Scottish Statutory Instruments
2004 No. 406
BUILDING AND BUILDINGS
The Building (Scotland) Regulations 2004
Made 22nd September 2004
Laid before the Scottish Parliament 23rd September 2004
Coming into force 1st May 2005

The Scottish Ministers, in exercise of the powers conferred by sections 1, 3(3), 8(8), 54, 56 of and Schedule 1 to, the Building (Scotland) Act 2003 and of all other powers enabling them in that behalf, and having consulted the Building Standards Advisory Committee and such other persons as appear to them to be representative of the interests concerned, in accordance with section 1(2) of that Act, hereby make the following Regulations:
2003 asp 8.

Citation and commencement
1. These Regulations may be cited as the Building (Scotland) Regulations 2004 and shall come into force on 1st May 2005.

Interpretation
2. (1) In these Regulations, unless the context otherwise requires–
“the Act” means the Building (Scotland) Act 2003;
“agriculture” has the same meaning as in the Agriculture (Scotland) Act 1948 and “agricultural” shall be construed accordingly;
“boundary” means a boundary between land on which the building is situated and land in different occupation, so however that–
(a) in relation to any road, whether public or private, public access way or public right of way, river, stream, canal, loch, pond, common land or a public open space it should be taken to mean the centre line thereof; and
(b) the sea and its foreshore should not be regarded as land in different occupation;
“building site” means any area of land on which work is, or is to be, carried out;
“different occupation” in relation to two adjoining buildings or parts of one building, means occupation of those buildings by different persons;
“direct emission heating system”, in relation to a building, means a fixed combustion appliance installation (other than a fixed combustion appliance installation which is a source of production from which thermal energy is distributed by a heat network) the purpose of which is to produce thermal energy by which space within the building is heated or cooled, or by which hot water is made available in the building, and which—
(a) is located within the building, or curtilage of the building, and
(b) during normal operation produces more than a negligible level of greenhouse gas emissions at the point of production of that thermal energy,
“domestic building” means a dwelling or dwellings and any common areas associated with the dwelling;
“dwelling” means a unit of residential accommodation occupied (whether or not as a sole or main residence)–
(a) by an individual or by individuals living together as a family; or
(b) by not more than six individuals living together as a single household (including a household where care is provided for residents),
and includes any surgeries, consulting rooms, offices or other accommodation, of a floor area not exceeding in the aggregate 50 square metres, forming part of a dwelling and used by an occupant of the dwelling in a professional or business capacity;
“energy performance certificate” has the same meaning as in the Energy Performance of Buildings (Scotland) Regulations 2008.
“flat” means a dwelling on one storey, forming part of a building from some other part of which it is divided horizontally, and includes a dwelling of which the main entrance door and associated hall are on a different storey from the remainder of the dwelling;
“greenhouse gas” has the same meaning as in section 10 of the Climate Change (Scotland) Act 2009,
“heat network” and “thermal energy” have the same meaning as in section 1 of the Heat Networks (Scotland) Act 2021,
...
“house” means a dwelling on one or more storeys, either detached or forming part of a building from all other parts of which it is divided only vertically;
“maisonette” means a dwelling on more than one storey, forming part of a building from some other part of which it is divided horizontally;
“pre-2024 building” means a building—
(a) originally constructed before 1 April 2024, or
(b) constructed after that date in accordance with a building warrant granted (whether before or after that date) in respect of an application for a building warrant made before that date,
“residential building” means a building, other than a domestic building, having sleeping accommodation;
“residential care building” means a building used, or to be used, for the provision of–
(a) a care home service; or
(b) a school care accommodation service,
and for these purposes the expressions mentioned in sub-paragraphs (a) and (b) above have the same meaning as in the Public Services Reform (Scotland) Act 2010;
“sanitary facility” includes washbasin, sink, bath, shower, urinal, or watercloset, and in dwellings only, includes a waterless closet;
“shared multi-occupancy residential building” means a residential building occupied as a sole or main residence by more than six individuals where those occupying the building, or part of the building, share the use of sanitary facilities or facilities for the preparation of cooked food with other persons occupying the building, or part of the building,
“sheltered housing complex” means–
(a) two or more dwellings in the same building; or
(b) two or more dwellings on adjacent sites,
where those dwellings are, in each case, designed and constructed for the purpose of providing residential accommodation for people who receive, or who are to receive, a support service; and, for these purposes, “support service” has the same meaning as in the “Public Services Reform (Scotland) Act 2010;
“site” in relation to a building, means the area of ground covered or to be covered by the building, including its foundations; and
“social housing dwelling” means a dwelling occupied by virtue of a Scottish secure tenancy within the meaning of section 11 of the Housing (Scotland) Act 2001,
“statement of sustainability” means a statement issued for the purpose of compliance with regulation 9 and section 7.1(c) of Schedule 5;
“storey” means that part of a building which is situated between the top of any floor being the lowest floor level within the storey and the top of the floor next above it being the highest floor level within the storey or, if there is no floor above it, between the top of the floor and the ceiling above it or, if there is no ceiling above it, the internal surface of the roof; and for this purpose a gallery or catwalk, or an open walk floor or storage racking, shall be considered to be part of the storey in which it is situated.
(2) In these Regulations, unless the context otherwise requires, a reference to a numbered regulation or Schedule is a reference to the regulation in, or Schedule to, these regulations bearing that number, and the reference in a regulation to a numbered paragraph is a reference to the paragraph in that regulation bearing that number.
(3) In determining what is reasonably practicable for the purposes of these Regulations regard may be had to all the circumstances including the expense involved in carrying out the work.
1948 c. 45.
Words in reg. 2(1) substituted (1.4.2024) by The Building (Scotland) Amendment Regulations 2023 (S.S.I. 2023/177), regs. 1, 3(a) (with reg. 6)
Words in reg. 2(1) inserted (4.1.2009) by The Building (Scotland) Amendment Regulations 2008 (S.S.I. 2008/310), regs. 1, 2(2)
Words in reg. 2 inserted (1.2.2023) by The Building (Scotland) Amendment Regulations 2022 (S.S.I. 2022/136), regs. 1(3), 8(b) (with reg. 11) (as amended by S.S.I. 2022/340, reg. 2)
Words in reg. 2(1) omitted (1.3.2021) by virtue of The Building (Scotland) Amendment Regulations 2020 (S.S.I. 2020/275), regs. 1, 2(2)(a)
Words in reg. 2(1) inserted (1.4.2024) by The Building (Scotland) Amendment Regulations 2023 (S.S.I. 2023/177), regs. 1, 3(b) (with reg. 6)
Words in reg. 2(1) substituted (1.4.2011) by The Public Services Reform (Scotland) Act 2010 (Consequential Modifications) Order 2011 (S.S.I. 2011/211), art. 1, sch. 1 para. 33(a)
Words in reg. 2(1) inserted (1.3.2021) by The Building (Scotland) Amendment Regulations 2020 (S.S.I. 2020/275), regs. 1, 2(2)(b)
Words in reg. 2(1) substituted (1.4.2011) by The Public Services Reform (Scotland) Act 2010 (Consequential Modifications) Order 2011 (S.S.I. 2011/211), art. 1, sch. 1 para. 33(b)
Words in reg. 2(1) inserted (1.3.2021) by The Building (Scotland) Amendment Regulations 2020 (S.S.I. 2020/275), regs. 1, 2(2)(c)
Words in reg. 2(1) inserted (1.5.2011) by The Building (Scotland) Amendment Regulations 2011 (S.S.I. 2011/120), regs. 1, 2(2)

Exempted buildings and services, fittings and equipment
3. (1) Regulations 8 to 12 shall not apply to any building or any services, fittings and equipment the whole of which falls into any one or more of the exempted types described in Schedule 1.
(2) The provision of–
(a) services, fittings and equipment to, or the demolition or removal of, exempted buildings is exempt;
(b) services, fittings and equipment to, or the demolition of, exempted services, fittings and equipment is exempt.
(3) For the purposes of this regulation, for the avoidance of doubt, each such exempted type does not include any of the exceptions expressed in relation to that type.

Changes in the occupation or use of a building which cause the regulations to apply
4. For the purposes of section 56 (1) of the Act and these Regulations, the changes in occupation or use of buildings set out in Schedule 2 shall be conversions to the extent specified by regulation 12.

Descriptions of building and work, including the provision of services, fittings and equipment, not requiring a warrant
5. For the purposes of section 8(8) of the Act, any work which consists solely of a building or conversion, including the provision of services, fittings or equipment, of a kind specified in Schedule 3, shall meet the standards required by regulations 8 to 12 but shall not, subject to the exceptions and conditions, require a building warrant.
Word in reg. 5 inserted (1.5.2007) by The Building (Scotland) Amendment Regulations 2006 (S.S.I. 2006/534), regs. 1, 2(a) (with regs. 3, 4)

Limited life buildings
6. For the purposes of paragraph 3 of Schedule 1 of the Act (which enables special provision to be made for buildings intended to have a limited life) a period of five years is hereby specified.

Measurements
7. For the purposes of these Regulations, measurements shall be made or calculated in accordance with Schedule 4.

