Regulation (EU) 2019/1242 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 20 June 2019 setting CO2 emission performance standards for new heavy-duty vehicles and amending Regulations (EC) No 595/2009 and (EU) 2018/956 of the European Parliament and of the Council and Council Directive 96/53/EC (Text with EEA relevance) (c. 1242)

ANNEX I U.K. Average specific CO₂ emissions, specific CO₂ emissions targets and excess CO₂ emissions

1. VEHICLE SUB-GROUPS U.K.

Each new heavy-duty vehicle shall be attributed to one of the vehicle sub-groups defined in Table 1 in accordance with the conditions set out therein.

Table 1

Vehicle sub-groups (sg)

Heavy-duty vehicles	Cab type	Engine power	Vehicle sub-group (sg)
Rigid lorries with axle configuration 4 × 2 and technically permissible maximum laden mass > 16 tonnes	All	< 170 kW	4-UD
	Day cab	≥ 170 kW	4-RD
	Sleeper cab	≥ 170 kW and < 265 kW
	Sleeper cab	≥ 265 kW	4-LH
Rigid lorries with axle configuration 6 × 2	Day cab	All	9-RD
	Sleeper cab		9-LH
Tractors with axle configuration 4 × 2 and technically permissible maximum laden mass > 16 tonnes	Day cab	All	5-RD
	Sleeper cab	< 265 kW
	Sleeper cab	≥ 265 kW	5-LH
Tractors with axle configuration 6 × 2	Day cab	All	10-RD
	Sleeper cab		10-LH

‘Sleeper cab’ means a type of cab that has a compartment behind the driver’s seat intended to be used for sleeping as reported in accordance with Regulation (EU) 2018/956.

‘Day cab’ means a type of cab that is not a sleeper cab.

If a new heavy-duty vehicle cannot be attributed to a vehicle sub-group because information on the cab type or engine power is not available, it shall be attributed to the long-haul (LH) vehicle sub-group corresponding to its chassis type (rigid lorry or tractor) and axle configuration (4 × 2 or 6 × 2).

Where a new heavy-duty vehicle is attributed to vehicle sub-group 4-UD, but data on the CO₂ emissions in g/km are not available for the UDL or UDR mission profiles as defined in Table 2 of point 2.1, the new heavy-duty vehicle shall be attributed to vehicle sub-group 4-RD.

2. AVERAGE SPECIFIC CO₂ EMISSIONS OF A MANUFACTURER U.K.

2.1. Specific CO₂ emissions of a new heavy-duty vehicle U.K.

The specific CO₂ emissions in g/km of a new heavy-duty vehicle v (CO2_v ), attributed to the vehicle sub-group sg shall be calculated as follows:

where:

mp

is the sum over all mission profiles mp listed in Table 2;

sg

is the vehicle sub-group to which the new heavy-duty vehicle v has been attributed according to point 1 of this Annex;

W _sg,mp

is the mission profile weight specified in Table 2;

CO2 _v,mp

is the CO₂ emissions in g/km of a new heavy-duty vehicle v determined for a mission profile mp and reported in accordance with Regulation (EU) 2018/956.

The specific CO₂ emissions of a zero-emission heavy-duty vehicle shall be set to 0 g CO₂/km.

The specific CO₂ emissions of a vocational vehicle shall be the average of the CO₂ emissions in g/km reported in accordance with Regulation (EU) 2018/956.

Table 2

Mission profile weights (W_sg,mp)

a See mission profile definitions under this Table.
Vehicle sub-group (sg)	Mission profilea (mp)
	RDL	RDR	LHL	LHR	UDL	UDR	REL, RER, LEL, LER
4-UD	0	0	0	0	0,5	0,5	0
4-RD	0,45	0,45	0,05	0,05	0	0	0
4-LH	0,05	0,05	0,45	0,45	0	0	0
9-RD	0,27	0,63	0,03	0,07	0	0	0
9-LH	0,03	0,07	0,27	0,63	0	0	0
5-RD	0,27	0,63	0,03	0,07	0	0	0
5-LH	0,03	0,07	0,27	0,63	0	0	0
10-RD	0,27	0,63	0,03	0,07	0	0	0
10-LH	0,03	0,07	0,27	0,63	0	0	0

Mission profile definitions

RDL	Regional delivery payload low
RDR	Regional delivery payload representative
LHL	Long haul payload low
LHR	Long haul payload representative
UDL	Urban delivery payload low
UDR	Urban delivery payload representative
REL	Regional delivery (EMS) payload low
RER	Regional delivery (EMS) payload representative
LEL	Long haul (EMS) payload low
LER	Long haul (EMS) payload representative

