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Commission Delegated Regulation (EU) 2019/331Show full title

Commission Delegated Regulation (EU) 2019/331 of 19 December 2018 determining transitional Union-wide rules for harmonised free allocation of emission allowances pursuant to Article 10a of Directive 2003/87/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council (Text with EEA relevance)

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1.Definition of product benchmarks and system boundaries without consideration of exchangeability of fuel and electricityU.K.

Product benchmarkDefinition of products coveredDefinition of processes and emissions covered (system boundaries)Starting point for determination of annual reduction rate for benchmark value update(allowances/t)
CokeCoke-oven coke (obtained from the carbonisation of coking coal, at high temperature) or gas-works coke (by-product of gas-works plants) expressed in tonnes of dry coke, determined at the discharge of the coke oven or gas-works plant. Lignite coke is not covered by this benchmark. Coking in refineries is not included but covered by the CWT methodology for refineries.All processes directly or indirectly linked to the process units coke ovens, H2S/NH3 incineration, coal preheating (defreezing), coke gas extractor, desulphurisation unit, distillation unit, steam generation plant, pressure control in batteries, biological water treatment, miscellaneous heating of by-products and hydrogen separator are included. Coke oven gas cleaning is included.0,286
Sintered oreAgglomerated iron-bearing product containing iron ore fines, fluxes and iron-containing recycling materials with the chemical and physical properties such as the level of basicity, mechanical strength and permeability required to deliver iron and necessary flux materials into iron ore reduction processes. Expressed in tonnes of sintered ore as leaving the sinter plant.All processes directly or indirectly linked to the process units sinter strand, ignition, feedstock preparation units, hot screening unit, sinter cooling unit, cold screening unit and steam generation unit are included.0,171
Hot metalLiquid iron saturated with carbon for further processing, considered as product of blast furnaces, and expressed in tonnes of liquid iron at the exit point of the blast furnace. Similar products such as ferroalloys are not covered by this product benchmark. Residual material and by-products are not to be considered as part of the product.All processes directly or indirectly linked to the process units blast furnace, hot metal treatment units, blast furnace blowers, blast furnace hot stoves, basic oxygen furnace, secondary metallurgy units, vacuum ladles, casting units (including cutting), slag treatment unit, burden preparation, BF gas treatment unit, dedusting units, scrap pre-heating, coal drying for PCI, vessels preheating stands, casting ingots preheating stands, compressed air production, dust treatment unit (briquetting), sludge treatment unit (briquetting), steam injection in BF unit, steam generation plant, converter BOF gas cooling and miscellaneous are included.1,328
Pre-bake anodeAnodes for aluminium electrolysis use consisting of petrol coke, pitch and normally recycled anodes, which are formed to shape specifically intended for a particular smelter and baked in anode baking ovens to a temperature of around 1 150 °C. Söderberg anodes are not covered by this product benchmark.All processes directly or indirectly linked to the production of pre-bake anodes are included.0,324
AluminiumUnwrought non-alloy liquid aluminium from electrolysis. Expressed in tonnes measured between the electrolysis section and the holding furnace of the cast house, before alloys and secondary aluminium are added.All processes directly or indirectly linked to the production step electrolysis are included. Emissions resulting from holding furnaces and casting, and emissions related to anode productions are excluded.1,514
Grey cement clinkerGrey cement clinker as total clinker produced.All processes directly or indirectly linked to the production of grey cement clinker are included.0,766
White cement clinkerWhite cement clinker for use as main binding component in the formulation of materials such as joint filers, ceramic tile adhesives, insulation, and anchorage mortars, industrial floor mortars, ready mixed plaster, repair mortars, and water-tight coatings with maximum average contents of 0,4 mass-% Fe2O3, 0,003 mass-% Cr2O3 and 0,03 mass-% Mn2O3. Expressed in tonnes of white cement clinker (as 100 % clinker).All processes directly or indirectly linked to the production of white cement clinker are included.0,987
LimeQuicklime: calcium oxide (CaO) produced by the decarbonation of limestone (CaCO3). Expressed in tonnes of ‘standard pure’ defined as lime with a free CaO content of 94,5 %. Lime produced and consumed in the same installation for purification processes is not covered by this product benchmark. The internal lime production of the pulp sector is already covered by the respective pulp benchmarks and is therefore not eligible for additional allocation based on the lime benchmark.All processes directly or indirectly linked to the production of lime are included.0,954
Dolime

Dolime or calcined dolomite as mixture of calcium and magnesium oxides produced by the decarbonation of dolomite (CaCO3 · MgCO3) with a residual CO2 exceeding 0,25 %, a free MgO content between 25 % and 40 % and a bulk density of the commercial product below 3,05 g/cm3.

