the purposes of this Chapter, “appropriate tribunal” means—

(a)in relation to an area or areas in England, the First-tier Tribunal or, where determined by or under Tribunal Procedure Rules, the Upper Tribunal; and

(b)in relation to an area or areas in Wales, a leasehold valuation tribunal.]

Textual Amendments

F2S. 69(1)(a)(b) substituted (1.4.1997) by 1996 c. 52, s. 118(1)(2); S.I. 1997/618, art. 2(1) (with transitional savings in art. 2, Sch. para. 3)

F3Words in s. 69(1)(b) substituted (26.7.2002 for E. and 1.1.2003 for W.) by Commonhold and Leasehold Reform Act 2002 (c. 15), s. 117(2); S.I. 2002/1912, art. 2(b)(i) (subject to Sch. 2); S. I. 2002/3012, art. 2(b)(i) (subject to Sch. 2)

Marginal Citations

70 Approval by F9... tribunal of estate management scheme.E+W

(1)[F10The appropriate tribunal] may, on an application made by a landlord for the approval of a scheme submitted by him to the tribunal, approve the scheme as an estate management scheme for such area falling within section 69(1) as is specified in the scheme; but any such application must (subject to section 72) be made within the period of [F11two years beginning with the coming into force of section 118 of the Housing Act 1996].

(2)[F12The appropriate tribunal] shall not approve a scheme as an estate management scheme for any area unless it is satisfied that, in order to maintain adequate standards of appearance and amenity and regulate redevelopment within the area in the event of tenants acquiring the interest of the landlord in any property as mentioned in section 69(1)(a) or (b), it is in the general interest that the landlord should retain such powers of management and have such rights falling within section 69(1)(i) and (ii) as are conferred by the scheme.

(3)In considering whether to approve a scheme as an estate management scheme for any area, [F13the appropriate tribunal] shall have regard primarily to—

(a)the benefit likely to result from the scheme to the area as a whole (including houses or premises likely to be acquired from the landlord as mentioned in section 69(1)(a) or (b)); and

(b)the extent to which it is reasonable to impose, for the benefit of the area, obligations on tenants so acquiring the interest of their landlord;

but the tribunal shall also have regard to the past development and present character of the area and to architectural or historical considerations, to neighbouring areas and to the circumstances generally.

(4)[F14The appropriate tribunal] shall not consider any application for it to approve a scheme unless it is satisfied that the applicant has, by advertisement or otherwise, given adequate notice to persons interested—

(a)informing them of the application for approval of the scheme and the provision intended to be made by the scheme, and

(b)inviting them to make representations to the tribunal about the application within a time which appears to the tribunal to be reasonable.

(5)In subsection (4) “persons interested” includes, in particular, in relation to any application for the approval of a scheme for any area (“the scheme area”) within a conservation area—

(a)each local planning authority within whose area any part of the scheme area falls, and

(b)if the whole of the scheme area is in England, the Historic Buildings and Monuments Commission for England.

[F15(6)Where the application is to be considered in an oral hearing, the tribunal shall afford to any person making representations under subsection (4)(b) about the application an opportunity to appear at the hearing.]

(7)Subject to the preceding provisions of this section, [F16the appropriate tribunal] shall, after considering the application, approve the scheme in question either—

(a)as originally submitted, or

(b)with any relevant modifications proposed or agreed to by the applicant,

if the scheme (with those modifications, if any) appears to the tribunal—

(i)to be fair and practicable, and

(ii)not to give the landlord a degree of control out of proportion to that previously exercised by him or to that required for the purposes of the scheme.

(8)In subsection (7) “relevant modifications” means modifications relating to the extent of the area to which the scheme is to apply or to the provisions contained in it.

(9)If, having regard to—

(a)the matters mentioned in subsection (3), and

(b)the provision which it is practicable to make by a scheme,

the tribunal thinks it proper to do so, the tribunal may declare that no scheme can be approved for the area in question in pursuance of the application.

(10)[F17The appropriate tribunal] shall not dismiss an application for the approval of a scheme unless—

(a)it makes such a declaration as is mentioned in subsection (9); or

(b)in the opinion of the tribunal the applicant is unwilling to agree to a suitable scheme or is not proceeding in the matter with due despatch.

