Air traffic controllers and persons and organisations involved in their training, testing, checking and medical examination and assessment must comply with the relevant essential requirements set out in Annex Vb to Regulation (EC) No 216/2008. In particular, they are to be certified or licensed once they have demonstrated compliance with the essential requirements.

The European licence has proved to be an effective way of recognising and certifying the competence of air traffic controllers, who as a profession play a unique role in the operation of safe air traffic control. The Union-wide competence standard has reduced fragmentation in this field and thus contributed to more efficient organisation of work in the current context of increased regional collaboration between air navigation service providers. Maintaining and improving the common licensing scheme for air traffic controllers working in the Union is an important part of the European air traffic control system. To this aim, technical requirements and administrative procedures related to air traffic controllers' licences and certificates, reflecting the state of the art in this domain, should now be laid down.

The provision of air navigation services requires highly skilled personnel and in particular air traffic controllers, whose competence is demonstrated by a licence, issued on the basis of the detailed requirements set out in this Regulation. The rating on a licence should indicate the type of air traffic service an air traffic controller is competent to provide. The endorsements on the licence should reflect both the specific skills of the controller and the authorisation given by the competent authorities to provide services for a particular sector, group of sectors and/or working positions.

In light of the particular characteristics of air traffic in the Union, common competence standards for air traffic controllers employed by air navigation service providers should be introduced and effectively applied, ensuring air traffic management and air navigation services (ATM/ANS) to the public.

Member States should have the possibility to apply this Regulation to their military personnel providing services to the public, as referred to in Article 1(2)(c) of Regulation (EC) No 216/2008.

Poor communication is often a significant contributing factor in incidents and accidents. Therefore, detailed language proficiency requirements for air traffic controllers should be laid down. Those requirements are based on the requirements adopted by the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) and provide a means of enforcing these internationally accepted standards. The principles of non-discrimination, transparency and proportionality are upheld with regard to language proficiency requirements in order to encourage free movement of workers, while ensuring safety. The validity of language proficiency endorsement should be proportionate to the proficiency level as determined in this Regulation.

Common rules for issuing and maintaining licences for air traffic controllers are essential to increase Member States' confidence in each other's systems. To ensure the highest level of safety, uniform requirements for the training, qualifications and competence of air traffic controllers should therefore be introduced. This also serves to ensure the provision of safe, high-quality air traffic control services and it contributes to the recognition of licences throughout the Union, thereby increasing freedom of movement and improving the availability of air traffic controllers.

The European Organisation for the Safety of Air Navigation (Eurocontrol) has set appropriate standards for initial training, set out in the Specification for the ATCO Common Core Content Initial Training. In order to reflect the scientific and technical progress and to facilitate a uniform approach to initial training, which is the key element for ensuring mobility among air traffic controllers, these standards should now be set out in Union law. Requirements should also be established for unit and continuation training, taking into account the applicable essential requirements as specified in Article 8c of Regulation (EC) No 216/2008. In the absence of European training requirements, Member States may continue to rely on training standards developed by ICAO.

In consultation with a group of experts, Eurocontrol has developed requirements for medical assessment of air traffic controllers, which have already been used by Member States together with ICAO Annex 1. Those requirements should now be transposed into Union law in order to ensure their uniform application in all Member States.

In order to ensure that Member States fulfil their safety responsibilities and obligations in a correct and structured manner by means of an administration and management system operated by competent authorities and organisations acting on their behalf, in line with ICAO State Safety Programme, this Regulation should stipulate the requirement to be applied by the competent authorities.

The certification of training organisations is one of the essential factors contributing to the quality of air traffic controller training and thus to the safe provision of air traffic control. The requirements for training organisations should therefore be strengthened. It should be possible to certify training according to the type of training, as a package of training services or as a package of training and air navigation services, without losing sight of the particular characteristics of the training offered by each organisation.

While this Regulation builds on previous achievements and EU regulatory requirements, for the sake of clarity, Regulation (EU) No 805/2011 should be repealed.

In accordance with Articles 17(2)(b) and 19(1) of Regulation (EC) No 216/2008, the Commission has been assisted by the Agency when preparing the measures provided for in this Regulation.

The measures provided for in this Regulation are in accordance with the opinion of the Committee established by Article 65 of Regulation (EC) No 216/2008,