Dolime shall be expressed as ‘standard pure dolime’ quality with a free CaO content of 57,4 % and a free MgO content of 38,0 %.

All processes directly or indirectly linked to the production of dolime are included, in particular fuel preparation, calcination/sintering and flue gas treatment.1,072
Sintered dolimeMixture of calcium and magnesium oxides used solely for the production of refractory bricks and other refractory products with a minimum bulk density of 3,05 g/cm3. Expressed in tonnes of saleable sintered dolime.All processes directly or indirectly linked to the production of sintered dolime are included.1,449
Float glassFloat/ground/polish glass. (as tons of glass exiting the lehr).All processes directly or indirectly linked to the production steps melter, refiner, working end, bath and lehr are included. Finishing workshops that can be physically separated from the upstream process, such as offline coating, laminating and toughening are excluded.0,453
Bottles and jars of colourless glassBottles of colourless glass of a nominal capacity < 2,5 litres, produced in a furnace where there is no deliberate addition of colour for beverages and foodstuffs (excluding bottles covered with leather or composition leather; infant's feeding bottles) except extra-white flint products with an iron oxide content expressed as percent Fe2O3 by weight lower than 0,03 % and colour co-ordinates of L in the range 100 to 87, of a in the range 0 to – 5 and of b in the range 0 to 3 (using the CIELAB advocated by the Commission Internationale d'éclairage) expressed as tonnes of packed product.All processes directly or indirectly linked to the production steps materials handling, melting, forming, downstream processing, packaging and ancillary processes are included.0,382
Bottles and jars of coloured glassBottles of coloured glass of a nominal capacity < 2,5 litres, for beverages and foodstuffs (excluding bottles covered with leather or composition leather; infant's feeding bottles), not meeting the definition of the product benchmark for bottles and jars of colourless glass, expressed as tonnes of packed product.All processes directly or indirectly linked to the production steps materials handling, melting, forming, downstream processing, packaging and ancillary processes are included.0,306
Continuous filament glass fibre products

Melted glass for the production of continuous filament glass fibre products namely chopped strands, rovings, yarns and staple glass fibre and mats, expressed as tonnes of melted glass exiting the forehearth calculated from the quantity of raw material input into the furnace after subtraction of the volatile gaseous emissions.

Mineral wool products for thermal, acoustic and fire insulation are not covered by this benchmark.

All processes directly or indirectly linked to the production processes glass melting in the furnaces and glass refining in the forehearths are included, in particular direct CO2 emissions associated to these process CO2 emissions resulting from the decarbonatisation of the glass mineral raw materials during the melting process. Downstream processes to convert the fibres into sellable products are not included in this product benchmark. Supporting processes such as material handling are ragarded as utilities and are outside the system boundaries.0,406
Facing bricksFacing bricks with a density > 1 000 kg/m3 used for masonry based on EN 771-1, excluding pavers, clinker bricks and blue braised facing bricks.All processes directly or indirectly linked to the production processes raw material preparation, component mixing, forming and shaping of ware, drying of ware, firing of ware, product finishing and flue gas cleaning are included.0,139
PaversClay bricks of any color used for flooring according to EN 1344. Expressed in tonnes of paves as net saleable product.All processes directly or indirectly linked to the production processes raw material preparation, component mixing, forming and shaping of ware, drying of ware, firing of ware, product finishing and flue gas cleaning are included.0,192
Roof tilesClay roofing tiles as defined in EN 1304:2005 excluding blue braised roof tiles and accessories. Expressed in tonnes of saleable roof tiles.All processes directly or indirectly linked to the production processes raw material preparation, component mixing, forming and shaping of ware, drying of ware, firing of ware, product finishing and flue gas cleaning are included.0,144
Spray dried powderSpray-dried powder for the production of dry-pressed wall and floor tiles. Expressed in tonnes of powder produced.All processes directly or indirectly linked to the production of spray-dried powder are included.0,076
Plaster

Plasters consisting of calcined gypsum or calcium sulphate (including for use in building, for use in dressing woven fabrics or surfacing paper, for use in dentistry, for use in land remediation), in tonnes of stucco (saleable production).