[F18(10A)Any person who makes representations under subsection (4)(b) about an application for the approval of a scheme may appeal from a decision of the tribunal in proceedings on the application.]

(11)A scheme approved under this section as an estate management scheme for an area shall be a local land charge, notwithstanding section 2(a) or (b) of the M3Local Land Charges Act 1975 (matters which are not local land charges), and for the purposes of that Act the landlord for that area shall be treated as the originating authority as respects any such charge.

(12)Where such a scheme is registered in the F19... local land charges register—

(a)the provisions of the scheme relating to property of any description shall so far as they respectively affect the persons from time to time occupying or interested in that property be enforceable by the landlord for the time being against them, as if each of them had covenanted with the landlord for the time being to be bound by the scheme; and

(b)in relation to any acquisition such as is mentioned in section 69(1)(a) above, section 10 of the M4Leasehold Reform Act 1967 (rights to be conveyed on enfranchisement) shall have effect subject to the provisions of the scheme, and the price payable under section 9 of that Act shall be adjusted so far as is appropriate (if at all); and

(c)in relation to any acquisition such as is mentioned in section 69(1)(b) above, section 34 of, and Schedule 7 to, this Act shall have effect subject to the provisions of the scheme, and any price payable under Schedule 6 to this Act shall be adjusted so far as is appropriate (if at all).

(13)Section 10 of the Local Land Charges Act 1975 (compensation for non-registration etc.) shall not apply to schemes which, by virtue of subsection (11) above, are local land charges.

(14)In this section and in section 73 “conservation area” and “local planning authority” have the same meaning as in the M5Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) Act 1990; and in connection with the latter expression—

(a)the expression “the planning Acts” in the M6Town and Country Planning Act 1990 shall be treated as including this Act; and

(b)paragraphs 4 and 5 of Schedule 4 to the Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) Act 1990 (further provisions as to exercise of functions by different authorities) shall apply in relation to functions under or by virtue of this section or section 73 of this Act as they apply in relation to functions under section 69 of that Act.

Textual Amendments

F9Words in s. 70 heading omitted (1.7.2013) by virtue of The Transfer of Tribunal Functions Order 2013 (S.I. 2013/1036), art. 1, Sch. 1 para. 112(a) (with Sch. 3)

F11Words in s. 70(1) substituted (1.4.1997) by 1996 c. 52, s. 118(1)(3); S.I. 1997/618, art. 2(1) (with transitional savings in art. 2, Sch. para. 3)

F19Word in s. 70(12) omitted (12.4.2015) by virtue of Infrastructure Act 2015 (c. 7), s. 57(5)(e), Sch. 5 para. 38 (with Sch. 5 Pt. 4)

Marginal Citations

71 Applications by two or more landlords or by representative bodies.E+W

(1)Where, on a joint application made by two or more persons as landlords of neighbouring areas, it appears to [F20the appropriate tribunal]—

(a)that a scheme could in accordance with subsections (1) and (2) of section 70 be approved as an estate management scheme for those areas, treated as a unit, if the interests of those persons were held by a single person, and

(b)that the applicants are willing to be bound by the scheme to co-operate in the management of their property in those areas and in the administration of the scheme,

the tribunal may (subject to the provisions of section 70 and subsection (2) below) approve the scheme under that section as an estate management scheme for those areas as a whole.

(2)Any such scheme shall be made subject to conditions (enforceable in such manner as may be provided by the scheme) for securing that the landlords and their successors co-operate as mentioned in subsection (1)(b) above.

(3)Where it appears to [F21the appropriate tribunal]—

(a)that a scheme could, on the application of any landlord or landlords, be approved under section 70 as an estate management scheme for any area or areas, and

(b)that any body of persons—

(i)is so constituted as to be capable of representing for the purposes of the scheme the persons occupying or interested in property in the area or areas (other than the landlord or landlords or his or their licensees), or such of them as are or may become entitled to acquire their landlord’s interest as mentioned in section 69(1)(a) or (b), and

(ii)is otherwise suitable,

an application for the approval of the scheme under section 70 may be made to the tribunal by the representative body alone or by the landlord or landlords alone or by both jointly and, by leave of the tribunal, may be proceeded with by the representative body or by the landlord or landlords despite the fact that the body or landlord or landlords in question did not make the application.