Fitness and durability of materials and workmanship
8. (1) Work to every building designed, constructed and provided with services, fittings and equipment to meet a requirement of regulations 9 to 12 must be carried out in a technically proper and workmanlike manner, and the materials used must be durable and fit for their intended purpose.
(2) All materials, services, fittings and equipment used to comply with a requirement of regulations 9 to 12 must, so far as reasonably practicable, be sufficiently accessible to enable any necessary maintenance or repair work to be carried out.
(3) Subject to paragraph (4), work must be carried out so that materials which form part of an external wall cladding system, or specified attachment, of a relevant building are of European Classification A2-s1, d0 or A1, classified in accordance with BS EN 13501-1:2018 entitled “Fire classification of construction products and building elements. Classification using testing data from reaction to fire tests” published by the British Standards Institution.
Reg. 8(3)-(6) inserted (1.6.2022) by The Building (Scotland) Amendment Regulations 2022 (S.S.I. 2022/136), regs. 1(2), 3 (with reg. 6)
(4) Paragraph (3) does not apply to materials which form part of—
(a) cavity trays,
(b) cavity vents,
(c) a roof (other than a roof pitched at an angle 70 degrees or more to the horizontal) if that part is connected to an external wall,
(d) door frames and doors,
(e) insulation and water proofing materials used below the ground and up to 300 mm above the ground,
(f) intumescent and fire stopping materials, fire barriers and cavity barriers where the inclusion of the materials is necessary to meet the requirements in section 2 (fire) of schedule 5 (building standards applicable to design and construction),
(g) membranes,
(h) seals, gaskets, fixings, sealants and backer rods,
(i) thermal break materials,
(j) window frames and glass.
(5) Work must be carried out so that an external wall cladding system or internal lining does not comprise of highly combustible metal composite material.
(6) In this regulation—
“highly combustible metal composite material” means any panel or sheet, having a thickness of no more than 10 mm, which consists of a number of layers, two or more of which are made of metal, alloy, or metal compound and one or more substantial layer of which is made of material having a gross calorific value of more than 35 MJ/kg when tested in accordance with BS EN ISO 1716:2018 entitled “Reaction to fire tests for products – Determination of the gross heat of combustion (calorific value)” published by the British Standards Institution,
“relevant building” means a building having a storey, or creating a storey (not including roof-top plant areas or any storey consisting exclusively of plant rooms) at a height of 11 metres or more above the ground and which contains—
(a) a dwelling,
(b) a building used as a place of assembly, or as a place of entertainment or recreation,
(c) a hospital,
(d) a residential care building or sheltered housing complex,
(e) a shared multi-occupancy residential building,
“specified attachment” means—
(a) a balcony,
(b) solar shading,
(c) a solar panel,
attached to an external wall,
“substantial layer” means a layer is one which is at least 1 mm thick or has a mass per unit area of at least 1 kg per m².

Building standards – construction
9. (1) Subject to paragraph (2), construction must be carried out so that the work complies with the applicable requirements of schedule 5 .
Schedule 5 was substituted by S.S.I. 2006/534. There are other amendments not relevant to these Regulations.
(2) Only the requirements of the standards set out in paragraphs 1.1, 3.17, 3.18, 3.19, 3.20, 3.21, 3.22 and 4.4 of schedule 5 apply in the case of the construction of a building of the type described in paragraph 23A of schedule 3.
Reg. 9 substituted (1.7.2017) by The Building (Miscellaneous Amendments) (Scotland) Regulations 2017 (S.S.I. 2017/188), regs. 1, 3(2)

Building Standards – demolition
10. (1) Every building to be demolished must be demolished in such a way that all service connections to the building are properly closed off and any neighbouring building is left stable and watertight.
(2) When demolition work has been completed and, where no further work is to commence immediately, the person who carried out that work shall ensure that the site is–
(a) immediately graded and cleared; or
(b) provided with such fences, protective barriers or hoardings as will prevent access thereto.

Building standards –service, fitting or equipment
11. Every service, fitting or piece of equipment provided so as to serve a purpose of these regulations shall be so provided in such a way as to further those purposes.

Building standards – conversion
12. Conversion shall be carried out so that the building as converted complies with the applicable requirements of Schedule 6.

Provision of protective works
13. (1) No person shall carry out work unless the following provisions of this regulation are complied with.
(2) Subject to paragraph (3), where work is to be carried out on any building site or building which is within 3.6 metres of any part of a road or other place to which members of the public have access (whether or not on payment of a fee or charge) there shall, prior to commencement of the work, be erected protective works so as to separate the building site or building or that part of the building site or building on which work is to be carried out from that road or other place.
(3) Nothing in paragraph (2) shall require the provision of protective works in any case where the local authority is satisfied that no danger to the public is caused, or is likely to be caused, by the work.
(4) The protective works referred to in the preceding paragraphs are all or any of–
(a) providing hoardings, barriers or fences;
(b) subject to paragraph (5), where necessary to prevent danger, providing footpaths outside such hoardings, barriers or fences with safe and convenient platforms, handrails, steps or ramps, and substantial overhead coverings;
(c) any other protective works which in the opinion of the local authority are necessary to ensure the safety of the public,
all of such description, material and dimensions and in such position as the local authority may direct.
(5) Nothing in paragraph (4)(b) shall require the provision of a platform, handrail, step or ramp–
(a) where no part of the existing footpath is occupied by the protective works or in connection with the work; or
(b) where that part of an existing footpath remaining unoccupied affords a safe means of passage for people, and is of a width of not less than 1.2 metres or such greater width as the local authority may direct.
(6) Any protective works shall be so erected as to cause no danger to the public and shall be maintained to the satisfaction of the local authority.
(7) Subject to paragraph (8) any protective works shall be removed–
(a) in the case of a building which has been constructed by virtue of a warrant, not more than 14 days or such longer period as the local authority may direct from the date of acceptance of the certificate of completion; and
(b) in any other case, on completion of the work.
(8) Nothing in paragraphs (1) to (7) of this regulation shall prohibit the removal of the protective works or any part thereof prior to the completion of the work where the local authority is satisfied that no danger to the public is caused or is likely to be caused as a result of their removal.
(9) Any protective works shall be illuminated, and any such works which project on to or over that part of a road which is not a pavement or footpath shall be provided with such markings, as in the opinion of the local authority are necessary to secure the safety of the public.
(10) Where work has been carried out without the provision of protective works, or where work on a building site has stopped or a building site has been abandoned, a local authority may require the site owner to carry out protective works.

Clearing of footpaths
14. Where any work is being carried out on a building site or building, any neighbouring footpath (including any footpath provided so as to form part of the protective works) shall be regularly cleaned and kept free of building debris and related materials by the person carrying out the work, to the satisfaction of the local authority.

Securing of unoccupied and partly completed buildings
15. (1) Subject to paragraph (2) a person carrying on work shall ensure that any building which is partly constructed or partly demolished or which has been completed but not yet occupied is, so far as reasonably practicable, properly secured or closed against unauthorised entry at all times when work thereon is not in progress.
(2) Nothing in paragraph (1) shall apply to any work where the local authority is satisfied that adequate supervision of the building is being or will be maintained for the purpose of securing the building.

Relaxations
16. No direction may be given under section 3(2) of the Act in relation to regulations 1 to 3, 5 and 7.

Continuing requirements
17. (1) Subject to paragraph (2), the owners of buildings shall ensure that–
(a) accessible parts of every air-conditioning system within a building are inspected at regular intervals not exceeding five years; and
Reg. 17(1)(a) substituted (13.3.2016) by The Building (Energy Performance of Buildings) (Scotland) Amendment Regulations 2016 (S.S.I. 2016/71), regs. 1(3), 2(2)
(b) following each inspection of that system the owner of the building or, where the owner is not the occupier, the occupier is given a report containing the result of the inspection and including recommendations for the cost-effective improvement of the energy performance of that system.
Reg. 17(1)(b) substituted (9.1.2013) by The Building (Scotland) Amendment Regulations 2012 (S.S.I. 2012/209), regs. 1, 2(2)
(2) This regulation shall not apply to–
(a) air conditioning systems with a total effective output rating of less than 12 kW; or
(b) air conditioning systems solely for processes within a building.
(3) In terms of section 2 of the Building (Scotland) Act 2003 the provisions of paragraph (1) are a designated provision in respect of which there is a continuing requirement imposed on the owners of buildings.
Reg. 17 inserted (1.5.2007) by The Building (Scotland) Amendment Regulations 2006 (S.S.I. 2006/534), regs. 1, 2(b) (with regs. 3, 4)
MARY MULLIGAN
Authorised to sign by the Scottish Ministers
St Andrew’s House, Edinburgh

SCHEDULE 1 EXEMPTED BUILDINGS AND SERVICES, FITTINGS AND EQUIPMENT
Regulation 3

Buildings etc. controlled by other legislation
1. (1) Any building in which explosives are manufactured or stored under a licence granted under the Explosives Regulations 2014 where the whole building is used for that manufacture or storage.
(2) Where only a part of a building is used for the manufacture or storage of explosives under a licence granted under the Explosives Regulations 2014, that part of the building where the licence specifies that that manufacture or storage may take place.
(3) Except— sub-paragraphs (1) and (2) do not include any building or, as the case may be, any part of a building as is referred to in, respectively, sub-paragraph (1) or (2) in relation to which—
(a) no minimum separation distance is required to be maintained by virtue of regulation 27(2)(a) or (3) of the Explosives Regulations 2014; or
(b) a minimum separation distance of 0 metres is prescribed by virtue of regulation 27(1) of, and Schedule 5 to, the Explosives Regulations 2014 and the requirement for the assent of the local authority under regulation 13(3) of those Regulations did not apply by virtue of regulation 13(4)(a) of those Regulations.
Sch. 1 para. 1 substituted (1.10.2014) by The Explosives Regulations 2014 (S.I. 2014/1638), reg. 1(1), Sch. 13 para. 20
2. A building erected on a site which is subject to licensing under the Nuclear Installations Act 1965 . Except–A dwelling, residential building, office, canteen or visitor centre.
1965 c. 57.
3. A building included in the schedule of monuments maintained under section 1 of the Ancient Monuments and Archaeological Areas Act 1979 . Except–A dwelling or residential building.
1979 c. 16. Section 1 was amended by the National Heritage Act 1983 ( c.47) Schedule 4, paragraph 25.

Protective Works
4. Protective works subject to control by regulation 13.

Buildings or work not frequented by people
5. A building into which people cannot or do not normally go. Except–A building within 6 metres or the equivalent of its height (whichever is the less) of the boundary. A wall or fence. A tank, cable, sewer, drain or other pipe above or below ground for which there is a requirement in these Regulations.
6. Detached fixed plant or machinery or a detached building housing only fixed plant or machinery, the only normal visits to which are intermittent visits to inspect or maintain the fixed plant or machinery. Except–A building within 1 metre of a boundary.

Agricultural and related buildings
7. An agricultural greenhouse or other building of mainly translucent material used mainly for commercial growing of plants. Except–A building used to any extent for retailing (including storage of goods for retailing) or exhibiting.
8. A single-storey detached building used for any other form of agriculture, fish farming or forestry. Except–A building used to any extent for retailing (including storage for retailing) or exhibiting. A building exceeding 280 square metres in area. A building within 6 metres or the equivalent of its height (whichever is the less) of a boundary. A dwelling, residential building, office, canteen or visitor centre. A dungstead or farm effluent tank.