Alpha plaster, plaster that is further processed to plasterboard and the production of the intermediate product dried secondary gypsum are not covered by this product benchmark.

All processes directly or indirectly linked to the production steps milling, drying and calcining are included.0,048
Dried secondary gypsumDried secondary gypsum (synthetic gypsum produced as a recycled by-product of the power industry or recycled material from construction waste and demolition) expressed as tonnes of product.All processes directly or indirectly linked to the drying of secondary gypsum are included0,017
Short fibre kraft pulpShort fibre kraft pulp is a wood pulp produced by the sulphate chemical process using cooking liquor, characterised by fibre lengths of 1 – 1,5 mm, which is mainly used for products which require specific smoothness and bulk, as tissue and printing paper, expressed as net saleable production in air dried tonnes, measured at the end of the production process, Air dry metric tonne of pulp meaning dry solids content of 90 %.All processes which are part of the pulp production process (in particular the pulp mill, recovery boiler, pulp drying section and lime kiln and connected energy conversion units (boiler/CHP)) are included. Other activities on site that are not part of this process such as sawmilling activities, woodworking activities, production of chemicals for sale, waste treatment (treating waste onsite instead of offsite (drying, pelletising, incinerating, landfilling), PCC (precipitated calcium carbonate) production, treatment of odorous gases, and district heating are not included.0,12
Long fibre kraft pulpLong fibre kraft pulp is a wood pulp produced by the sulphate chemical process using cooking liquor, characterised by fibre lengths of 3 – 3,5 mm, including bleached and unbleached pulp, expressed as net saleable production in air dried tonnes, measured at the end of the production process. Air dry metric tonne of pulp meaning dry solids content of 90 %.All processes which are part of the pulp production process (in particular the pulp mill, recovery boiler, pulp drying section and lime kiln and connected energy conversion units (boiler/CHP)) are included. Other activities on site that are not part of this process such as sawmilling activities, woodworking activities, production of chemicals for sale, waste treatment (treating waste onsite instead of offsite (drying, pelletising, incinerating, landfilling), PCC (precipitated calcium carbonate) production, treatment of odorous gases, and district heating are not included.0,06
Sulphite pulp, thermo-mechanical and mechanical pulp

Sulphite pulp produced by a specific pulp making process, e.g. pulp produced by cooking wood chips in a pressure vessel in the presence of bisulphite liquor expressed as net saleable production in air dried metric tonnes measured at the end of the production process. Air dry metric tonne of pulp meaning dry solids contents of 90 %. Sulphite pulp can be either bleached or unbleached.

Mechanical pulp grades: TMP (thermomechanical pulp) and groundwood as net saleable production in air dried metric tonnes measured at the end of the production process. Air dry metric tonne of pulp meaning dry solids contents of 90 %. Mechanical pulp can be either bleached or unbleached.

Not covered by this group are the smaller subgroups of semichemical pulp CTMP – chemi-thermomechanical pulp and dissolving pulp.

All processes which are part of the pulp production process (in particular the pulp mill, recovery boiler, pulp drying section and lime kiln and connected energy conversion units (boiler/CHP)) are included. Other activities on site that are not part of this process such as sawmilling activities, woodworking activities, production of chemicals for sale, waste treatment (treating waste onsite instead of offsite (drying, pelletising, incinerating, landfilling), PCC (precipitated calcium carbonate) production, treatment of odorous gases, and district heating are not included.0,02
Recovered paper pulp

Pulps of fibres derived from recovered (waste and scrap) paper or paperboard or of other fibrous cellulosic material expressed in tonnes of saleable production in air dried metric tonnes measured at the end of the production process. Air dry metric tonne of pulp meaning dry solids contents of 90 %.

In case of pulp production, the production is defined as the total pulp produced including both pulp for internal delivery to a paper mill and market pulp.

All processes which are part of the production of pulp from recovered paper and connected energy conversion units (boiler/CHP)) are included. Other activities on site that are not part of this process such as sawmilling activities, woodworking activities, production of chemicals for sale, waste treatment (treating waste onsite instead of offsite (drying, pelletising, incinerating, landfilling), PCC (precipitated calcium carbonate) production, treatment of odorous gases, and district heating are not included.0,039
NewsprintSpecific paper grade (in rolls or sheets) expressed as net saleable production in air dried tonnes, defined as paper with 6 % moisture content.All processes which are part of the paper production process (in particular paper or board machine and connected energy conversion units (boiler/CHP) and direct process fuel use) are included. Other activities on site that are not part of this process such as sawmilling activities, woodworking activities, production of chemicals for sale, waste treatment (treating waste onsite instead of offsite (drying, pelletising, incinerating, landfilling), PCC (precipitated calcium carbonate) production, treatment of odorous gases, and district heating are not included.0,298
Uncoated fine paper

Uncoated fine paper, covering both uncoated mechanical and uncoated woodfree expressed as net saleable production in air dried tonnes, defined as paper with 6 % moisture content.