2.2. Average specific CO₂ emissions of all new heavy-duty vehicles in a vehicle sub-group for a manufacturer U.K.

For each manufacturer and each reporting period, the average specific CO₂ emissions in g/tkm of all new heavy-duty vehicles in the vehicle sub-group sg (avgCO2_sg ) shall be calculated as follows:

where:

v

is the sum over all new heavy-duty vehicles of the manufacturer in the vehicle sub-group sg, excluding vocational vehicles, in accordance with point (a) of the first paragraph of Article 4;

CO2 _v

is the specific CO₂ emissions of a new heavy-duty vehicle v determined in accordance with point 2.1;

V_sg

is the number of new heavy-duty vehicles of the manufacturer in the vehicle sub-group sg, excluding vocational vehicles, in accordance with point (a) of the first paragraph of Article 4;

PL _sg

is the average payload of vehicles in the vehicle sub-group sg as determined in point 2.5.

2.3. The zero- and low-emission factor referred to in Article 5 U.K.

2.3.1. Reporting periods 2019 to 2024 U.K.

For each manufacturer and reporting period from 2019 to 2024, the zero- and low-emission factor (ZLEV) referred to in Article 5 shall be calculated as follows:

with a minimum of 0,97

where:

V

is the number of new heavy-duty vehicles of the manufacturer that meet the characteristics set out in the first subparagraph of Article 2(1), excluding vocational vehicles, in accordance with point (a) of the first paragraph of Article 4;

Vconv

is the number of new heavy-duty vehicles of the manufacturer that meet the characteristics set out in the first subparagraph of Article 2(1), excluding vocational vehicles, in accordance with point (a) of the first paragraph of Article 4 and excluding zero- and low-emission heavy-duty vehicles;

Vzlev

is the sum of Vin and Vout,

where:

Vin is

with being the sum over all new zero- and low-emission heavy-duty vehicles that meet the characteristics set out in the first subparagraph of Article 2(1);

CO2_v

is the specific CO₂ emissions in g/km of a zero- or low-emission heavy-duty vehicle v determined in accordance with point 2.1;

LET_sg

is the low-emission threshold of the vehicle sub-group sg to which the vehicle v belongs as defined in point 2.3.3;

Vout

is the total number of newly registered zero-emission heavy-duty vehicles referred to in the second subparagraph of Article 2(1), multiplied by 2, and with a maximum of 1,5 % of Vconv.

2.3.2. Reporting periods from 2025 onwards U.K.

For each manufacturer and reporting period, the zero- and low-emission factor (ZLEV) referred to in Article 5 shall be calculated as follows:

unless this sum is larger than 1 or lower than 0,97 in which case the ZLEV factor shall be set to 1 or 0,97, as the case may be

where:

x

is 0,02

y

is the sum of Vin and Vout, divided by Vtotal, where:

Vin

is the total number of newly registered low- and zero-emission heavy-duty vehicles that meet the characteristics set out in the first subparagraph of Article 2(1), where each of them is counted as ZLEVspecific in accordance with the formula below:

where:

CO2_v

is the specific CO₂ emissions in g/km of a zero- or low-emission heavy-duty vehicle v determined in accordance with point 2.1;

LET_sg

is the low-emission threshold of the vehicle sub-group sg to which the vehicle v belongs as defined in point 2.3.3;

Vout

is the total number of newly registered zero-emission heavy-duty vehicles referred to in the second subparagraph of Article 2(1), and with a maximum of 0,035 of Vtotal;

Vtotal

is the total number of newly registered heavy-duty vehicles of the manufacturer in that reporting period.

Where Vin/Vtotal is lower than 0,0075, the ZLEV factor shall be set to 1.

2.3.3. Low-emission threshold U.K.

The low-emission threshold LET_sg of the vehicle sub-group sg is defined as follows:

where:

rCO2 _sg

is the reference CO₂ emissions of the vehicle sub-group sg, as determined in point 3;

PL_sg

is the average payload of vehicles in the vehicle sub-group sg, as determined in point 2.5.

2.4. The manufacturer’s share of new heavy-duty vehicles in a vehicle sub-group U.K.

For each manufacturer and each reporting period, the share of new heavy-duty vehicles in the vehicle sub-group sg (share_sg ) shall be calculated as follows:

where:

V_sg

is the number of new heavy-duty vehicles of the manufacturer in the vehicle sub-group sg, excluding vocational vehicles, in accordance with point (a) of the first paragraph of Article 4;

V

is the number of new heavy-duty vehicles of the manufacturer, excluding vocational vehicles, in accordance with point (a) of the first paragraph of Article 4.

