to control active power output, the power-generating module shall be equipped with an interface (input port) in order to be able to reduce active power output following an instruction at the input port; and

the relevant system operator shall have the right to specify the requirements for further equipment to allow active power output to be remotely operated.

with regard to fault-ride-through capability of power-generating modules:

1. (i)

   each TSO shall specify a voltage-against-time-profile in line with Figure 3 at the connection point for fault conditions, which describes the conditions in which the power-generating module is capable of staying connected to the network and continuing to operate stably after the power system has been disturbed by secured faults on the transmission system;

2. (ii)

   the voltage-against-time-profile shall express a lower limit of the actual course of the phase-to-phase voltages on the network voltage level at the connection point during a symmetrical fault, as a function of time before, during and after the fault;

3. (iii)

   the lower limit referred to in point (ii) shall be specified by the relevant TSO using the parameters set out in Figure 3, and within the ranges set out in Tables 3.1 and 3.2;

4. (iv)

   each TSO shall specify and make publicly available the pre-fault and post-fault conditions for the fault-ride-through capability in terms of:

   • the calculation of the pre-fault minimum short circuit capacity at the connection point,

   • pre-fault active and reactive power operating point of the power-generating module at the connection point and voltage at the connection point, and

   • calculation of the post-fault minimum short circuit capacity at the connection point;

5. (v)

   at the request of a power-generating facility owner, the relevant system operator shall provide the pre-fault and post-fault conditions to be considered for fault-ride-through capability as an outcome of the calculations at the connection point as specified in point (iv) regarding:

   • pre-fault minimum short circuit capacity at each connection point expressed in MVA,

   • pre-fault operating point of the power-generating module expressed in active power output and reactive power output at the connection point and voltage at the connection point, and

   • post-fault minimum short circuit capacity at each connection point expressed in MVA.

   Alternatively, the relevant system operator may provide generic values derived from typical cases;

   Figure 3

   

   The diagram represents the lower limit of a voltage-against-time profile of the voltage at the connection point, expressed as the ratio of its actual value and its reference 1 pu value before, during and after a fault. U_ret is the retained voltage at the connection point during a fault, t_clear is the instant when the fault has been cleared. U_rec1, U_rec2, t_rec1, t_rec2 and t_rec3 specify certain points of lower limits of voltage recovery after fault clearance.

   Table 3.1Parameters for Figure 3 for fault-ride-through capability of synchronous power-generating modules

   Voltage parameters (pu)		Time parameters (seconds)
   Uret:	F10.05-F20.3	tclear:	F30.14-F40.15 (or F30.14-F50.25 if system protection and secure operation so require)
   Uclear:	F60.7-F70.9	trec1:	tclear
   Urec1:	Uclear	trec2:	trec1-F60.7
   Urec2:	F80.85-F70.9 and ≥ Uclear	trec3:	trec2-F91.5

   Table 3.2Parameters for Figure 3 for fault-ride-through capability of power park modules

   Voltage parameters (pu)		Time parameters (seconds)
   Uret:	F100.05-F110.15	tclear:	F120.14-F110.15 (or F120.14-F130.25 if system protection and secure operation so require)
   Uclear:	Uret-F110.15	trec1:	tclear
   Urec1:	Uclear	trec2:	trec1
   Urec2:	F140.85	trec3:	F151.5-F163.0

6. (vi)

   the power-generating module shall be capable of remaining connected to the network and continuing to operate stably when the actual course of the phase-to-phase voltages on the network voltage level at the connection point during a symmetrical fault, given the pre-fault and post-fault conditions in points (iv) and (v) of paragraph 3(a), remain above the lower limit specified in point (ii) of paragraph 3(a), unless the protection scheme for internal electrical faults requires the disconnection of the power-generating module from the network. The protection schemes and settings for internal electrical faults must not jeopardise fault-ride-through performance;

7. (vii)

   without prejudice to point (vi) of paragraph 3(a), undervoltage protection (either fault-ride-through capability or minimum voltage specified at the connection point voltage) shall be set by the power-generating facility owner according to the widest possible technical capability of the power-generating module, unless the relevant system operator requires narrower settings in accordance with point (b) of paragraph 5. The settings shall be justified by the power-generating facility owner in accordance with this principle;

fault-ride-through capabilities in case of asymmetrical faults shall be specified by each TSO.

the relevant TSO shall specify the conditions under which a power-generating module is capable of reconnecting to the network after an incidental disconnection caused by a network disturbance; and

installation of automatic reconnection systems shall be subject both to prior authorisation by the relevant system operator and to the reconnection conditions specified by the relevant TSO.

with regard to control schemes and settings:

1. (i)

   the schemes and settings of the different control devices of the power-generating module that are necessary for transmission system stability and for taking emergency action shall be coordinated and agreed between the relevant TSO, the relevant system operator and the power-generating facility owner;

2. (ii)

   any changes to the schemes and settings, mentioned in point (i), of the different control devices of the power-generating module shall be coordinated and agreed between the relevant TSO, the relevant system operator and the power-generating facility owner, in particular if they apply in the circumstances referred to in point (i) of paragraph 5(a);

with regard to electrical protection schemes and settings:

1. (i)

   the relevant system operator shall specify the schemes and settings necessary to protect the network, taking into account the characteristics of the power-generating module. The protection schemes needed for the power-generating module and the network as well as the settings relevant to the power-generating module shall be coordinated and agreed between the relevant system operator and the power-generating facility owner. The protection schemes and settings for internal electrical faults must not jeopardise the performance of a power-generating module, in line with the requirements set out in this Regulation;

2. (ii)

   electrical protection of the power-generating module shall take precedence over operational controls, taking into account the security of the system and the health and safety of staff and of the public, as well as mitigating any damage to the power-generating module;

3. (iii)

   protection schemes may cover the following aspects:

   • external and internal short circuit,

   • asymmetric load (negative phase sequence),

   • stator and rotor overload,

   • over-/underexcitation,

   • over-/undervoltage at the connection point,

   • over-/undervoltage at the alternator terminals,

   • inter-area oscillations,

   • inrush current,

   • asynchronous operation (pole slip),

   • protection against inadmissible shaft torsions (for example, subsynchronous resonance),

   • power-generating module line protection,

   • unit transformer protection,

   • back-up against protection and switchgear malfunction,

   • overfluxing (U/f),

   • inverse power,

   • rate of change of frequency, and

   • neutral voltage displacement.

4. (iv)

   changes to the protection schemes needed for the power-generating module and the network and to the settings relevant to the power-generating module shall be agreed between the system operator and the power-generating facility owner, and agreement shall be reached before any changes are made;

the power-generating facility owner shall organise its protection and control devices in accordance with the following priority ranking (from highest to lowest):

1. (i)

   network and power-generating module protection;

2. (ii)

   synthetic inertia, if applicable;

3. (iii)

   frequency control (active power adjustment);

4. (iv)

   power restriction; and

5. (v)

   power gradient constraint;

with regard to information exchange:

1. (i)

   power-generating facilities shall be capable of exchanging information with the relevant system operator or the relevant TSO in real time or periodically with time stamping, as specified by the relevant system operator or the relevant TSO;

2. (ii)

   the relevant system operator, in coordination with the relevant TSO, shall specify the content of information exchanges including a precise list of data to be provided by the power-generating facility.