(This note is not part of the Regulations)
These Regulations revoke and replace the Plant Protection Products Regulations 1995 (S.I. 1995/887) insofar as they extend to Scotland.
The Regulations, which consolidate the 1995 Regulations (as amended) with modifications, continue to implement in Scotland Council Directive 91/414/EEC (O.J. No. L 230, 19.8.91, p.1 to be read with corrigenda published in O.J. No. L 170, 25.6.92, p.40) concerning the placing of plant protection products on the market (“the 1991 Directive”). The Regulations continue to implement the Directives amending the 1991 Directive, up to and including Commission Directive 2002/81/EC and also implement Commission Directives 2003/5/EC, 2003/23/EC, 2003/68/EC, 2003/31/EC, 2003/79/EC, 2003/84/EC, 2003/39/EC, 2003/70/EC, 2003/81/EC and 2003/82/EC which amend the 1991 Directive and which were not covered by the 1995 Regulations – see Schedule 1.
The 1991 Directive and Directive 93/71/EEC were extended to the European Economic Area (“the EEA”) by Decision No. 7/94 of the EEA Joint Committee (O.J. No. L 160, 28.6.94, p.1), which amended the European Economic Area Agreement (see Decision 94/1 ECSC, EEC; O.J. No. L 1, 3.1.94, p.1).
The Directive (as extended to the EEA) establishes an authorisation system whereby plant protection products (defined in the Directive as active substances and preparations containing one or more active substances intended inter alia to protect plants against harmful organisms) may not be placed on the market and used in the territory of an EEA State unless they have been authorised under the Directive by that EEA State (or, subject to qualifications, by another EEA State), The Directive (as read with adaptations set out in Decision No. 7/94 of the EEA Joint Committee) establishes uniform rules on the conditions and procedures for authorisation, including rules on the mutual recognition of authorisations between EEA States. The purpose of the system is to ensure that wherever they are placed on the market and used within the EEA plant protection products are effective without causing harm to human or animal health and without adversely affecting plants and ground water or the environment in general.
Before a plant protection product can receive a standard authorisation all its active substances must be included in Annex I to the Directive although the Directive allows provisional authorisation of a product in advance of such inclusion.
The inclusion of active substances which were on the market of EEA States on or before 26th July 1993 (or, as far as Austria, Finland, Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway and Sweden are concerned, on or before 1st July 1994) are subject to a rolling review programme operated by the European Commission in conjunction with the member States of the European Community, although in transitional provisions set out in the Directive EEA States are permitted to authorise the placing on the market of products containing such substances until they have been reviewed; whereas inclusion of a new active substance in Annex I requires an application by the person intending to place it on the market.
The Directive also permits authorisations for short periods in the event of emergency and authorisations for releasing plant protection products into the environment for trial purposes. Authorisations are for fixed periods and in the case of standard authorisations they may be renewed on expiry. They may also be modified, or their range of application may be extended, in certain circumstances. Authorisations are subject to special requirements and conditions determined by the EEA State granting the authorisation, the breach of which would occasion automatic revocation. Authorisations carry a general requirement to notify the authorising EEA State of new information on the potentially dangerous effects of the authorised plant protection product or of residues of its active substances.
The Directive additionally provides certain data protection and confidentiality safeguards for holders of authorisations (whilst providing in certain circumstances for the release of information to other applicants and for the inspection of information by the public) and makes provision for the sharing of information between applicants and holders of previous authorisations of the same plant protection products with a view to limiting the duplication of tests on vertebrate animals. In addition, it prescribes requirements for labelling and packaging with which plant protection products must comply if they are to be placed on the market in the territory of an EEA State.
The Regulations continue to implement the provisions of the Directive described above by providing for the authorisation system in Scotland under the operation of the Scottish Ministers. In the Regulations authorisations are described as approvals. The Regulations impose a prohibition on the placing on the market and use of plant protection products unless they have been approved by the Scottish Ministers under the Regulations and are placed on the market and used in accordance with any conditions or requirements specified in their approval (regulation 3(1) and (2)). Persons intending to place new active substances on the market must apply to the Scottish Ministers for such substances to be included in Annex I (regulations 3(3) and 4(1)).
Applications for standard, provisional and emergency approvals of plant protection products and applications for approval of plant protection products already authorised under the Directive for use in another EEA State are made to the Scottish Ministers by the persons responsible for first placing the products on the market in Scotland (regulations 5 to 8, 11 and 13). Similarly, applications for approvals for trial purposes are made to the Scottish Ministers (regulation 9). The provisions of the Directive concerning extensions of the range of application of approved plant protection products and the provisions requiring the notification of potentially dangerous effects of approved plant protection products are respectively incorporated in regulations 10 and 14.
The data protection, information-sharing and confidentiality provisions of the Directive are set out in regulations 15, 16 and 17 and Schedule 2 and the provisions concerning the labelling and packaging of plant protection products are set out in regulations 18 and 19 and Schedule 3.
The Regulations confer enforcement powers on officers (who for specified purposes may be officers of local authorities) authorised by Scottish Ministers, including powers to seize and dispose of plant protection products in the event of a breach of a prohibition, requirement or condition imposed by or under the Regulations, to enter on land and to effect certain other controls (regulations 20 and 24). The Regulations make such breaches a criminal offence (see regulations 3, 5, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 14, 16, 18 and 19), create certain other types of offence (regulation 21) and prescribe penalties and defences (regulations 22 and 23).
The Regulations make provision to allow the Scottish Ministers to arrange with a Minister of the Crown for the discharge of any functions of the Scottish Ministers under the Regulations to be exercised on their behalf by a Minister of the Crown. Such an arrangement may include provision for any fees payable under any enactment to any part of the Scottish Administration in respect of that function to be collected by a Minister of the Crown or Government Department on behalf of that part of the Scottish Administration (regulation 26).
The transitional and consequential provisions (including those specifying the extent to which the Control of Pesticides Regulations 1986 (S.I. 1986/1510) will continue to apply) are contained in regulations 27 and 28 and Schedule 4.
Instruments which are revoked in relation to Scotland are set out in Schedule 5 (regulation 29).
A compliance cost assessment has not been prepared in respect of these Regulations.
A list of competent authorities of the member States of the European Community, to whom certain information and documents are required under the Regulations to be forwarded, can be obtained from the Pesticides Safety Directorate, Room 308, Mallard House, Kings Pool, 3 Peasholme Green, York YO1 2PX or via the website www.pesticides.gov.uk.