(4)Without prejudice to section 69(4)(b), any such scheme may with the consent of the landlord or landlords, or on such terms as to compensation or otherwise as appear to the tribunal to be just—

(a)confer on the representative body any such rights or powers under the scheme as might be conferred on the landlord or landlords for the time being, or

(b)enable the representative body to participate in the administration of the scheme or in the management by the landlord or landlords of his or their property in the area or areas.

(5)Where any such scheme confers any rights or powers on the representative body in accordance with subsection (4) above, section 70(11) and (12)(a) shall have effect with such modifications (if any) as are provided for in the scheme.

Textual Amendments

72 Applications after expiry of two-year period.E+W

(1)An application for the approval of a scheme for an area under section 70 (including an application in accordance with section 71(1) or (3)) may be made after the expiry of the period mentioned in subsection (1) of that section if the Secretary of State has, not more than six months previously, consented to the making of such an application for that area or for an area within which that area falls.

(2)The Secretary of State may give consent under subsection (1) to the making of an application (“the proposed application”) only where he is satisfied—

(a)that either or both of the conditions mentioned in subsection (3) apply; and

(b)that adequate notice has been given to persons interested informing them of the request for consent and the purpose of the request.

(3)The conditions referred to in subsection (2)(a) are—

(a)that the proposed application could not have been made before the expiry of the period mentioned in section 70(1); and

(b)that—

(i)any application for the approval under section 70 of a scheme for the area, or part of the area, to which the proposed application relates would probably have been dismissed under section 70(10)(a) had it been made before the expiry of that period; but

(ii)because of a change in any of the circumstances required to be considered under section 70(3) the proposed application would, if made following the giving of consent by the Secretary of State, probably be granted.

(4)A request for consent under subsection (1) must be in writing and must comply with such requirements (if any) as to the form of, or the particulars to be contained in, any such request as the Secretary of State may by regulations prescribe.

(5)The procedure for considering a request for consent under subsection (1) shall be such as may be prescribed by regulations made by the Secretary of State.

73 Applications by certain public bodies.E+W

(1)Where it appears to [F22the appropriate tribunal] after the expiry of the period mentioned in section 70(1) that a scheme could, on the application of any landlord or landlords within that period, have been approved under section 70 as an estate management scheme for any area or areas within a conservation area, an application for the approval of the scheme under that section may, subject to subsections (2) and (3) below, be made to the tribunal by one or more bodies constituting the relevant authority for the purposes of this section.

(2)An application under subsection (1) may only be made if—

(a)no scheme has been approved under section 70 for the whole or any part of the area or areas to which the application relates (“the scheme area”); and

(b)any application which has been made in accordance with section 70(1), 71(1) or 71(3) for the approval of a scheme for the whole or any part of the scheme area has been withdrawn or dismissed; and

(c)no request for consent under section 72(1) which relates to the whole or any part of the scheme area is pending or has been granted within the last six months.

(3)An application under subsection (1) above must be made within the period of six months beginning—

(a)with the date on which the period mentioned in section 70(1) expires, or

(b)if any application has been made as mentioned in subsection (2)(b) above, with the date (or, as the case may be, the latest date) on which any such application is withdrawn or dismissed,

whichever is the later; but if at any time during that period of six months a request of a kind mentioned in subsection (2)(c) above is pending or granted, an application under subsection (1) above may, subject to subsection (2) above, be made within the period of—

(i)six months beginning with the date on which the request is withdrawn or refused, or

(ii)twelve months beginning with the date on which the request is granted,

as the case may be.

(4)A scheme approved on an application under subsection (1) may confer on the applicant or applicants any such rights or powers under the scheme as might have been conferred on the landlord or landlords for the time being.

(5)For the purposes of this section the relevant authority for the scheme area is—

(a)where that area falls wholly within the area of a local planning authority—

(i)that authority; or

(ii)subject to subsection (6), that authority acting jointly with the Historic Buildings and Monuments Commission for England (“the Commission”); or

(iii)subject to subsection (6), the Commission; or

(b)in any other case—

(i)all of the local planning authorities within each of whose areas any part of the scheme area falls, acting jointly; or

(ii)subject to subsection (6), one or more of those authorities acting jointly with the Commission; or

(iii)subject to subsection (6), the Commission.

