ANNEX IISpecific product benchmarks

1.Refineries benchmark: CO2 weighted tonne (CWT) functions

CWT function

Description

Basis (kt/a)6

CWT factor

Atmospheric Crude Distillation

Mild Crude Unit, Standard Crude Unit

F

1,00

Vacuum Distillation

Mild Vacuum Fractionation, Standard Vacuum Column, Vacuum Fractionating Column

Vacuum distillation factor also includes average energy and emissions for Heavy Feed Vacuum (HFV) unit. Since this is always in series with the Mild Vacuum Unit (MVU), HFV capacity is not counted separately.

F

0,85

Solvent Deasphalting

Conventional Solvent, Supercritical Solvent

F

2,45

Visbreaking

Atmospheric Residuum (w/o a Soaker Drum), Atmospheric Residuum (with a Soaker Drum), Vacuum Bottoms Feed (w/o a Soaker Drum), Vacuum Bottoms Feed (with a Soaker Drum)

Visbreaking factor also includes average energy and emissions for Vacuum Flasher Column (VAC VFL) but capacity is not counted separately.

F

1,40

Thermal Cracking

Thermal cracking factor also includes average energy and emissions for Vacuum Flasher Column (VAC VFL) but capacity is not counted separately.

F

2,70

Delayed Coking

Delayed Coking

F

2,20

Fluid Coking

Fluid Coking

F

7,60

Flexicoking

Flexicoking

F

16,60

Coke Calcining

Vertical-Axis Hearth, Horizontal-Axis Rotary Kiln

P

12,75

Fluid Catalytic Cracking

Fluid Catalytic Cracking, Mild Residuum Catalytic Cracking, Residual Catalytic Cracking

F

5,50

Other Catalytic Cracking

Houdry Catalytic Cracking, Thermofor Catalytic Cracking

F

4,10

Distillate/Gasoil Hydrocracking

Mild Hydrocracking, Severe Hydrocracking, Naphtha Hydrocracking

F

2,85

Residual Hydrocracking

H-Oil, LC-Fining™ and Hycon

F

3,75

Naphtha/Gasoline Hydrotreating

Benzene Saturation, Desulfurisation of C4–C6 Feeds, Conventional Naphtha H/T, Diolefin to Olefin Saturation, Diolefin to Olefin Saturation of Alkylation Feed, FCC Gasoline hydrotreating with minimum octane loss, Olefinic Alkylation of Thio S, S-Zorb™ Process, Selective H/T of Pygas/Naphtha, Pygas/Naphtha Desulfurisation, Selective H/T of Pygas/Naphtha

Naphtha hydrotreating factor includes energy and emissions for Reactor for Selective H/T (NHYT/RXST) but capacity is not counted separately.

F

1,10

Kerosene/Diesel Hydrotreating

Aromatic Saturation, Conventional H/T, Solvent aromatics hydrogenation, Conventional Distillate H/T, High Severity Distillate H/T, Ultra-High Severity H/T, Middle Distillate Dewaxing, S-Zorb™ Process, Selective Hydrotreating of Distillates

F

0,90

Residual Hydrotreating

Desulfurisation of Atmospheric Residuum Desulfurisation of Vacuum Residuum

F

1,55

VGO Hydrotreating

Hydrodesulphurisation/denitrification, Hydrodesulphurisation

F

0,90

Hydrogen Production

Steam Methane Reforming, Steam Naphtha Reforming, Partial Oxidation Units of Light Feeds

Factor for hydrogen production includes energy and emissions for purification (H2PURE), but capacity is not counted separately.

P (referred to 100 % hydrogen)

300,00

Catalytic Reforming

Continuous Regeneration, Cyclic, Semi-Regenerative, AROMAX

F

4,95

Alkylation

Alkylation with HF Acid, Alkylation with Sulfuric Acid, Polymerisation C3 Olefin Feed, Polymerisation C3/C4 Feed, Dimersol

Factor for alkylation/polymerisation includes energy and emissions for acid regeneration (ACID), but capacity is not counted separately.

P

7,25

C4 Isomerisation

C4 Isomerisation

Factor also includes energy and emissions related to average EU27 special fractionation (DIB) correlated with C4 isomerisation.

R

3,25

C5/C6 Isomerisation

C5/C6 Isomerisation

Factor also includes energy and emissions related to average EU27 special fractionation (DIH) correlated with C5 isomerisation.