Works of civil engineering construction
9. A work of civil engineering construction, including a dock, wharf, harbour, pier, quay, sea defence work, lighthouse, embankment, river work, dam, bridge, tunnel, filter station or bed, inland navigation, reservoir, water works, pipe line, sewage treatment works, gas holder or main, electricity supply line and supports, any bridge embankment or other support to railway lines and any signalling or power lines and supports and a fire practice tower. Except–A bridge or tunnel forming part of an escape route or an access route provided to meet a requirement of these Regulations. A private sewage treatment works provided to meet a requirement of these Regulations.

Buildings of a specialised nature
10. A building essential for the operation of a railway including a locomotive or carriage shed, or for the operation of any other work of civil engineering contained in type 9 of this Schedule and erected within the curtilage of such a railway or work. Except–A signalling and control centre for a railway or dock. A building to which the public is admitted, not being a building exempted by type 11 of this Schedule. A dwelling, residential building, office, canteen, or warehouse.
11. A single–storey detached road or rail passenger shelter or a telephone kiosk which in so far as it is glazed complies with the requirements of regulation 9 and paragraph 4.8 of Schedule 5. Except–A building having a floor area exceeding 30 square metres. A building containing a fixed combustion appliance installation.
12. A caravan or mobile home within the meaning of the Caravan Sites and Control of Development Act 1960 , or a tent, van or shed within the meaning of section 73 of the Public Health (Scotland) Act 1897 . Except–Any wastewater disposal system serving a building of this type.
1960 c. 62.
1897 c. 38. Section 73 was amended by the National Health Service ( Scotland) Act 1972 ( c.58) Schedule 6, paragraph 56.

Small buildings
13. A detached single-storey building having an area not exceeding 8 square metres. Except–A dwelling or residential building. A building ancillary to and within the curtilage of a dwelling. A building within 1 metre of a boundary. A building containing a fixed combustion appliance installation or sanitary facility. A wall or fence.

Construction and development buildings
14. A building used only by people engaged in the construction, demolition or repair of any building or structure during the course of that work. Except–A building containing sleeping accommodation.
15. A building used in connection with the letting or sale of any building under construction until such time as the letting or sale of all related buildings is completed. Except–A building containing sleeping accommodation.

Temporary buildings
16. A building which, during any period of 12 months, is either erected or used on a site–
(a) for a period not exceeding 28 consecutive days; or
(b) for a number of days not exceeding 60,
and any alterations to such buildings.

Buildings ancillary to houses
17. A detached single-storey building ancillary to and within the curtilage of a house. Except–A building exceeding 8 square metres in area. A building within 1 metre of the house unless it is at least 1 metre from any boundary. A building containing sleeping accommodation. A building containing a flue, a fixed combustion appliance installation or sanitary facility. A wall or fence.
18. A single storey building attached to an existing house, which is ancillary to the house and consists of a conservatory or porch which insofar as it is glazed complies with the requirements of regulation 9 and paragraph 4.8 of Schedule 5. Except–A building exceeding 8 square metres in area. A building containing a flue, a fixed combustion appliance installation or sanitary facility. A building within 1 metre of a boundary.
19. A single storey building which is detached, or is attached to an existing house and which is ancillary to the house and consists of a greenhouse, carport or covered area. Except–A building exceeding 30 square metres in area. A building containing a flue, a fixed combustion appliance installation or sanitary facility.

Buildings ancillary to flats or maisonettes
20. A detached single storey building ancillary to and within the curtilage of a flat or maisonette. Except–A building exceeding 8 square metres in area. A building within 1 metre of the flat or maisonette or within 3 metres of any other part of the building containing the flat or maisonette. A building within 1 metre of a boundary. A building containing a flue, a fixed combustion appliance installation or sanitary facility. A wall or fence. A swimming pool deeper than 1.2 metres.

Paved areas
21. A paved area or hardstanding. Except–A paved area or hardstanding exceeding 50 square metres in area. A paved area forming part of an access to meet a requirement of these Regulations.
Word in sch. 1 para. 21 substituted (1.5.2009) by The Building (Scotland) Amendment Regulations 2009 (S.S.I. 2009/119), regs. 1, 2(2)
Schs. 1-6 substituted (1.5.2007) by The Building (Scotland) Amendment Regulations 2006 (S.S.I. 2006/534), regs. 1, 2(c), sch. (with regs. 3, 4)

SCHEDULE 2 CONVERSIONS TO WHICH THE REGULATIONS APPLY
Regulation 4
1. Changes in the occupation or use of a building to create a dwelling or dwellings or a part thereof.
2. Changes in the occupation or use of a building ancillary to a dwelling to increase the area of human occupation.
3. Changes in the occupation or use of a building which alters the number of dwellings in the building.
4. Changes in the occupation or use of a domestic building to any other type of building.
5. Changes in the occupation or use of a residential building to any other type of building.
6. Changes in the occupation or use of a residential building which involves a significant alteration of the characteristics of the persons who occupy, or who will occupy, the building or which significantly increase the number of people occupying, or expected to occupy, the building.
7. Changes in the occupation or use of an exempt building (in terms of Schedule 1) to a building which is not so exempt.
8. Changes in the occupation or use of a building to allow access by the public where previously there was none.
9. Changes in the occupation or use of a building to accommodate parts in different occupation where previously it was not so occupied.

SCHEDULE 3 DESCRIPTIONS OF BUILDING AND WORK, INCLUDING THE PROVISION OF SERVICES, FITTINGS AND EQUIPMENT, NOT REQUIRING A WARRANT
Regulation 5

A. On condition that types 1–23 in all respects and/or in the manner of their fitting meet any standards required by the Regulations
1. Any work to or in a house. Except–Any work which increases the floor area of the house. Any demolition or alteration of the roof, external walls or elements of structure. Any work involving underpinning. Any work adversely affecting a separating wall. Any work involving a change in the method of wastewater discharge. Work, not being work of types 3 to 26 below, to a house having a storey, or creating a storey, at a height of more than 4.5 metres.
2. Any work to or in a non-residential building to which the public does not have access. Except–A non-residential building within which there is a domestic or residential building. Any work which increases the floor area of the building. Any demolition or alteration of the roof, external walls or elements of structure. Any work involving underpinning. Any work adversely affecting a separating wall. Any work involving a change in the method of wastewater discharge. Work, not being work of types 3 to 26 below, to a building having a storey, or creating a storey, at a height of more than 7.5 metres.
2A. Any works to or in a building ... that is a prison or a building where a person may be legally detained or otherwise legally held in custody. Except – Any work which increases the floor area of the building by more than 100 square metres. Any demolition or alteration of the roof, external walls or elements of structure. Any work involving underpinning. Any work adversely affecting a separating wall. Any work involving a change in the method of wastewater discharge. Work, not being work of types 3 to 26 below, to a prison or a building where a person may be legally detained or otherwise legally held in custody having a storey, or creating a storey, at a height of more than 7.5 metres.
Sch. 3 paras. 2A-2C inserted (1.5.2009) by The Building (Scotland) Amendment Regulations 2009 (S.S.I. 2009/119), regs. 1, 2(3)(a)
Word in sch. 3 para. 2A substituted (1.10.2010) by The Building (Scotland) Amendment Regulations 2010 (S.S.I. 2010/32), regs. 1, 2(2)(a) (with reg. 3)
Words in sch. 3 para. 2A omitted (1.10.2010) by virtue of The Building (Scotland) Amendment Regulations 2010 (S.S.I. 2010/32), regs. 1, 2(2)(b) (with reg. 3)
2B. A building or any work to or in a building or the conversion of a building that is the Scottish Parliament.
2C. A building or any work to or in a building or the conversion of a building belonging to Her Majesty in right of Her private estates.

And, without prejudice to the generality of types 1 to 2C above
3. A detached single-storey building, having an area exceeding 8 square metres but not exceeding 30 square metres. Except–A dwelling or residential building. A building ancillary to, or within the curtilage of, a dwelling. A building within 1 metre of a boundary. A building containing a fixed combustion appliance installation or sanitary facility. A swimming pool deeper than 1.2 metres.
4. A detached single-storey building, having an area exceeding 8 square metres but not exceeding 30 square metres, ancillary to and within the curtilage of a house. Except–A building within 1 metre of the house unless it is at least 1 metre from any boundary. A building containing a fixed combustion appliance installation or sanitary facility. A swimming pool deeper than 1.2 metres.
5. A detached single-storey building, having an area exceeding 8 square metres but not exceeding 30 square metres, ancillary to and within the curtilage of a flat or maisonette. Except–A building within 1 metre of the flat or maisonette or within 3 metres of any other part of the building containing the flat or maisonette. A building within 1 metre of a boundary. A building containing a fixed combustion appliance installation or sanitary facility. A swimming pool deeper than 1.2 metres.
6. Any work associated with a fixed combustion appliance installation or other part of a heating installation not being work of types 7 or 8 below. Except–Any work associated with a solid fuel appliance having an output rating more than 50 kW, an oil-firing appliance with an output rating more than 45 kW or a gas-fired appliance having a net input rating more than 70 kW. Any work associated with a chimney, flue pipe or constructional hearth. Any work associated with an oil storage tank with a capacity of more than 90 litres, including any pipework connecting the tank to a combustion appliance providing space or water heating or cooking facilities. Any work adversely affecting a separating wall or separating floor.
7. Any work associated with a balanced flue serving a room-sealed appliance.
8. Any work associated with pipework, radiators, convector heaters and thermostatic controls for, or associated with, type 6 above.
9. Any work associated with installing a flue liner.
10. Any work associated with refillable liquefied petroleum gas storage cylinders supplying, via a fixed pipework installation, combustion appliances used principally for providing space heating, water heating, or cooking facilities.
11. Any work associated with the provision of a single sanitary facility, together with any relevant branch soil or waste pipe. Except–Any work associated with a water closet, waterless closet or urinal.
12. Any work associated with the relocation within the same room or space of any sanitary facility, together with any relevant branch soil or waste pipe.
13. Any work associated with the provision of an extractor fan.
14. Any work associated with a stairlift within a dwelling.
15. Any work associated with the provision of a notice or other fixture for which there is no requirement provided in these regulations.
15A. Any work associated with affixing an energy performance certificate to a building.
Sch. 3 para. 15A inserted (4.1.2009) by The Building (Scotland) Amendment Regulations 2008 (S.S.I. 2008/310), regs. 1, 2(3)
15B. Any work associated with affixing a statement of sustainability to a building.
Sch. 3 para. 15B inserted (1.5.2011) by The Building (Scotland) Amendment Regulations 2011 (S.S.I. 2011/120), regs. 1, 2(3)
16. Any work associated with an outdoor sign that is subject to the Town and Country Planning (Control of Advertisements) (Scotland) Regulations 1984 .
S.I. 1984/467.
17. Any work associated with thermal insulating material to or within a wall, ceiling, roof or floor. Except–Any work associated with the application of an external wall cladding system that consists of thermal insulating material.
Words in sch. 3 para. 17 substituted (1.6.2022) by The Building (Scotland) Amendment Regulations 2022 (S.S.I. 2022/136), regs. 1(2), 4(a) (with reg. 6)
18. A wall not exceeding 1.2 metres in height, or a fence not exceeding 2 metres in height.
19. Any work associated with open raised external decking. Except–Any decking at a height of more than 1.2 metres. Decking that forms part of any access provided to comply with the requirements in regulation 9 and paragraph 4.1 of Schedule 5. Decking that forms any escape route, other than from a flat or maisonette, provided to comply with the requirements in regulation 9 and paragraph 2.9 of Schedule 5.
20. A door, window, or rooflight when the work includes replacing the frame.
21. A paved area or hardstanding exceeding 50 square metres in area but not exceeding 200 square metres in area. A paved area forming part of an access to meet a requirement of these Regulations.
Words in sch. 3 para. 21 inserted (1.5.2009) by The Building (Scotland) Amendment Regulations 2009 (S.S.I. 2009/119), regs. 1, 2(3)(c)
22. An electrical installation, including a circuit for telecommunication, alarm purposes or for the transmission of sound, vision or data, which operates at extra-low voltage (not exceeding 50 volts alternating current or 120 volts direct current, measured between conductors or to earth) and which is not connected directly or indirectly to an electricity supply which operates at a voltage higher than either of those specified above.
23. The construction of a ramp not exceeding 5 metres in length.
Words in sch. 3 para. 3 heading substituted (1.5.2009) by The Building (Scotland) Amendment Regulations 2009 (S.S.I. 2009/119), regs. 1, 2(3)(b)