(6)The Commission may make, or join in the making of, an application under subsection (1) only if—

(a)the whole of the scheme area is in England; and

(b)they have consulted any local planning authority within whose area the whole or any part of the scheme area falls.

(7)Where a scheme is approved on an application under subsection (1) by two or more bodies acting jointly, the scheme shall, if the tribunal considers it appropriate, be made subject to conditions (enforceable in such manner as may be provided by the scheme) for securing that those bodies co-operate in the administration of the scheme.

(8)Where a scheme is approved on an application under subsection (1)—

(a)section 70(11) and (12)(a) shall (subject to subsection (9) below) have effect as if any reference to the landlord, or the landlord for the time being, for the area for which an estate management scheme has been approved were a reference to the applicant or applicants; and

(b)section 70(12)(b) and (c) shall each have effect with the omission of so much of that provision as relates to the adjustment of any such price as is there mentioned.

(9)A scheme so approved shall not be enforceable by a local planning authority in relation to any property falling outside the authority’s area; and in the case of a scheme approved on a joint application made by one or more local planning authorities and the Commission, the scheme may provide for any of its provisions to be enforceable in relation to property falling within the area of a local planning authority either by the authority alone, or by the Commission alone, or by the authority and the Commission acting jointly, as the scheme may provide.

(10)For the purposes of—

(a)section 9(1A) of the M7Leasehold Reform Act 1967 (purchase price on enfranchisement) as it applies in relation to any acquisition such as is mentioned in section 69(1)(a) above, and

(b)paragraph 3 of Schedule 6 to this Act as it applies in relation to any acquisition such as is mentioned in section 69(1)(b) above (including that paragraph as it applies by virtue of paragraph 7 or 11 of that Schedule),

it shall be assumed that any scheme approved under subsection (1) and relating to the property in question had not been so approved, and accordingly any application for such a scheme to be approved, and the possibility of such an application being made, shall be disregarded.

(11)Section 70(14) applies for the purposes of this section.

Textual Amendments

Marginal Citations

74 Effect of application for approval on claim to acquire freehold.E+W

(1)Subject to subsections (5) and (6), this subsection applies where—

(a)an application (“the scheme application”) is made for the approval of a scheme as an estate management scheme for any area or a request (“the request for consent”) is made for consent under section 72(1) in relation to any area, and

(b)whether before or after the making of the application or request—

(i)the tenant of a house in that area gives notice of his desire to have the freehold under Part I of the M8Leasehold Reform Act 1967, F23. . .

(ii)a notice is given under section 13 above in respect of any premises in the area [F24and

(c)in the case of an application for the approval of a scheme as an estate management scheme, the scheme would extend to the house or premises if acquired in pursuance of the notice.]

(2)Where subsection (1) applies by virtue of paragraph (b)(i) of that subsection, then—

(a)no further steps need be taken towards the execution of a conveyance to give effect to section 10 of the 1967 Act beyond those which appear to the landlord to be reasonable in the circumstances; and

(b)if the notice referred to in subsection (1)(b)(i) (“the tenant’s notice”) was given before the making of the scheme application or the request for consent, that notice may be withdrawn by a further notice given by the tenant to the landlord.

(3)Where subsection (1) applies by virtue of paragraph (b)(ii) of that subsection, then—

(a)if the notice referred to in that provision (“the initial notice”) was given before the making of the scheme application or the request for consent, the notice may be withdrawn by a further notice given by the nominee purchaser to the reversioner;

(b)unless the initial notice is so withdrawn, the reversioner shall, if he has not already given the nominee purchaser a counter-notice under section 21, give him by the date referred to in subsection (1) of that section a counter-notice which complies with one of the requirements set out in subsection (2) of that section (but in relation to which subsection (3) of that section need not be complied with); and

(c)no proceedings shall be brought under Chapter I in pursuance of the initial notice otherwise than under section 22 or 23, and, if the court under either of those sections makes an order requiring the reversioner to give a further counter-notice to the nominee purchaser, the date by which it is to be given shall be such date as falls two months after subsection (1) above ceases to apply;

but no other counter-notice need be given under Chapter I, and (subject to the preceding provisions of this subsection) no further steps need be taken towards the final determination (whether by agreement or otherwise) of the terms of the proposed acquisition by the nominee purchaser beyond those which appear to the reversioner to be reasonable in the circumstances.

