CHAPTER III

MONITORING OF EMISSIONS OF STATIONARY INSTALLATIONS
SECTION 1

General provisions

Categorisation of installations and source streams
Article 19
1
Each operator shall determine the category of its installation pursuant to paragraph 2, and, where relevant, of each source stream pursuant to paragraph 3 for the purpose of monitoring emissions and determining the minimum requirements for tiers.
2
The operator shall classify each installation in one of the following categories:
a
a category A installation, where average verified annual emissions of the trading period immediately preceding the current trading period, with the exclusion of CO2 stemming from biomass and before subtraction of transferred CO2, are equal to or less than 50 000 tonnes of CO 2(e);
b
a category B installation, where the average verified annual emissions of the trading period immediately preceding the current trading period, with the exclusion of CO2 stemming from biomass and before subtraction of transferred CO2, are more than 50 000 tonnes of CO 2(e) and equal to or less than 500 000 tonnes of CO 2(e);
c
a category C installation, where the average verified annual emissions of the trading period immediately preceding the current trading period, with the exclusion of CO2 stemming from biomass and before subtraction of transferred CO2, are more than 500 000 tonnes of CO 2(e).
3
The operator shall classify each source stream, comparing the source stream against the sum of all absolute values of fossil CO2 and CO 2(e) corresponding to all source streams included in calculation-based methodologies and of all emissions of emission sources monitored using measurement-based methodologies, before subtraction of transferred CO2, in one of the following categories:
a
minor source streams, where the source streams selected by the operator jointly correspond to less than 5 000 tonnes of fossil CO2 per year or to less than 10 %, up to a total maximum contribution of 100 000 tonnes of fossil CO2 per year, whichever is the highest in terms of absolute value;
b
de-minimis source streams, where the source streams selected by the operator jointly correspond to less than 1 000 tonnes of fossil CO2 per year or to less than 2 %, up to a total maximum contribution of 20 000 tonnes of fossil CO2 per year, whichever is the highest in terms of absolute value;
c
major source streams, where the source streams do not classify in any category referred to in points (a) and (b).
4
Where the average annual verified emissions of the trading period immediately preceding the current trading period for the installation are not available or inaccurate, the operator shall use a conservative estimate of annual average emissions, with the exclusion of CO2 stemming from biomass and before subtraction of transferred CO2, to determine the category of the installation.

Monitoring boundaries
Article 20
1
An operator shall define the monitoring boundaries for each installation.
Within those boundaries, the operator shall include all relevant greenhouse gas emissions from all emission sources and source streams belonging to activities carried out at the installation and listed in Annex I to Directive 2003/87/EC, as well as from activities and greenhouse gases included by a Member State pursuant to Article 24 of Directive 2003/87/EC.
The operator shall also include emissions from regular operations and abnormal events including start-up and shut-down and emergency situations over the reporting period, with the exception of emissions from mobile machinery for transportation purposes.
2
When defining the monitoring and reporting process, the operator shall include the sector specific requirements laid down in Annex IV.
3
Where leakages from a storage complex pursuant to Directive 2009/31/EC are identified and lead to emissions, or release of CO2 to the water column, they shall be considered as emission sources for the respective installation and shall be monitored in accordance with section 23 of Annex IV to this Regulation.
The competent authority may allow the exclusion of a leakage emission source from the monitoring and reporting process, once corrective measures pursuant to Article 16 of Directive 2009/31/EC have been taken and emissions or release into the water column from that leakage can no longer be detected.

Choice of the monitoring methodology
Article 21
1
For the monitoring of the emissions of an installation, the operator shall choose to apply either a calculation-based methodology or a measurement-based methodology, subject to specific provisions of this Regulation.
A calculation-based methodology shall consist in determining emissions from source streams based on activity data obtained by means of measurement systems and additional parameters from laboratory analyses or default values. The calculation-based methodology may be implemented through the standard methodology set out in Article 24 or the mass balance methodology set out in Article 25.
A measurement-based methodology shall consist in determining emissions from emission sources by means of continuous measurement of the concentration of the relevant greenhouse gas in the flue gas and of the flue gas flow, including the monitoring of CO2 transfers between installations where the CO2 concentration and the flow of the transferred gas are measured.
Where the calculation-based methodology is applied, the operator shall for each source stream define, in the monitoring plan, whether the standard methodology or the mass balance methodology is used, including the relevant tiers in accordance with Annex II.
2
An operator may combine, subject to approval by the competent authority, standard methodology, mass balance and measurement-based methodologies for different emission sources and source streams belonging to one installation, provided that neither gaps nor double counting concerning emissions occur.
3
Where the operator does not choose a measurement-based methodology, the operator shall choose the methodology required by the relevant section of Annex IV, unless he provides evidence to the competent authorities that the use of such methodology is technically not feasible or incurs unreasonable costs, or that another methodology leads to a higher overall accuracy of emissions data.

Monitoring methodology not based on tiers
Article 22
By way of derogation from Article 21(1), the operator may use a monitoring methodology that is not based on tiers (hereinafter ‘the fall-back methodology’) for selected source streams or emission sources, provided that all of the following conditions are met:
1. applying at least tier 1 under the calculation-based methodology for one or more major source streams or minor source streams and a measurement-based methodology for at least one emission source related to the same source streams is technically not feasible or would incur unreasonable costs;
2. the operator assesses and quantifies each year the uncertainties of all parameters used for the determination of the annual emissions in accordance with the ISO Guide to the Expression of Uncertainty in Measurement (JCGM 100:2008), or another equivalent internationally accepted standard, and includes the results in the annual emissions report;
3. the operator demonstrates to the satisfaction of the competent authority that by applying such a fall-back monitoring methodology, the overall uncertainty thresholds for the annual level of greenhouse gas emissions for the whole installation do not exceed 7,5 % for category A installations, 5,0 % for category B installations and 2,5 % for category C installations.

Temporary changes to the monitoring methodology
Article 23
1
Where it is for technical reasons temporarily not feasible to apply the tier in the monitoring plan for the activity data or each calculation factor of a fuel or material stream as approved by the competent authority, the operator concerned shall apply the highest achievable tier until the conditions for application of the tier approved in the monitoring plan have been restored.
The operator shall take all necessary measures to allow the prompt restoration of the tier in the monitoring plan as approved by the competent authority.
2
The operator concerned shall notify the temporary change referred to in paragraph 1 to the monitoring methodology without undue delay to the competent authority, specifying:
a
the reasons for the deviation from the tier;
b
in detail the interim monitoring methodology that the operator uses to determine the emissions until the conditions for the application of the tier in the monitoring plan have been restored;
c
the measures the operator is taking to restore the conditions for the application of the tier in the monitoring plan approved by the competent authority;
d
the anticipated point in time when application of the tier as approved by the competent authority will be resumed.