AA. On condition that this type in all respects and/or in the manner of their fitting meet the requirements of standards 1.1, 3.17, 3.18, 3.19, 3.20, 3.21, 3.22 and 4.4 of schedule 5.
23A. A detached single-storey building used for shelter or sleeping in connection with recreation. Except- A dwelling. A building having an area exceeding 30 square metres. A building ancillary to another building. A building within 6 metres of a boundary or of another building. Any wastewater disposal system serving a building of this type. A building containing a gallery or galleries unless the gallery, or where there is more than one gallery, the galleries together, occupy an area not more than—
(a) 8 square metres; or
(b) one-half of the area of the room or space in which the gallery is, or galleries are, situated,
whichever is the lesser.
Interpretation of paragraph 23A
In paragraph 23A, “gallery” means a raised floor or platform which is open to the room or space into which it projects and is not enclosed below.
Sch. 3 AA heading and para. 23A inserted (1.7.2017) by The Building (Miscellaneous Amendments) (Scotland) Regulations 2017 (S.S.I. 2017/188), regs. 1, 3(3) (as amended (30.6.2017) by The Building (Miscellaneous Amendments) (Scotland) Amendment Regulations 2017 (S.S.I. 2017/214), regs. 1, 2(3))

B. On condition that this work, service, fitting or equipment is to a standard no worse than at present
24. Any work associated with the replacement of a fitting or equipment, in whole or in part, by another of the same general type, including a sanitary facility (together with any relevant branch soil or waste pipe), rainwater gutter or downpipe, solid fuel combustion appliance, electrical fixture, ventilation fan, chimney or flue outlet fitting or terminal, fire hydrant or main, lift or escalator, solid waste chute or container, kitchen fitments or other fitted furniture and ironmongery. Except–Any door, window or rooflight. Any oil firing or gas fired boiler.
25. Any work associated with the replacement in whole or in part, by material of the same general type, of flooring, lining, ... covering or rendering either internally or externally.
Word in sch. 3 para. 25 omitted (1.6.2022) by The Building (Scotland) Amendment Regulations 2022 (S.S.I. 2022/136), regs. 1(2), 4(b) (with reg. 6)
25A. Replacement of part of an external wall cladding system when the replacement is to make a minor repair.
Sch. 3 para. 25A inserted (1.6.2022) by The Building (Scotland) Amendment Regulations 2022 (S.S.I. 2022/136), regs. 1(2), 4(c) (with reg. 6)
26. Any work to a door, window or rooflight, including glazing which is not a complete replacement falling within type 20 above.

SCHEDULE 4 MEASUREMENTS
Regulation 7

Area
1. Measurement of area shall be taken to the innermost surfaces of enclosing walls or, on any side where there is no enclosing wall, to the outermost edge of the floor on that side.
2. A room excludes any built-in fixture extending from the floor to the ceiling.
3. In the case of a dwelling, a room excludes any part where the height is less than 1.5 metres.

Height and depth
4. The height of–
(a) a building shall be taken to be the height from the surface of the ground to the underside of the ceiling of the topmost storey or, if the topmost storey has no ceiling, one-half of the height of the roof above its lowest part; and
(b) a storey above the ground, or the depth of a storey below the ground shall be taken to be the vertical height or depth as the case may be from the ground to the upper surface of the floor of the storey, and the expressions “a storey at a height” and “a storey at a depth” shall be construed accordingly.
5. In the measurement of height or depth from ground which is not level the height or depth shall be taken to be the mean height or depth, except that–
(a) for the purpose of types 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 18 or 19 of Schedule 3; and
(b) for any other purpose where the difference in level is more than 2.5 metres,
the height or depth shall be taken to be the greatest height or depth.

General
6. Except where the context otherwise requires, measurements shall be horizontal and vertical.

SCHEDULE 5 BUILDING STANDARDS APPLICABLE TO DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION
Regulation 9

SECTION 1: STRUCTURE

Structure
1.1 Every building must be designed and constructed in such a way that the loadings that are liable to act on it, taking into account the nature of the ground, will not lead to:
(a) the collapse of the whole or part of the building;
(b) deformations which would make the building unfit for its intended use, unsafe, or cause damage to other parts of the building or to fittings or to installed equipment; or
(c) impairment of the stability of any part of another building.

Disproportionate collapse
1.2 Every building must be designed and constructed in such a way that in the event of damage occurring to any part of the structure of the building the extent of any resultant collapse will not be disproportionate to the original cause.

SECTION 2: FIRE

Compartmentation
2.1 Every building must be designed and constructed in such a way that in the event of an outbreak of fire within the building, fire and smoke are inhibited from spreading beyond the compartment of origin until any occupants have had the time to leave that compartment and any fire containment measures have been initiated.
Limitation
This standard does not apply to domestic buildings.

Separation
2.2 Every building, which is divided into more than one area of different occupation, must be designed and constructed in such a way that in the event of an outbreak of fire within the building, fire and smoke are inhibited from spreading beyond the area of occupation where the fire originated.

Structural protection
2.3 Every building must be designed and constructed in such a way that in the event of an outbreak of fire within the building, the load-bearing capacity of the building will continue to function until all occupants have escaped, or been assisted to escape, from the building and any fire containment measures have been initiated.

Cavities
2.4 Every building must be designed and constructed in such a way that in the event of an outbreak of fire within the building, the ... spread of fire and smoke within cavities in its structure and fabric is inhibited.
Word in sch. 5 para. 2.4 omitted (1.10.2019) by virtue of The Building (Scotland) Amendment Regulations 2019 (S.S.I. 2019/210), regs. 1, 2(2)(a)
Word in sch. 5 para. 2.4 substituted (1.10.2019) by The Building (Scotland) Amendment Regulations 2019 (S.S.I. 2019/210), regs. 1, 2(2)(b)

Internal linings
2.5 Every building must be designed and constructed in such a way that in the event of an outbreak of fire within the building, the development of fire and smoke from the surfaces of walls and ceilings within the area of origin is inhibited.

Spread to neighbouring buildings
2.6 Every building must be designed and constructed in such a way that in the event of an outbreak of fire within the building, the spread of fire to neighbouring buildings is inhibited.

Spread on external walls
2.7 Every building must be designed and constructed in such a way , having regard to the height, use and position of the building, that in the event of an outbreak of fire within the building, or from an external source, the spread of fire on the external walls of the building is inhibited.
Words in sch. 5 para. 2.7 inserted (1.6.2022) by The Building (Scotland) Amendment Regulations 2022 (S.S.I. 2022/136), regs. 1(2), 5 (with reg. 6)

Spread from neighbouring buildings
2.8 Every building must be designed and constructed in such a way that in the event of an outbreak of fire in a neighbouring building, the spread of fire to the building is inhibited.

Escape
2.9 Every building must be designed and constructed in such a way that in the event of an outbreak of fire within the building, the occupants, once alerted to the outbreak of the fire, are provided with the opportunity to escape from the building, before being affected by fire or smoke.

Escape lighting
2.10 Every building must be designed and constructed in such a way that in the event of an outbreak of fire within the building, illumination is provided to assist in escape.