1.

Uncoated woodfree papers covers papers suitable for printing or other graphic purposes made from a variety of mainly virgin fibre furnishes, with variable levels of mineral filler and a range of finishing processes.

2.

Uncoated mechanical papers cover the specific paper grades made from mechanical pulp, used for packaging or graphic purposes/magazines.

All processes which are part of the paper production process (in particular paper or board machine and connected energy conversion units (boiler/CHP) and direct process fuel use) are included. Other activities on site that are not part of this process such as sawmilling activities, woodworking activities, production of chemicals for sale, waste treatment (treating waste onsite instead of offsite (drying, pelletising, incinerating, landfilling), PCC (precipitated calcium carbonate) production, treatment of odorous gases, and district heating are not included.0,318
Coated fine paperCoated fine paper covering both coated mechanical and coated woodfree papers expressed as net saleable production in air dried tonnes, defined as paper with 6 % moisture content.All processes which are part of the paper production process (in particular paper or board machine and connected energy conversion units (boiler/CHP) and direct process fuel use) are included. Other activities on site that are not part of this process such as sawmilling activities, woodworking activities, production of chemicals for sale, waste treatment (treating waste onsite instead of offsite (drying, pelletising, incinerating, landfilling), PCC (precipitated calcium carbonate) production, treatment of odorous gases, and district heating are not included.0,318
TissueTissue papers, covering a wide range of tissue and other hygienic papers for use in households or commercial and industrial premises such as toilet paper and facial tissues, kitchen towels, hand towels and industrial wipes, the manufacture of baby nappies, sanitary towels, etc. TAD - Through Air Dried Tissue is not part of this group. Expressed as tonnes of net saleable production of parent reel in air dried tonnes, defined as paper with 6 % moisture content.All processes which are part of the paper production process (in particular paper or board machine and connected energy conversion units (boiler/CHP) and direct process fuel use) are included. Other activities on site that are not part of this process such as sawmilling activities, woodworking activities, production of chemicals for sale, waste treatment (treating waste onsite instead of offsite (drying, pelletising, incinerating, landfilling), PCC (precipitated calcium carbonate) production, treatment of odorous gases, and district heating are not included. The conversion of parent reel weight to finished products is not part of this product benchmark.0,334
Testliner and fluting

Testliner and fluting expressed as net saleable production in air dried tonnes defined as paper with 6 % moisture content.

1.

Testliner covers types of paperboard that meet specific tests adopted by the packaging industry to qualify for use as the outer facing layer for corrugated board, from which shipping containers are made.

2.

Fluting refers to the centre segment of corrugated shipping containers, being faced with linerboard (testliner/kraftliner) on both sides. Fluting covers mainly papers made from recycled fibre but this group also holds paperboard that is made from chemical and semi-chemical pulp. Kraftliner is not inluded in this product benchmark.