2.5. Average payload values of all vehicles in a vehicle sub-group U.K.

The average payload value of a vehicle in the vehicle sub-group sg (PL_sg ) shall be calculated as follows:

where:

mp

is the sum over all mission profiles mp;

W _sg,mp

is the mission profile weight specified in Table 2 under point 2.1;

PL _sg,mp

is the payload value attributed to the vehicles in the vehicle sub-group sg for the mission profile mp, as specified in Table 3.

Table 3

Payload values PL_sg,mp (in tonnes)

a See mission profile definitions under Table 2 of point 2.1
Vehicle sub-group sg	Mission profilea mp
	RDL	RDR	LHL	LHR	UDL	UDR	REL	RER	LEL	LER
4-UD	0,9	4,4	1,9	14	0,9	4,4	3,5	17,5	3,5	26,5
4-RD
4-LH
5-RD	2,6	12,9	2,6	19,3	2,6	12,9	3,5	17,5	3,5	26,5
5-LH
9-RD	1,4	7,1	2,6	19,3	1,4	7,1	3,5	17,5	3,5	26,5
9-LH
10-RD	2,6	12,9	2,6	19,3	2,6	12,9	3,5	17,5	3,5	26,5
10-LH

2.6. Mileage and payload weighting factor U.K.

The mileage and payload weighting factor (MPW_sg) of the vehicle sub-group sg is defined as the product of the annual mileage specified in Table 4 and the payload value per vehicle sub-group specified in Table 3 of point 2.5, normalised to the respective value for vehicle sub-group 5-LH, and shall be calculated as follows:

where:

AM_sg

is the annual mileage specified in Table 4 for the vehicles in the respective vehicle sub-group;

AM_5-LH

is the annual mileage specified for the vehicle sub-group 5-LH in Table 4;

PL_sg

is the average payload value as determined in point 2.5;

PL_5-LH

is the average payload value for the vehicle sub-group 5-LH as determined in point 2.5.

Table 4

Annual mileages

Vehicle sub-group sg	Annual mileage AMsg (in km)
4-UD	60 000
4-RD	78 000
4-LH	98 000
5-RD	78 000
5-LH	116 000
9-RD	73 000
9-LH	108 000
10-RD	68 000
10-LH	107 000

2.7. Average specific CO₂ emissions in g/tkm of a manufacturer referred to in Article 4 U.K.

For each manufacturer and each reporting period, the average specific CO₂ emissions in g/tkm (CO₂ ) shall be calculated as follows:

where:

is the sum over all vehicle sub-groups;

ZLEV

is the zero- and low-emission factor as determined in point 2.3;

share,_sg

is the share of new heavy-duty vehicles in the vehicle sub-group sg as determined in point 2.4;

MPW_sg

is the mileage and payload weighting factor as determined in point 2.6;

avgCO2_sg

is the average specific CO₂ emissions in g/tkm as determined in point 2.2.

3. THE REFERENCE CO₂ EMISSIONS REFERRED TO IN THE SECOND PARAGRAPH OF ARTICLE 1 U.K.

The reference CO₂ emissions (rCO2_sg ) shall be calculated for each vehicle sub-group sg on the basis of all new heavy-duty vehicles of all manufacturers of the reference period as follows:

where:

is the sum over all new heavy-duty vehicles registered in the reference period in the vehicle sub-group sg, excluding vocational vehicles, in accordance with the second paragraph of Article 1;

CO2_v

are the specific CO₂ emissions of the new heavy-duty vehicle v as determined in accordance with point 2.1, if applicable adjusted pursuant to Annex II;

rV_sg

is the number of all new heavy-duty vehicles registered in the reference period in the vehicle sub-group sg, excluding vocational vehicles, in accordance with the second paragraph of Article 1;

PL_sg

is the average payload of vehicles in the vehicle sub-group sg as determined in point 2.5.

4. THE SPECIFIC CO₂ EMISSIONS TARGET OF A MANUFACTURER REFERRED TO IN ARTICLE 6 U.K.

For each manufacturer and each reporting period, from 1 July 2025 onwards, the specific CO₂ emissions target T shall be calculated as follows:

where:

is the sum over all vehicle sub-groups;

share_sg

is the share of new heavy-duty vehicles in the vehicle sub-group sg as determined in point 2.4;

MPW_sg

is the mileage and payload weighting factor as determined in point 2.6;

rf

is the CO₂ emissions reduction target (in %) applicable in that specific reporting period;

rCO2_sg

is the reference CO₂ emissions as determined in point 3.