Communication
2.11 Every building must be designed and constructed in such a way that in the event of an outbreak of fire within the building, the occupants are alerted to the outbreak of fire.
Limitation
...
Sch. 5 para. 2.11: limitation omitted (1.10.2010) by virtue of The Building (Scotland) Amendment Regulations 2010 (S.S.I. 2010/32), regs. 1, 2(3)(a) (with reg. 3)

Fire and rescue service access
2.12 Every building must be accessible to the fire and rescue service.
Sch. 5 para. 2.12 substituted (1.10.2010) by The Building (Scotland) Amendment Regulations 2010 (S.S.I. 2010/32), regs. 1, 2(3)(b) (with reg. 3)

Fire and rescue service water supply
2.13 Every building must be provided with a water supply for use by the fire and rescue service.
Limitation
This standard does not apply to domestic buildings.
Sch. 5 para. 2.13 substituted (1.10.2010) by The Building (Scotland) Amendment Regulations 2010 (S.S.I. 2010/32), regs. 1, 2(3)(c) (with reg. 3)

Fire and rescue service facilities
2.14 Every building must be designed and constructed in such a way that facilities are provided to assist fire-fighting or rescue operations.
Words in sch. 5 para. 2.14 heading inserted (1.10.2010) by The Building (Scotland) Amendment Regulations 2010 (S.S.I. 2010/32), regs. 1, 2(3)(d) (with reg. 3)

Automatic fire suppression systems
2.15 Every building must be designed and constructed in such a way that in the event of an outbreak of fire within the building, fire growth will be inhibited by the operation of an automatic fire suppression system.
Limitation
This standard applies only to a building which–
(a) is an enclosed shopping centre;
(b) is a residential care building;
(c) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Words in sch. 5 para. 2.15 omitted (1.3.2021) by virtue of The Building (Scotland) Amendment Regulations 2020 (S.S.I. 2020/275), regs. 1, 2(3)(a)
(d) forms the whole or part of a sheltered housing complex; ...
Word in sch. 5 para. 2.15 omitted (1.3.2021) by virtue of The Building (Scotland) Amendment Regulations 2020 (S.S.I. 2020/275), regs. 1, 2(3)(b)
(e) is a school building , other than a building forming part of an existing school or an extension to a school building where it is not reasonably practicable to install an automatic fire suppression system in that building or extension.
Words in sch. 5 para. 2.15 inserted (1.10.2013) by The Building (Miscellaneous Amendments) (Scotland) Regulations 2013 (S.S.I. 2013/143), regs. 1, 2(2)(a) (with reg. 5)
(f) is a building containing a flat or maisonette,
Word in sch. 5 para. 2.15 inserted (1.3.2021) by virtue of The Building (Scotland) Amendment Regulations 2020 (S.S.I. 2020/275), regs. 1, 2(3)(c)
(g) is a social housing dwelling, or
(h) is a shared multi-occupancy residential building.
Sch. 5 para. 2.15 substituted (1.10.2010) by The Building (Scotland) Amendment Regulations 2010 (S.S.I. 2010/32), regs. 1, 2(3)(e) (with reg. 3)

SECTION 3: ENVIRONMENT

Site preparation – harmful and dangerous substances
3.1 Every building must be designed and constructed in such a way that there will not be a threat to the building or the health of people in or around the building due to the presence of harmful or dangerous substances.
Limitation
This standard does not apply to the removal of unsuitable material, including turf, vegetable matter, wood, roots and topsoil on the site of a building (other than a dwelling) intended to have a life not exceeding the period specified in regulation 6.

Site preparation – protection from radon gas
3.2 Every building must be designed and constructed in such a way that there will not be a threat to the health of people in or around the building due to the emission and containment of radon gas.

Flooding and ground water
3.3 Every building must be designed and constructed in such a way that there will not be a threat to the building or the health of the occupants as a result of flooding and the accumulation of ground water.

Moisture from the ground
3.4 Every building must be designed and constructed in such a way that there will not be a threat to the building or the health of the occupants as a result of moisture penetration from the ground.

Existing drains
3.5 Every building must not be constructed over an existing drain (including a field drain) that is to remain active.
Limitation
This standard does not apply where it is not reasonably practicable to re-route an existing drain.

Surface water drainage
3.6 Every building, and hard surface within the curtilage of a building, must be designed and constructed with a surface water drainage system that will–
(a) ensure the disposal of surface water without threatening the building and the health and safety of the people in and around the building; and
(b) have facilities for the separation and removal of silt, grit and pollutants.

Wastewater drainage
3.7 Every wastewater drainage system serving a building must be designed and constructed in such a way as to ensure the removal of wastewater from the building without threatening the health and safety of the people in and around the building, and–
(a) that facilities for the separation and removal of oil, fat, grease and volatile substances from the system are provided;
(b) that discharge is to a public sewer or public wastewater treatment plant, where it is reasonably practicable to do so; and
(c) where discharge to a public sewer or public wastewater treatment plant is not reasonably practicable that discharge is to a private wastewater treatment plant or septic tank.
Limitation
Standard 3.7(a) does not apply to a dwelling.

Private wastewater treatment systems – treatment plants
3.8 Every private wastewater treatment plant or septic tank serving a building must be designed and constructed in such a way that it will ensure the safe temporary storage and treatment of wastewater prior to discharge.

Private wastewater treatment systems – infiltration systems
3.9 Every private wastewater treatment system serving a building must be designed and constructed in such a way that the disposal of the wastewater to ground is safe and is not a threat to the health of the people in or around the building.

Precipitation
3.10 Every building must be designed and constructed in such a way that there will not be a threat to the building or the health of the occupants as a result of moisture from precipitation penetrating to the inner face of the building.
Limitation
This standard does not apply to a building where penetration of moisture from the outside will result in effects no more harmful than those likely to arise from use of the building.

Facilities in a dwelling
3.11 Every building must be designed and constructed in such a way that–
(a) the size of any apartment or kitchen will ensure the welfare and convenience of all occupants and visitors; and
(b) an accessible space is provided to allow for the safe, convenient and sustainable drying of washing.
Limitation
This standard applies only to a dwelling.

Sanitary facilities
3.12 Every building must be designed and constructed in such a way that sanitary facilities are provided for all occupants of, and visitors to, the building in a form that allows convenience of use and that there is no threat to the health and safety of occupants or visitors.

Heating
3.13 Every building must be designed and constructed in such a way that it can be heated and maintain heat at temperature levels that will not be a threat to the health of the occupants.
Limitation
This standard applies only to a dwelling.

Ventilation
3.14 Every building must be designed and constructed in such a way that ventilation is provided so that the air quality inside the building is not a threat to the building or the health of the occupants.
Sch. 5 para. 3.14 substituted (1.10.2010) by The Building (Scotland) Amendment Regulations 2010 (S.S.I. 2010/32), regs. 1, 2(3)(f) (with reg. 3)

Condensation
3.15 Every building must be designed and constructed in such a way that there will not be a threat to the building or the health of the occupants as a result of moisture caused by surface or interstitial condensation.
Limitation
...
Sch. 5 para. 3.15: limitation omitted (1.10.2010) by virtue of The Building (Scotland) Amendment Regulations 2010 (S.S.I. 2010/32), regs. 1, 2(3)(g) (with reg. 3)

Natural lighting
3.16 Every building must be designed and constructed in such a way that natural lighting is provided to ensure that the health of the occupants is not threatened.
Limitation
This standard applies only to a dwelling.

Combustion appliances – safe operation
3.17 Every building must be designed and constructed in such a way that each fixed combustion appliance installation operates safely.

Combustion appliances – protection from products of combustion
3.18 Every building must be designed and constructed in such a way that any component part of each fixed combustion appliance installation used for the removal of combustion gases will withstand heat generated as a result of its operation without any structural change that would impair the stability or performance of the installation.

Combustion appliances – relationship to combustible materials
3.19 Every building must be designed and constructed in such a way that any component part of each fixed combustion appliance installation will not cause damage to the building in which it is installed by radiated, convected or conducted heat or from hot embers expelled from the appliance.

Combustion appliances – removal of products of combustion
3.20 Every building must be designed and constructed in such a way that the products of combustion are carried safely to the external air without harm to the health of any person through leakage, spillage, or exhaust nor permit the re-entry of dangerous gases from the combustion process of fuels into the building.

Combustion appliances – air for combustion
3.21 Every building must be designed and constructed in such a way that each fixed combustion appliance installation receives air for combustion and operation of the chimney so that the health of persons within the building is not threatened by the build-up of dangerous gases as a result of incomplete combustion.

Combustion appliances – air for cooling
3.22 Every building must be designed and constructed in such a way that each fixed combustion appliance installation receives air for cooling so that the fixed combustion appliance installation will operate safely without threatening the health and safety of persons within the building.

Fuel storage – protection from fire
3.23 Every building must be designed and constructed in such a way that–
(a) an oil storage installation, incorporating oil storage tanks used solely to serve a fixed combustion appliance installation providing space heating or cooking facilities in a building, will inhibit fire from spreading to the tank and its contents from within, or beyond, the boundary; or
(b) a container for the storage of woody biomass fuel will inhibit fire from spreading to its contents from within or beyond the boundary.
Limitation
This standard does not apply to portable containers.

Fuel storage – containment
3.24 Every building must be designed and constructed in such a way that–
(a) an oil storage installation, incorporating oil storage tanks used solely to serve a fixed combustion appliance installation providing space heating or cooking facilities in a building, will–
(i) reduce the risk of oil escaping from the installation;
(ii) contain any oil spillage likely to contaminate any water supply, groundwater, watercourse, drain or sewer; and
(iii) permit any spill to be disposed of safely.
(b) it allows the number of journeys by delivery vehicles to be minimised due to the volume of woody biomass fuel storage.
Limitation
This standard does not apply to portable containers.

Solid waste storage
3.25 Every building must be designed and constructed in such a way that accommodation for solid waste storage is provided which–
(a) permits access for storage and for the removal of its contents;
(b) does not threaten the health of people in and around the building; and
(c) does not contaminate any water supply, ground water or surface water.
Limitation
This standard applies only to a flat or maisonette.
Words in Sch. 5 para. 3.25 substituted (1.10.2013) by The Building (Miscellaneous Amendments) (Scotland) Regulations 2013 (S.S.I. 2013/143), regs. 1, 2(2)(b) (with reg. 5)

Dungsteads and farm effluent tanks
3.26 Every building must be designed and constructed in such a way that there will not be a threat to the health and safety of people from a dungstead and farm effluent tank.

Water efficiency
3.27 Every building must be designed and constructed in such a way that sanitary facilities with water efficient fittings which are designed for the prevention of undue consumption of water are installed.
Limitation
This standard applies only to dwellings.
Sch. 5 para. 3.27 inserted (1.10.2013) by The Building (Miscellaneous Amendments) (Scotland) Regulations 2013 (S.S.I. 2013/143), regs. 1, 2(2)(c) (with reg. 5)

Overheating risk
3.28. Every building must be designed and constructed in such a way that the risk to the health of the occupants from overheating is reduced.
Limitation
This standard applies only to—
(a) a unit of residential accommodation occupied by an individual, or individuals, living together as a family or as a single household,
(b) a shared multi-occupancy residential building,
Sch. 5 para. 3.28 inserted (1.2.2023) by The Building (Scotland) Amendment Regulations 2022 (S.S.I. 2022/136), regs. 1(3), 9(a) (with reg. 11) (as amended by S.S.I. 2022/340, reg. 2)

SECTION 4: SAFETY

Access to buildings
4.1 Every building must be designed and constructed in such a way that all occupants and visitors are provided with safe, convenient and unassisted means of access to the building.
Limitation
There is no requirement to provide access for a wheelchair user to–
(a) a house, between either the point of access to or from any car parking within the curtilage of a building and an entrance to the house where it is not reasonably practicable to do so; or
(b) a common entrance of a domestic building not served by a lift, where there are no dwellings entered from a common area on the entrance storey.