R

2,85

Oxygenate Production

MBTE Distillation Units, MTBE Extractive Units, ETBE, TAME, Isooctene Production

P

5,60

Propylene Production

Chemical Grade, Polymer grade

F

3,45

Asphalt Manufacture

Asphalt & Bitumen Manufacture

Production figure should include Polymer-Modified Asphalt. CWT factor includes blowing

P

2,10

Polymer-Modified Asphalt Blending

Polymer-Modified Asphalt Blending

P

0,55

Sulphur Recovery

Sulphur Recovery

Factor for sulfur recovery includes energy and emissions for tail gas recovery (TRU) and H2S Springer Unit (U32), but capacity is not counted separately.

P

18,60

Aromatic Solvent Extraction

ASE: Extraction Distillation, ASE: Liquid/Liquid Extraction, ASE: Liq/Liq w/Extr. Distillation

CWT factor cover all feeds including Pygas after hydrotreatment. Pygas hydrotreating should be accounted under naphtha hydrotreatment.

F

5,25

Hydrodealkylation

Hydrodealkylation

F

2,45

TDP/TDA

Toluene Disproportionation/Dealkylation

F

1,85

Cyclohexane production

Cyclohexane production

P

3,00

Xylene Isomerisation

Xylene Isomerisation

F

1,85

Paraxylene production

Paraxylene Adsorption, Paraxylene Crystallisation

Factor also includes energy and emissions for Xylene Splitter and Orthoxylene Rerun Column.

P

6,40

Metaxylene production

Metaxylene production

P

11,10

Phtalic anhydride production

Phtalic anhydride production

P

14,40

Maleic anhydride production

Maleic anhydride production

P

20,80

Ethylbenzene production

Ethylbenzene production

Factor also includes energy and emissions for Ethylbenzene distillation.

P

1,55

Cumene production

Cumene production

P

5,00

Phenol production

Phenol production

P

1,15

Lube solvent extraction

Lube solvent extraction: Solvent is Furfural, Solvent is NMP, Solvent is Phenol, Solvent is SO2

F

2,10

Lube solvent dewaxing

Lube solvent dewaxing: Solvent is Chlorocarbon, Solvent is MEK/Toluene, Solvent is MEK/MIBK, Solvent is propane

F

4,55

Catalytic Wax Isomerisation

Catalytic Wax Isomerisation and Dewaxing, Selective Wax Cracking

F

1,60

Lube Hydrocracker

Lube Hydrocracker w/Multi-Fraction Distillation, Lube Hydrocracker w/Vacuum Stripper

F

2,50

Wax Deoiling

Wax Deoiling: Solvent is Chlorocarbon, Solvent is MEK/Toluene, Solvent is MEK/MIBK, Solvent is Propane

P

12,00

Lube/Wax Hydrotreating

Lube H/F w/Vacuum Stripper, Lube H/T w/Multi-Fraction Distillation, Lube H/T w/Vacuum Stripper, Wax H/F w/Vacuum Stripper, Wax H/T w/Multi-Fraction Distillation, Wax H/T w/Vacuum Stripper

F

1,15

Solvent Hydrotreating

Solvent Hydrotreating

F

1,25

Solvent Fractionation

Solvent Fractionation

F

0,90

Mol sieve for C10+ paraffins

Mol sieve for C10+ paraffins

P

1,85

Partial Oxidation of Residual Feeds (POX) for Fuel

POX Syngas for Fuel

SG (referred to 47 % hydrogen)

8,20

Partial Oxidation of Residual Feeds (POX) for Hydrogen or Methanol

POX Syngas for Hydrogen or Methanol, POX Syngas for Methanol

Factor includes energy and emissions for CO Shift and H2 Purification (U71) but capacity is not counted separately.

SG (referred to 47 % hydrogen)

44,00

Methanol from syngas

Methanol

P

– 36,20

Air Separation

Air Separation

P (MNm3 O2)

8,80

Fractionation of purchased NGL

Fractionation of purchased NGL

F

1,00

Flue gas treatment

DeSOx and deNOx

F (MNm3)

0,10

Treatment and Compression of Fuel Gas for Sales

Treatment and Compression of Fuel Gas for Sales

kW

0,15

Seawater Desalination

Seawater Desalination

P

1,15

Net fresh feed (F), Reactor feed (R, includes recycle), Product feed (P), Synthesis gas production for POX units (SG)