5. EMISSION CREDITS AND EMISSION DEBTS REFERRED TO IN ARTICLE 7 U.K.

5.1. CO₂ emissions reduction trajectory for emission credits U.K.

For each manufacturer and each reporting period of the years Y from 2019 to 2030, a CO₂ emissions reduction trajectory (ET_Y) is defined as follows:

where:

is the sum over all vehicle sub-groups;

share_sg

is the share of new heavy-duty vehicles in the vehicle sub-group sg as determined in point 2.4;

MPW_sg

is the mileage and payload weighting factor as determined in point 2.6;

rCO2_sg

is the reference CO₂ emissions as determined in point 3;

R-ET_Y

is defined as follows:

for the reporting periods of the years Y from 2019 to 2025:

and, for the reporting periods of the years Y from 2026 to 2030:

rf₂₀₂₅and rf₂₀₃₀

are the CO₂ emissions reduction targets (in %) applicable for the reporting periods of the years 2025 and 2030, respectively.

5.2. Emission credits and emission debts in each reporting period U.K.

For each manufacturer and each reporting period of the years Y from 2019 to 2029, the emission credits (cCO2_Y ) and emission debts (dCO2_Y ) (shall be calculated as follows:

If CO2_Y < ET_Y:

dCO2_Y = 0

If CO2_Y > T_Y for the years 2025 to 2029:

dCO2_Y = 0

In all other cases dCO2_Y and cCO2_Y are set to 0.

where:

ET_Y

is the manufacturer’s CO₂ emissions reduction trajectory in the reporting period of the year Y determined in accordance with point 5.1;

CO2_Y

is the average specific CO₂ emissions of the manufacturer in the reporting period of the year Y determined in accordance with point 2.7;

T_Y

is the manufacturer specific CO₂ emissions target in the reporting period of the year Y determined in accordance with point 4;

V_Y

is the number of new heavy-duty vehicles of the manufacturer in the reporting period of the year Y, excluding vocational vehicles, in accordance with point (a) of the first paragraph of Article 4.

5.3. Emission debt limit U.K.

For each manufacturer the emission debt limit (limCO₂) is defined as follows:

where:

T₂₀₂₅

is the manufacturer specific CO₂ emissions target in the reporting period of the year 2025 determined in accordance with point 4;

V₂₀₂₅

is the number of new heavy-duty vehicles of the manufacturer in the reporting period of the year 2025, excluding vocational vehicles, in accordance with point (a) of the first paragraph of Article 4.

5.4. Emission credits acquired before the year 2025 U.K.

Emission debts acquired for the reporting period of the year 2025 shall be reduced by an amount (redCO2) corresponding to the emission credits acquired prior to that reporting period, which is determined for each manufacturer as follows:

where:

min

is the minimum of the two values mentioned between the brackets;

is the sum over the reporting periods of the years Y from 2019 to 2024;

dCO2₂₀₂₅

is the emission debts for reporting period of the year 2025 as determined in accordance with point 5.2;

cCO2_Y

is the emission credits for the reporting period of the year Y as determined in accordance with point 5.2.

6. A MANUFACTURER’S EXCESS CO₂ EMISSIONS REFERRED TO IN ARTICLE 8(2) U.K.

For each manufacturer and each reporting period from the year 2025 onwards, the value of the excess CO₂ emissions (exeCO2_Y ) shall be calculated as follows, if the value is positive:

• For the reporting period of the year 2025

  

• For the reporting periods of the years Y from 2026 to 2028

  

• For the reporting period of the year 2029

  

• For the reporting periods of the years Y from 2030 onwards

  

where:

is the sum over the reporting periods of the years Y from 2019 to 2025;

is the sum over the reporting periods of the years I from 2025 to the year Y;

is the sum over the reporting periods of the years J from 2025 to the year (Y–1);

is the sum over the reporting periods of the years J from 2025 to 2028;

is the sum over the reporting periods of the years I from 2025 to 2029;

dCO2_Y

is the emission debts for the reporting period of the year Y as determined in accordance with point 5.2;

cCO2_Y

is the emission credits for the reporting period of the year Y as determined in accordance with point 5.2;

limCO2

is the emission debt limit as determined in accordance with point 5.3;

redCO2

is the reduction of emission debts of the reporting period of the year 2025 as determined in accordance with 5.4.

In all other cases the value of the excess CO₂ emissions exeCO2_Y shall be set to 0.