Access within buildings
4.2 Every building must be designed and constructed in such a way that–
(a) in non-domestic buildings, safe, unassisted and convenient means of access is provided throughout the building;
(b) in residential buildings, a proportion of the rooms intended to be used as bedrooms must be accessible to a wheelchair user;
(c) in domestic buildings, safe and convenient means of access is provided within common areas and to each dwelling;
(d) in dwellings, safe and convenient means of access is provided throughout the dwelling; and
(e) in dwellings, unassisted means of access is provided to, and throughout, at least one level.
Limitation
There is no requirement to provide access suitable for a wheelchair user–
(a) in a non-domestic building not served by a lift, to a room, intended to be used as a bedroom, that is not on an entrance storey; or
(b) in a domestic building not served by a lift, within common areas and to each dwelling, other than on an entrance storey.

Stairs and ramps
4.3 Every building must be designed and constructed in such a way that every level can be reached safely by stairs or ramps.

Pedestrian protective barriers
4.4 Every building must be designed and constructed in such a way that every sudden change of level that is accessible in, or around, the building is guarded by the provision of pedestrian protective barriers.
Limitation
This standard does not apply where the provision of pedestrian protective barriers would obstruct the use of areas so guarded.

Electrical safety
4.5 Every building must be designed and constructed in such a way that the electrical installation does not–
(a) threaten the health and safety of the people in, and around, the building; and
(b) become a source of fire.
Limitation
This standard does not apply to an electrical installation–
(a) serving a building or any part of a building to which the Mines and Quarries Act 1954 or the Factories Act 1961 applies; or
1954 c. 70, as extended by the Mines and Quarries (Tips) Act 1969 (c. 10), and the Mines Management Act 1971 (c. 20) and as amended by the Constitutional Reform Act 2005 (c. 4).
1961 c. 34.
(b) forming part of the works of an undertaker to which regulations for the supply and distribution of electricity made under the Electricity Act 1989 apply.
1989 c. 29.

Electrical fixtures
4.6 Every building must be designed and constructed in such a way that electric lighting points and socket outlets are provided to ensure the health, safety and convenience of occupants and visitors.
Limitation
This standard applies only to domestic buildings where a supply of electricity is available.

Aids to communication
4.7 Every building must be designed and constructed in such a way that it is provided with aids to assist those with a hearing impairment.
Limitation
This standard does not apply to domestic buildings.

Danger from accidents
4.8 Every building must be designed and constructed in such a way that–
(a) people in and around the building are protected from injury that could result from fixed glazing, projections or moving elements on the building;
(b) fixed glazing in the building is not vulnerable to breakage where there is the possibility of impact by people in and around the building;
(c) both faces of a window and rooflight in a building are capable of being cleaned such that there will not be a threat to the cleaner from a fall resulting in severe injury;
(d) a safe and secure means of access is provided to a roof; and
(e) manual controls for ventilation and for electrical fixtures can be operated safely.
Limitation
Standard 4.8(d) does not apply to domestic buildings.

Danger from heat
4.9 Every building must be designed and constructed in such a way that protection is provided for people in, and around, the building from the danger of severe burns or scalds from the discharge of steam or hot water.

Fixed seating
4.10 Every building, which contains fixed seating accommodation for an audience or spectators, must be designed and constructed in such a way that a number of level spaces for wheelchairs are provided proportionate to the potential audience or spectators.
Limitation
This standard does not apply to domestic buildings.

Liquefied petroleum gas storage
4.11 Every building must be designed and constructed in such a way that each liquefied petroleum gas storage installation, used solely to serve a combustion appliance providing space heating, water heating, or cooking facilities, will–
(a) be protected from fire spreading to any liquefied petroleum gas container; and
(b) not permit the contents of any such container to form explosive gas pockets in the vicinity of any container.
Limitation
This standard does not apply to a liquefied petroleum gas storage container, or containers, for use with portable appliances.

Vehicle protective barriers
4.12 Every building accessible to vehicular traffic must be designed and constructed in such a way that every change in level is guarded.

Security
4.13 Every building must be designed and constructed in such a way that doors and windows, vulnerable to unlawful entry, can be secured to deter housebreaking and protect the safety and welfare of occupants.
Limitation
This standard applies only to domestic buildings.
Sch. 5 para. 4.13 inserted (1.10.2010) by The Building (Scotland) Amendment Regulations 2010 (S.S.I. 2010/32), regs. 1, 2(3)(h) (with reg. 3)

Gigabit-ready physical infrastructure for electronic communications networks
4.14. Every building and building unit must be designed and constructed in such a way that—
(a) gigabit-ready in-building physical infrastructure up to a network termination point for gigabit-capable public electronic communications network is provided,
(b) in the case of a building which contains more than one building unit, a common access point for gigabit-capable public electronic communications networks is provided,
(c) to the extent that it is reasonably practicable to do so—
(i) gigabit-capable onsite physical infrastructure is provided,
(ii) each network termination point is connected to a gigabit-capable electronic communications network.
Limitations
This standard does not apply to—
(a) alterations or extensions to buildings that do not include major renovation works,
(b) buildings having an area not exceeding 30 square metres, ancillary to and within the curtilage of a dwelling.
Standard 4.14(c) does not apply to non-domestic buildings.
Interpretation of this standard
In this standard—
“access point” means a physical point, located inside or outside the building, accessible to undertakings providing or authorised to provide public electronic communications networks, where connection to the gigabit-ready in-building physical infrastructure is made available,
“building unit” means a part of a building which is designed or altered to be used separately,
“gigabit-capable public electronic communications network” means a public electronic communications network which is capable of delivering broadband access services at speeds of at least 1000 Mbps,
“gigabit-ready onsite physical infrastructure” means physical infrastructure or installations, outwith the building, including elements under joint ownership, intended to host wired gigabit-capable public electronic communications networks so as to enable delivery of gigabit-capable public electronic communications networks to the building,
“gigabit-ready in-building physical infrastructure” means in-building physical infrastructure intended to host elements, or enable delivery, of gigabit-capable public electronic communications networks,
“in-building physical infrastructure” means physical infrastructure or installations at the end-user’s location, including elements under joint ownership, intended to host wired or wireless access networks, where such access networks are capable of delivering electronic communications services and connecting the access point with the network termination point,
“major renovation works” means works at the end-user’s location encompassing structural modifications of the entire in-building physical infrastructure, or of a significant part of it,
“network termination point” means a physical point located inside the building, or in the case of a building which contains more than one building unit, the building unit, at which an occupier is provided with access to public electronic communications networks,
“public electronic communications network” has the meaning given by Section 151(1) of the Communications Act 2003.
Sch. 5 para. 4.14 substituted (1.1.2025) by The Building (Scotland) Amendment Regulations 2024 (S.S.I. 2024/247), regs. 1, 2(2) (with reg. 3)

SECTION 5: NOISE

Noise separation
5.1 Every building, which is divided into more than one area of different occupation, must be designed and constructed in such a way to limit the transmission of source noise from normal domestic type activities, between such areas, to a level that will not threaten the health of, or cause inconvenience to the building occupants.
Limitation
This standard only applies to a building in different occupation incorporating—
(a) attached dwellings;
(b) attached residential buildings; or
(c) a roof, walkway or access deck located directly above an area that is either a dwelling or a residential building.
Sch. 5 paras. 5.1, 5.2 substituted for sch. 5 para. 5.1 (1.10.2010) by The Building (Scotland) Amendment Regulations 2010 (S.S.I. 2010/32), regs. 1, 2(3)(i) (with reg. 3)

Noise reduction between rooms
5.2 Every building must be designed and constructed in such a way to limit the transmission of source noise from normal domestic type activities, through a wall or floor, between a room and internal space where noise is likely to occur, to a level that will not cause inconvenience to the building occupants.
Limitation
This standard only applies to a wall or floor forming an apartment in a dwelling and a room in a residential building which is capable of being used for sleeping; other than—
(a) a wall between an en-suite bathroom and the apartment or room it serves;
(b) a hospital; or
(c) a place of lawful detention.

