CHAPTER III

SUBSTANTIVE REQUIREMENTS

Exhaust emission requirements for EU type-approval
Article 18
1
Manufacturers shall ensure that engine types and engine families are designed, constructed and assembled so as to comply with the requirements laid down in Chapter II and this Chapter.
2
As from the dates for the placing on the market of the engines set out in Annex III, engine types and engine families shall not exceed the exhaust emission limit values referred to as Stage V and set out in Annex II.
Where, in accordance with the parameters defining the engine family laid down in the relevant implementing act, one engine family covers more than one power range, the parent engine (for the purposes of the EU type-approval) and all engine types within the same family (for the purposes of conformity of production) shall, with respect to the applicable power ranges:
a
meet the most stringent emission limit values;
b
be tested using the test cycles that correspond to the most stringent emission limit values;
c
be subject to the earliest applicable dates for the EU type-approval and placing on the market set out in Annex III.
3
The exhaust emissions of engine types and engine families shall be measured on the basis of the test cycles set out in Article 24 and in accordance with Article 25.
4
Engine types and engine families shall be designed and fitted with emission control strategies in such a way as to prevent tampering to the extent possible. The use of defeat strategies shall be prohibited.
5
The Commission shall adopt implementing acts laying down the details for the parameters to be used for the definition of engine types and engine families, including their operation modes, and the technical details for the prevention of tampering as referred to in paragraph 4 of this Article. Those implementing acts shall be adopted, by 31 December 2016, in accordance with the examination procedure referred to in Article 56(2).

Monitoring of emissions of in-service engines
Article 19
1
The gaseous pollutant emissions from engines belonging to engine types or engine families of emission Stage V that have been type-approved in accordance with this Regulation shall be monitored by testing in-service engines installed in non-road mobile machinery and operated over their normal operating duty cycles. Such testing shall be conducted, under the responsibility of the manufacturer and in compliance with the requirements of the approval authority, on engines that have been correctly maintained, in compliance with the provisions on the selection of engines, test procedures and reporting of results for the different engine categories.
The Commission shall conduct pilot programmes with a view to developing appropriate test procedures for those engine categories and sub-categories in respect of which such test procedures are not in place.
The Commission shall conduct monitoring programmes for each engine category to determine to what extent the emissions measured from the test cycle correspond to the emissions measured in actual operation. Those programmes and their results shall, on a yearly basis, be the subject of a presentation to the Member States and, subsequently, of a communication to the public.
2
The Commission is empowered to adopt delegated acts in accordance with Article 55 for the purpose of supplementing this Regulation with detailed arrangements with regard to the selection of engines, test procedures and reporting of results referred to in paragraph 1 of this Article. Those delegated acts shall be adopted by 31 December 2016.