All processes which are part of the paper production process (in particular paper or board machine and connected energy conversion units (boiler/CHP) and direct process fuel use) are included. Other activities on site that are not part of this process such as sawmilling activities, woodworking activities, production of chemicals for sale, waste treatment (treating waste onsite instead of offsite (drying, pelletising, incinerating, landfilling), PCC (precipitated calcium carbonate) production, treatment of odorous gases, and district heating are not included.0,248
Uncoated carton boardVarious uncoated products (expressed as net saleable production in air dried tonnes, defined as paper with 6 % moisture content) which may be single or multiply. Uncoated carton board is mainly used for packaging applications which the main needed characteristic is strength and stiffness, and for which the commercial aspects as information carrier are of a second order of importance. Carton board is made from virgin and/or recovered fibres, has good folding properties, stiffness and scoring ability. It is mainly used in cartons for consumer products such as frozen food, cosmetics and for liquid containers; also known as solid board, folding box board, boxboard or carrier board or core board.All processes which are part of the paper production process (in particular paper or board machine and connected energy conversion units (boiler/CHP) and direct process fuel use) are included. Other activities on site that are not part of this process such as sawmilling activities, woodworking activities, production of chemicals for sale, waste treatment (treating waste onsite instead of offsite (drying, pelletising, incinerating, landfilling), PCC (precipitated calcium carbonate) production, treatment of odorous gases, and district heating are not included.0,237
Coated carton boardThis benchmark covers a wide range of coated products (expressed as net saleable production in air dried tonnes, defined as paper with 6 % moisture content) which may be single or multiply. Coated carton board is mainly used for commercial applications that need to bring commercial information printed on the packaging to the shelf in the store in applications such as food, pharma, cosmetics, and other. Carton board is made from virgin and/or recovered fibres, and has good folding properties, stiffness and scoring ability. It is mainly used in cartons for consumer products such as frozen food, cosmetics and for liquid containers; also known as solid board, folding box board, boxboard or carrier board or core board.All processes which are part of the paper production process (in particular paper or board machine and connected energy conversion units (boiler/CHP) and direct process fuel use) are included. Other activities on site that are not part of this process such as sawmilling activities, woodworking activities, production of chemicals for sale, waste treatment (treating waste onsite instead of offsite (drying, pelletising, incinerating, landfilling), PCC (precipitated calcium carbonate) production, treatment of odorous gases, and district heating are not included.0,273
Nitric acidNitric acid (HNO3), to be recorded in tonnes HNO3 (100 % purity).All processes directly or indirectly linked to the production of the benchmarked product as well as the N2O destruction process are included except the production of ammonia.0,302
Adipic acidAdipic acid to be recorded in tonnes of dry purified adipic acid stored in silos or packed in (big)bags. Salts and esters of adipic acid are not covered by this product benchmark.All processes directly or indirectly linked to the production of the benchmarked product as well as the N2O destruction process are included.2,79
Vinyl chloride monomer (VCM)Vinyl chloride (chloroethylene). Expressed in tonnes of vinyl chloride (saleable product, 100 % purity).

All processes directly or indirectly linked to the production steps direct chlorination, oxychlorination and EDC cracking to VCM are included.

Direct chlorination refers to chlorination of ethylene. Oxychlorination refers to chlorination of ethylene with hydrogen chloride (HCl) and oxygen.

The incineration of chlorinated hydrocarbons contained in the vent gases of EDC/VCM production is included in the benchmark. The production of oxygen and compressed air used as raw materials in VCM manufacture are excluded from the benchmark.

0,204
Phenol/acetoneSum of phenol, acetone and the by-product alpha-methyl styrene as total production, expressed in tonnes of saleable product at 100 % purity.All processes directly or indirectly linked to the production of phenol and acetone are included, in particular air compression, hydroperoxidation, cumene recovery from spent air, concentration & cleavage, production fractionation & purification, tar cracking, acetophenone recovery & purification, AMS recovery for export, AMS hydrogenation for ISB recycle, initial waste water purification (1st waste water stripper), cooling water generation (e.g., cooling towers), cooling water utilisation (circulation pumps),flare & incinerators (even if physically located OSB) as well as any support fuel consumption.0,266
S-PVCPolyvinyl chloride; not mixed with any other substances consisting of PVC particles with a mean size between 50 and 200 μm. Expressed in tonnes of S-PVC (saleable product, 100 % purity).All processes directly or indirectly linked to the production of S-PVC are included except the production of VCM.0,085
E-PVCPolyvinyl chloride; not mixed with any other substances consisting of PVC particles with a mean size between 0,1 and 3 μm. Expressed in tonnes of E-PVC (saleable product, 100 % purity).All processes directly or indirectly linked to the production of E-PVC are included except the production of VCM.0,238
Soda ashDisodium carbonate, expressed in tonnes of soda ash as total gross production except dense soda ash obtained as by-product in a caprolactam production network.All processes directly or indirectly linked to the process units brine purification, limestone calcination and milk of lime production, absorption of ammonia, precipitation of NaHCO3, filtration or Separation of NaHCO3 crystals from mother liquor, decomposition of NaHCO3 to Na2CO3, recovery of ammonia and densification or production of dense soda ash are included.0,843

If no other reference is given, all product benchmarks refer to 1 ton of product produced expressed as saleable (net) production and to 100 % purity of the substance concerned.

All definitions of processes and emissions covered (system boundaries) include flares where they occur.

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