SECTION 6: ENERGY

Energy demand ...
6.1 Every building must be designed and constructed in such a way that–
(a) the energy performance is estimated in accordance with a methodology of calculation approved under regulation 7(a) of the Energy Performance of Buildings (Scotland) Regulations 2008 ; ...
Sch. 5 para. 6.1(a) substituted (1.10.2010) by The Building (Scotland) Amendment Regulations 2010 (S.S.I. 2010/32), regs. 1, 2(3)(j)(i) (with reg. 3)
S.S.I. 2008/309.
Word in sch. 5 para. 6.1.(a) omitted (with application in accordance with reg. 1(2) of the amending S.S.I.) by virtue of The Building (Energy Performance of Buildings) (Scotland) Amendment Regulations 2016 (S.S.I. 2016/71), regs. 1(3), 2(3)(a)
(b) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Sch. 5 para. 6.1(b) omitted (1.4.2024) by virtue of The Building (Scotland) Amendment Regulations 2023 (S.S.I. 2023/177), regs. 1, 4(a)(ii) (with reg. 6)
(c) it is a nearly zero-energy building.
Sch. 5 para. 6.1.(c) and word inserted (with application in accordance with reg. 1(2) of the amending S.S.I.) by The Building (Energy Performance of Buildings) (Scotland) Amendment Regulations 2016 (S.S.I. 2016/71), regs. 1(3), 2(3)(b)
(d) it is capable of reducing the energy demand of the building.
Sch. 5 para. 6.1(d) inserted (1.2.2023) by The Building (Scotland) Amendment Regulations 2022 (S.S.I. 2022/136), regs. 1(3), 9(b)(iii) (with reg. 11) (as amended by S.S.I. 2022/340, reg. 2)
Interpretation of this standard
In this standard—
“energy from renewable sources” means energy from renewable non-fossil sources, namely wind, solar, aero-thermal, geothermal, hydrothermal and ocean energy, hydropower, biomass, landfill gas, sewage treatment plant gas and biogases; and
“nearly zero-energy building” means a building that has a very high energy performance, as determined in accordance with a methodology approved under regulation 7 of the Energy Performance of Buildings (Scotland) Regulations 2008 , where the nearly zero or very low amount of energy required should be covered to a very significant extent by energy from renewable sources, including energy from renewable sources produced on site or nearby.
Limitation
(1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Words in sch. 5 para. 6.1 substituted (1.2.2023) by The Building (Scotland) Amendment Regulations 2022 (S.S.I. 2022/136), regs. 1(3), 9(b)(iv)(aa) (with reg. 11) (as amended by S.S.I. 2022/340, reg. 2)
Words in sch. 5 para. 6.1 omitted (1.4.2024) by virtue of The Building (Scotland) Amendment Regulations 2023 (S.S.I. 2023/177), regs. 1, 4(a)(iii) (with reg. 6)
(2) This standard does not apply to—
(a) alterations and extensions to buildings other than—
(i) alterations and extensions to stand-alone buildings having an area less than 50 square metres that would increase the area to 50 square metres or more;
(ii) extensions to non-domestic buildings where the extension will have an area which is both greater than 100 square metres and greater than 25% of the area of the existing building; and
(iii) alterations to buildings involving the fit-out of the building shell which is the subject of a continuing requirement;
Words in Sch. 5 para. 6.1 substituted (1.10.2015) by The Building (Scotland) Amendment Regulations 2014 (S.S.I. 2014/219), regs. 1, 2(2) (with reg. 3)
(b) conversions of buildings;
(c) non-domestic buildings and buildings that are ancillary to a dwelling that are stand-alone having an area less than 50 square metres;
(d) buildings, which will not be heated or cooled other than by heating provided solely for the purpose of frost protection; ...
Word in sch. 5 para. 6.1 omitted (1.2.2023) by virtue of The Building (Scotland) Amendment Regulations 2022 (S.S.I. 2022/136), regs. 1(3), 9(b)(iv)(bb) (with reg. 11) (as amended by S.S.I. 2022/340, reg. 2)
(e) limited life buildings which have an intended life of less than 2 years.
Words in sch. 5 para. 6.1 inserted (with application in accordance with reg. 1(2) of the amending S.S.I.) by The Building (Energy Performance of Buildings) (Scotland) Amendment Regulations 2016 (S.S.I. 2016/71), regs. 1(3), 2(3)(c)
S.S.I. 2008/309. Regulation 7 was substituted by S.S.I. 2012/315.
Sch. 5 para. 6.1 heading substituted (1.2.2023) by The Building (Scotland) Amendment Regulations 2022 (S.S.I. 2022/136), regs. 1(3), 9(b)(i) (with reg. 11) (as amended by S.S.I. 2022/340, reg. 2)
Words in sch. 5 para. 6.1 heading omitted (1.4.2024) by virtue of The Building (Scotland) Amendment Regulations 2023 (S.S.I. 2023/177), regs. 1, 4(a)(i) (with reg. 6)

Building insulation envelope
6.2 Every building must be designed and constructed in such a way that an insulation envelope is provided which reduces heat loss.
Limitation
This standard does not apply to–
(a) non-domestic buildings which will not be heated, other than heating provided solely for the purposes of frost protection;
(b) communal parts of domestic buildings which will not be heated, other than heating provided solely for the purposes of frost protection; or
(c) buildings which are ancillary to dwellings, other than conservatories, which are either unheated or provided with heating which is solely for the purpose of frost protection.

Heating system
6.3 Every building must be designed and constructed in such a way that the heating and hot water service systems installed are energy efficient and are capable of being controlled to achieve optimum energy efficiency.
Limitation
This standard does not apply to–
(a) buildings which do not use fuel or power for controlling the temperature of the internal environment;
(b) heating provided solely for the purpose of frost protection; ...
Words in Sch. 5 para. 6.3 omitted (1.10.2015) by virtue of The Building (Scotland) Amendment Regulations 2015 (S.S.I. 2015/218), regs. 1(3), 3(2) (with reg. 4)
(c) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Insulation of pipes, ducts and vessels
6.4 Every building must be designed and constructed in such a way that temperature loss from heated pipes, ducts and vessels, and temperature gain to cooled pipes and ducts, is resisted.
Limitation
This standard does not apply to–
(a) buildings which do not use fuel or power for heating or cooling either the internal environment or water services;
(b) buildings, or parts of a building, which will not be heated, other than heating provided solely for the purpose of frost protection; or
Words in Sch. 5 para. 6.4 substituted (1.10.2010) by The Building (Scotland) Amendment Regulations 2010 (S.S.I. 2010/32), regs. 1, 2(3)(k) (with reg. 3)
(c) pipes, ducts or vessels that form part of an isolated industrial or commercial process.

Artificial and display lighting
6.5 Every building must be designed and constructed in such a way that the artificial or display lighting installed is energy efficient and is capable of being controlled to achieve optimum energy efficiency.
Limitation
This standard does not apply to–
(a) process and emergency lighting components in a building; or
(b) alterations to a dwelling or a building ancillary to a dwelling.
Sch. 5 para. 6.5: limitation substituted (1.10.2010) by The Building (Scotland) Amendment Regulations 2010 (S.S.I. 2010/32), regs. 1, 2(3)(l) (with reg. 3)

Mechanical ventilation and air conditioning
6.6 Every building must be designed and constructed in such a way that–
(a) the form and fabric of the building minimises the use of mechanical ventilating or cooling systems for cooling purposes; and
(b) ... the ventilating and cooling systems installed are energy efficient and are capable of being controlled to achieve optimum energy efficiency.
Words in sch. 5 para. 6.6(b) omitted (1.10.2010) by virtue of The Building (Scotland) Amendment Regulations 2010 (S.S.I. 2010/32), regs. 1, 2(3)(m) (with reg. 3)
Limitation
This standard does not apply to buildings which do not use fuel or power for ventilating or cooling the internal environment.

Commissioning building services
6.7 Every building must be designed and constructed in such a way that energy supply systems , control systems and building services which use fuel or power for heating, lighting, ventilating and cooling the internal environment and heating the water, are commissioned to achieve effective operation and optimum energy efficiency.
Limitation
This standard does not apply to–
(a) major power plants serving the National Grid;
(b) the process and emergency lighting components of a building;
(c) heating provided solely for the purpose of frost protection; or
(d) energy supply systems used solely for industrial and commercial processes, leisure use and emergency use within a building.
Words in sch. 5 para. 6.7 inserted (1.2.2023) by The Building (Scotland) Amendment Regulations 2022 (S.S.I. 2022/136), regs. 1(3), 9(c)(i) (with reg. 11) (as amended by S.S.I. 2022/340, reg. 2)
Words in sch. 5 para. 6.7 inserted (1.2.2023) by The Building (Scotland) Amendment Regulations 2022 (S.S.I. 2022/136), regs. 1(3), 9(c)(ii) (with reg. 11) (as amended by S.S.I. 2022/340, reg. 2)

Written information
6.8 The occupiers of a building must be provided with written information by the owner–
(a) on the operation and maintenance of the building services and energy supply systems; and
(b) where any air conditioning system in the building is subject to regulation 17, stating a time based interval for inspection of the system.
Limitation
This standard does not apply to–
(a) major power plants serving the National Grid;
(b) buildings which do not use fuel or power for heating, lighting, ventilating and cooling the internal environment and heating the water supply services;
(c) the process and emergency lighting components of a building;
(d) heating provided solely for the purpose of frost protection;
(e) lighting... systems in a domestic building; or
Sch. 5 para. 6.8: words omitted (1.10.2010) by virtue of The Building (Scotland) Amendment Regulations 2010 (S.S.I. 2010/32), regs. 1, 2(3)(n) (with reg. 3)
(f) energy supply systems used solely for industrial and commercial processes, leisure use and emergency use within a building.

Energy Performance Certificates
6.9 Every building must be designed and constructed in such a way that–
(a) an energy performance certificate for the building is affixed to the building; and
Sch. 5 para. 6.9(a) substituted for para. 6.9(a)(b) (4.1.2009) by The Building (Scotland) Amendment Regulations 2008 (S.S.I. 2008/310), regs. 1, 2(4)
(c) the energy performance certificate is displayed in a prominent place within the building.
Limitation
(a) This standard does not apply to–
(i) buildings which do not use fuel or power for controlling the temperature of the internal environment;
(ii) non-domestic buildings and buildings that are ancillary to a dwelling that are stand-alone having an area less than 50 square metres;
(iii) conversions, alterations and extensions to buildings other than—
(aa) alterations and extensions to stand-alone buildings having an area less than 50 square metres that would increase the area to 50 square metres or more; and
(bb) alterations to buildings involving the fit-out of the building shell which is the subject of a continuing requirement;
Words in Sch. 5 para. 6.9 substituted (1.10.2015) by The Building (Scotland) Amendment Regulations 2014 (S.S.I. 2014/219), regs. 1, 2(3) (with reg. 3)
(iv) limited life buildings which have an intended life of less than 2 years.
(b) Standard 6.9(c) only applies to buildings—
(i) with a floor area of more than 250 square metres;
Word in Sch. 5 para. 6.9 substituted (9.7.2015) by The Building (Scotland) Amendment Regulations 2015 (S.S.I. 2015/218), regs. 1(2), 2(2)
(ii) into which members of the public have an express or implied licence to enter; and
(iii) which are visited by members of the public on at least a weekly basis.
Words in Sch. 5 para. 6.9 substituted (9.1.2013) by The Building (Scotland) Amendment Regulations 2012 (S.S.I. 2012/209), regs. 1, 2(3)

Metering
6.10 Every building must be designed and constructed in such a way that each building, or part of a building designed for different occupation is fitted with fuel and power meters.
Limitation
This standard does not apply to–
(a) communal areas of buildings in different occupation;
(b) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Words in Sch. 5 para. 6.10 omitted (1.10.2010) by virtue of The Building (Scotland) Amendment Regulations 2010 (S.S.I. 2010/32), regs. 1, 2(3)(o)(iii) (with reg. 3)
(c) heating fired by solid fuel or biomass; or
(d) heating for individual dwellings fired by LPG or oil.
Words in sch. 5 para. 6.10 inserted (1.10.2010) by The Building (Scotland) Amendment Regulations 2010 (S.S.I. 2010/32), regs. 1, 2(3)(o)(i) (with reg. 3)
Words in sch. 5 para. 6.10 substituted (1.10.2010) by The Building (Scotland) Amendment Regulations 2010 (S.S.I. 2010/32), regs. 1, 2(3)(o)(ii) (with reg. 3)