(4)If the tenant’s notice or the initial notice is withdrawn in accordance with subsection (2) or (3) above, section 9(4) of the 1967 Act or (as the case may be) section 33 above shall not have effect to require the payment of any costs incurred in pursuance of that notice.

(5)Where the scheme application is withdrawn or dismissed, subsection (1) does not apply at any time falling after—

(a)the date of the withdrawal of the application, or

(b)the date when the decision of the tribunal dismissing the application becomes final,

as the case may be; and subsection (1) does not apply at any time falling after the date on which a scheme is approved for the area referred to in that subsection, or for any part of it, in pursuance of the scheme application.

(6)Where the request for consent is withdrawn or refused, subsection (1) does not apply at any time falling after the date on which the request is withdrawn or refused, as the case may be; and where the request is granted, subsection (1) does not apply at any time falling more than six months after the date on which it is granted (unless that subsection applies by virtue of an application made in reliance on the consent).

(7)Where, in accordance with subsection (5) or (6), subsection (1) ceases to apply as from a particular date, it shall do so without prejudice to—

(a)the effect of anything done before that date in pursuance of subsection (2) or (3); or

(b)the operation of any provision of this Part, or of regulations made under it, in relation to anything so done.

(8)If, however, no notice of withdrawal has been given in accordance with subsection (3) before the date when subsection (1) so ceases to apply and before that date either—

(a)the reversioner has given the nominee purchaser a counter-notice under section 21 complying with the requirement set out in subsection (2)(a) of that section, or

(b)section 23(6) would (but for subsection (3) above) have applied to require the reversioner to give a further counter-notice to the nominee purchaser,

the reversioner shall give a further counter-notice to the nominee purchaser within the period of two months beginning with the date when subsection (1) ceases to apply.

(9)Subsections (3) to (5) of section 21 shall apply to any further counter-notice required to be given by the reversioner under subsection (8) above as if it were a counter-notice under that section complying with the requirement set out in subsection (2)(a) of that section; and sections 24 and 25 shall apply in relation to any such counter-notice as they apply in relation to one required by section 22(3).

(10)In this section—

and references to the approval of a scheme for any area include references to the approval of a scheme for two or more areas in accordance with section 71 or 73 above.

Textual Amendments

F23Words in s. 74(1)(b)(i) omitted (1.4.1997) by virtue of 1996 c. 52, s. 118(1)(4)(a); S.I. 1997/618, art. 2(1) (with transitional savings in art. 2, Sch. para. 3)

F24Word 'and' and s. 74(1)(c) inserted (1.4.1997) by 1996 c. 52, s. 118(1)(4)(b); S.I. 1997/618, art. 2(1) (with transitional savings in art. 2, Sch. para. 3)

Marginal Citations

75 Variation of existing schemes.E+W

(1)Where a scheme under section 19 of the M10Leasehold Reform Act 1967 (estate management schemes in connection with enfranchisement under that Act) includes, in pursuance of subsection (6) of that section, provision for enabling the termination or variation of the scheme, or the exclusion of part of the area of the scheme, by or with the approval of the High Court, that provision shall have effect—

(a)as if any reference to the High Court were a reference to [F25the appropriate tribunal], and

(b)with such modifications (if any) as are necessary in consequence of paragraph (a).

(2)A scheme under that section may be varied by or with the approval of [F26the appropriate tribunal] for the purpose of, or in connection with, extending the scheme to property within the area of the scheme in which the landlord’s interest may be acquired as mentioned in section 69(1)(a) above.

(3)Where any such scheme has been varied in accordance with subsection (2) above, section 19 of that Act shall apply as if the variation had been effected under provisions included in the scheme in pursuance of subsection (6) of that section (and accordingly the scheme may be further varied under provisions so included).

F27(4). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

F27(5). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Textual Amendments

Commencement Information

I1S. 75 wholly in force; s. 75 not in force at Royal Assent see s. 188(2); s. 75 in force for certain purposes at 2.9.1993 by S.I. 1993/2134, art. 3; s. 75 in force at 1.11.1993 in so far as it was not in force, by S.I. 1993/2134, art. 5(a)

Marginal Citations