Heating and hot water – direct emission heating system
6.11. Every building must be designed and constructed in such a way that the means by which space within the building is heated or cooled and by which hot water is made available in the building is not by means of a direct emission heating system.
Limitation
This standard does not apply to—
(a) alterations to, or extension of, a pre-2024 building,
(b) emergency heating,
(c) heating provided solely for the purpose of frost protection.
(d) a bioenergy or peat heating system,
Words in sch. 5 para. 6.11 inserted (1.1.2025) by The Building (Scotland) Amendment (No. 2) Regulations 2024 (S.S.I. 2024/327), regs. 1, 2(2)(a)
(e) secondary heating.
Interpretation of this standard
In this standard—
“bioenergy or peat heating system” in relation to a building, means a fixed combustion appliance installation the purpose of which is to produce thermal energy by which space within the building is heated or cooled, or by which hot water is made available in the building, and which for fuel is designed to use—
(a) biofuel,
(b) biomass,
(c) peat,
“biofuel” means liquid or gaseous fuel which is produced wholly from biomass,
“biomass” means material, other than fossil fuel, which is, or is derived directly or indirectly from, plant matter (such as wood), animal matter, fungi or algae,
“emergency heating” in relation to a building, means a fixed combustion appliance installation which is installed to be used only in the event of the failure of the heating or hot water service system which is designed and installed for use during normal operation of the building,
“main heating system” in relation to a building, means the heating or hot water service system designed and installed to be the means by which the demand for space heating and hot water is met during normal operation of the building,
“secondary heating” in relation to a building, means a fixed combustion appliance installation which is designed to provide space heating or hot water in addition to that provided by the main heating system of the building.
Words in sch. 5 para. 6.11 substituted (1.1.2025) by The Building (Scotland) Amendment (No. 2) Regulations 2024 (S.S.I. 2024/327), regs. 1, 2(2)(b)
Sch. 5 para. 6.11 inserted (1.4.2024) by The Building (Scotland) Amendment Regulations 2023 (S.S.I. 2023/177), regs. 1, 4(b) (with reg. 6)

SECTION 7: SUSTAINABILITY

Statement of sustainability
7.1 Every building must be designed and constructed in such a way that—
(a) with regard to a dwelling or school building containing classrooms, a level of sustainability specified by the Scottish Ministers in respect of carbon dioxide emissions, resource use, building flexibility, adaptability and occupant well-being is achieved;
Words in sch. 5 para. 7.1(a) inserted (1.10.2013) by The Building (Miscellaneous Amendments) (Scotland) Regulations 2013 (S.S.I. 2013/143), regs. 1, 2(2)(d)(i) (with reg. 5)
(b) with regard to a non-domestic building, other than a school building containing classrooms, a level of sustainability specified by the Scottish Ministers in respect of carbon dioxide emissions is achieved; and
Words in sch. 5 para. 7.1(b) inserted (1.10.2013) by The Building (Miscellaneous Amendments) (Scotland) Regulations 2013 (S.S.I. 2013/143), regs. 1, 2(2)(d)(ii) (with reg. 5)
(c) a statement of the level of sustainability achieved is affixed to the dwelling or non-domestic building.
Limitation
This standard does not apply to—
(a) alterations and extensions to buildings...;
Words in Sch. 5 para. 7.1 omitted (1.10.2013) by virtue of The Building (Miscellaneous Amendments) (Scotland) Regulations 2013 (S.S.I. 2013/143), regs. 1, 2(2)(d)(iii) (with reg. 5)
(b) conversions of buildings;
(c) buildings that are ancillary to a dwelling that are stand-alone having an area less than 50 square metres;
(d) buildings which will not be heated or cooled other than by heating provided solely for the purpose of frost protection;
(e) buildings intended to have a life not exceeding the period specified in regulation 6; or
(f) conservatories.

Electric vehicle charging
7.2 Every building must be designed and constructed in such a way that provision for the charging of electric vehicles is made where car parking spaces are located within the building or the curtilage of the building.
Limitation
This standard does not apply to—
(a) a non-domestic building where ten or fewer car parking spaces are present within the building or the curtilage of the building,
(b) alteration to, or extension of a building, other than major renovation works.
Interpretation of this standard
In this standard—
“building envelope” in relation to a building, means the walls, floor, roof, windows, doors, roof windows and roof-lights,
“major renovation works” means works for the renovation of a building where ten or more car parking spaces are present within the building or the curtilage of the building and where—
(a) more than 25% of the surface area of the building envelope undergoes renovation, and
(b) the works include works to—
(i) car parking spaces, or
(ii) the electrical infrastructure of the building or of the car parking spaces.
Sch. 5 para. 7.2 inserted (5.6.2023) by The Building (Scotland) Amendment (No. 2) Regulations 2022 (S.S.I. 2022/349), regs. 1, 3 (with reg. 5) (as amended by S.S.I. 2023/65, regs. 1, 2)
Sch. 5 Section 7 inserted (1.5.2011) by The Building (Scotland) Amendment Regulations 2011 (S.S.I. 2011/120), regs. 1, 2(4)

SCHEDULE 6 BUILDING STANDARDS APPLICABLE TO CONVERSIONS
Regulation 12
1. Every conversion, to which these regulations apply, shall meet the requirements of the following standards in Schedule 5:
(a) standards 2.1, 2.3, 2.5, 2.9, 2.10, 2.11, 2.13, 2.14, 2.15 in section 2, fire;
(b) standards 3.5, 3.6, 3.7, 3.8, 3.9, 3.11, 3.12, 3.13, 3.14, 3.17, 3.18, 3.20, 3.21, 3.22, 3.23, 3.24, 3.25, 3.26 , 3.27 in section 3, environment;
Word in sch. 6 para. 1(b) inserted (1.10.2013) by The Building (Miscellaneous Amendments) (Scotland) Regulations 2013 (S.S.I. 2013/143), regs. 1, 2(3) (with reg. 5)
(c) standards 4.5, 4.6, 4.7, 4.9, 4.11, 4.12 , 4.13 in section 4, safety
Word in sch. 6 para. 1(c) inserted (1.10.2010) by The Building (Scotland) Amendment Regulations 2010 (S.S.I. 2010/32), regs. 1, 2(4)(a) (with reg. 3)
(d) standards 5.1 and 5.2 in section 5, noise; and
Words in sch. 6 para. 1(d) substituted (1.10.2010) by The Building (Scotland) Amendment Regulations 2010 (S.S.I. 2010/32), regs. 1, 2(4)(b) (with reg. 3)
(e) standards 6.7, 6.8, 6.10 in section 6, energy.
2. Every conversion, to which these regulations apply, shall meet the requirements of the following standards in schedule 5 in so far as is reasonably practicable, and in no case be worse than before the conversion:
(a) the standards in section 1, structure;
(b) standards 2.2, 2.4, 2.6, 2.7, 2.8, 2.12 in section 2, fire;
(c) standards 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 3.4, 3.10, 3.15, 3.16, 3.19 , 3.28 in section 3, environment;
Word in sch. 6 para. 2(c) inserted (1.2.2023) by The Building (Scotland) Amendment Regulations 2022 (S.S.I. 2022/136), regs. 1(3), 10 (with reg. 11) (as amended by S.S.I. 2022/340, reg. 2)
(d) standards 4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 4.4, 4.8, 4.10 , 4.14 in section 4, safety; and
Word in sch. 6 para. 2(d) inserted (1.7.2016) by The Building (Scotland) Amendment Regulations 2016 (S.S.I. 2016/70), regs. 1, 2(3) (with reg. 2)
(e) standards 6.2, 6.3, 6.4, 6.5, 6.6 in section 6 energy.
2A. Every conversion, to which these regulations apply, which—
(a) alters the number dwellings, or the number of building units, in the building,
(b) changes the occupation or use of—
(i) a residential building to any other type of building, or
(ii) a building so that it becomes a residential building,
must meet the requirements of standard 7.2 (electric vehicle charging) in section 7, sustainability, of schedule 5.
Interpretation
In this paragraph “building unit” means a part of a building which is designed or altered to be used separately.
Sch. 6 para. 2A inserted (5.6.2023) by The Building (Scotland) Amendment (No. 2) Regulations 2022 (S.S.I. 2022/349), regs. 1, 4 (with reg. 5) (as amended by S.S.I. 2023/65, regs. 1, 2)
2B. Every conversion, to which these regulations apply, must meet the requirements of standard 6.11 (heating and hot water – direct emission heating system) in section 6, energy, of schedule 5 but conversion of a pre-2024 building must meet those requirements only—
(a) if the conversion involves a change in occupation or use of the part of the building in which an existing direct emission heating system is located, and
(b) in so far as it is reasonably practicable to do so.
Sch. 6 para. 2B inserted (1.4.2024) by The Building (Scotland) Amendment Regulations 2023 (S.S.I. 2023/177), regs. 1, 5 (with reg. 6)

(This note is not part of the Regulations)
These Regulations which are made under sections 1, 3(3), 8(8), 54, 56 of, and Schedule 1 to, the Building (Scotland) Act 2003 prescribe functional standards for buildings. These are to be found in Schedule 5 of these Regulations and cover a wide subject area. They are part of the reform of the building standards system as set out in the Building (Scotland) Act 2003.
The Regulations apply to construction, conversion and demolition of buildings and also to the provision of services, fittings and equipment in or in connection with buildings (regulations 9 to 12). There are certain exempted types of buildings and services (regulation 3 and Schedule 1). There are also some descriptions of buildings and services which do not require a warrant (regulation 5 and Schedule 3).
The Regulations also specify a period of five years as the life of a limited life building (regulation 6).
The Regulations also make various provision for protective works for the safety of the public whilst work is being carried out on a building or building site (regulation 13). Supplementary matters regarding the cleaning of footpaths and security of unoccupied and partly completed buildings are also covered (regulations 14 and 15).
The Regulations come into force on 1st May 2005 but do not apply to any application for a warrant for work made before that date (regulation 17).
These Regulations were notified in draft to the European Commission and other Member States in accordance with Directive 98/34/EC, as amended by Directive 98/48/EC.