Commission Regulation (EU) No 582/2011Show full title

2. TEST PROCEDURE U.K.

2.1. General requirements U.K.

The tests shall be carried out with a PEMS comprised of:

2.1.1.

Gas analysers to measure the concentrations of regulated gaseous pollutants in the exhaust gas.

2.1.2.

An exhaust mass flow meter based on the averaging Pitot or equivalent principle.

2.1.3.

A Global Positioning System (hereinafter ‘GPS’).

2.1.4.

Sensors to measure the ambient temperature and pressure.

2.1.5.

A connection with the vehicle ECU).

2.2. Test parameters U.K.

The parameters summarised in Table 1 shall be measured and recorded:

Table 1

Test parameters

a Measured or corrected to a wet basis.
b Gas engines only.
c Use the ambient temperature sensor or an intake air temperature sensor.
d [F1 The recorded value shall be either (a) the net brake engine torque in accordance with point 2.4.4 of this Appendix or (b) the net brake engine torque calculated from the torque values in accordance with point 2.4.4 of this Appendix.]
Parameter	Unit	Source
THC concentrationa	ppm	Analyser
CO concentrationa	ppm	Analyser
NOx concentrationa	ppm	Analyser
CO2 concentrationa	ppm	Analyser
CH4 concentrationa b	ppm	Analyser
Exhaust gas flow	kg/h	Exhaust Flow Meter (hereinafter ‘EFM’)
Exhaust temperature	°K	EFM
Ambient temperaturec	°K	Sensor
Ambient pressure	kPa	Sensor
Engine torqued	Nm	ECU or Sensor
Engine speed	rpm	ECU or Sensor
Engine fuel flow	g/s	ECU or Sensor
Engine coolant temperature	°K	ECU or Sensor
Engine intake air temperaturec	°K	Sensor
Vehicle ground speed	km/h	ECU and GPS
Vehicle latitude	degree	GPS
Vehicle longitude	degree	GPS

Textual Amendments

F1 Substituted by Commission Regulation (EU) No 133/2014 of 31 January 2014 amending, for the purposes of adapting to technical progress as regards emission limits, Directive 2007/46/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council, Regulation (EC) No 595/2009 of the European Parliament and of the Council and Commission Regulation (EU) No 582/2011 (Text with EEA relevance).

2.3. Preparation of the vehicle U.K.

The preparation of the vehicle shall include the following:

(a)

the check of the OBD system: any identified problems once solved shall be recorded and presented to the approval authority;

(b)

the replacement of oil, fuel and reagent, if any.

2.4. Installation of the measuring equipment U.K.

2.4.1. Main Unit U.K.

Whenever possible, PEMS shall be installed in a location where it will be subject to minimal impact from the following:

(a)

ambient temperature changes;

(b)

ambient pressure changes;

(c)

electromagnetic radiation;

(d)

mechanical shock and vibration;

(e)

ambient hydrocarbons — if using a FID analyser that uses ambient air as FID burner air.

The installation shall follow the instructions issued by the PEMS manufacturer.

2.4.2. Exhaust flow meter U.K.

The exhaust flow meter shall be attached to the vehicle’s tailpipe. The EFM sensors shall be placed between two pieces of straight tube whose length should be at least 2 times the EFM diameter (upstream and downstream). It is recommended to place the EFM after the vehicle silencer, to limit the effect of exhaust gas pulsations upon the measurement signals.

2.4.3. Global Positioning System U.K.

The antenna shall be mounted at the highest possible location, without risking interference with any obstructions encountered during on-road operation.

[F1 2.4.4. Connection with the vehicle ECU U.K.

A data logger shall be used to record the engine parameters listed in Table 1. This data logger can make use of the Control Area Network (CAN) bus of the vehicle to access the ECU data specified in Table 1 of Appendix 5 of Annex 9B to UNECE Regulation No 49 and broadcasted on the CAN according to standard protocols, such as SAE J1939, J1708 or ISO 15765-4. It may calculate the net brake engine torque or perform unit conversions.]

2.4.5. Sampling of gaseous emissions U.K.

The sample line shall be heated according to the specifications of point 2.3 of Appendix 2 and properly insulated at the connection points (sample probe and back of the main unit), to avoid the presence of cold spots that could lead to a contamination of the sampling system by condensed hydrocarbons.

[F1 The sample probe shall be installed in the exhaust pipe in accordance with the requirements set out in paragraph 9.3.10 of Annex 4 to UNECE Regulation No 49.]

If the length of the sample line is changed, the system transport times shall be verified and if necessary corrected.

2.5. Pre-test procedures U.K.

2.5.1. Starting and stabilising the PEMS instruments U.K.

The main units shall be warmed up and stabilised according to the instrument manufacturer specifications until pressures, temperatures and flows have reached their operating set points.

2.5.2. Cleaning the sampling system U.K.

To prevent system contamination, the sampling lines of the PEMS instruments shall be purged until sampling begins, according to the instrument manufacturer specifications.

[F1 2.5.3. Checking and calibrating the analysers U.K.

The zero and span calibration and the linearity checks of the analysers shall be performed using calibration gases meeting the requirements set out in paragraph 9.3.3 of Annex 4 to UNECE Regulation No 49. A linearity check shall have been performed within three months before the actual test.]

2.5.4. Cleaning the EFM U.K.

The EFM shall be purged at the pressure transducer connections in accordance with the instrument manufacturer specifications. This procedure shall remove condensation and diesel particulate matter from the pressure lines and the associated flow tube pressure measurement ports.

2.6. Emissions test run U.K.

2.6.1. Test start U.K.

Emissions sampling, measurement of the exhaust parameters and recording of the engine and ambient data shall start prior to starting the engine. The data evaluation shall start after the coolant temperature has reached 343K (70 °C) for the first time or after the coolant temperature is stabilised within +/– 2K over a period of 5 minutes whichever comes first but no later than 20 minutes after engine start.

2.6.2. Test run U.K.

Emission sampling, measurement of the exhaust parameters and recording of the engine and ambient data shall continue throughout the normal in-use operation of the engine. The engine may be stopped and started, but emissions sampling shall continue throughout the entire test.

Periodic checks of the PEMS gas analysers shall be conducted at least every 2 hours. The data recorded during the checks shall be flagged and shall not be used for the emission calculations.

2.6.3. End of test sequence U.K.

At the end of the test, sufficient time shall be given to the sampling systems to allow their response times to elapse. The engine may be shut down before or after sampling is stopped.

2.7. Verification of the measurements U.K.

[F1 2.7.1. Checking of the analysers U.K.

The zero, span and linearity checks of the analysers as described in point 2.5.3. shall be performed using calibration gases meeting the requirements set out in paragraph 9.3.3 of Annex 4 to UNECE Regulation No 49.]

2.7.2. Zero drift U.K.

Zero response is defined as the mean response, including noise, to a zero gas during a time interval of at least 30 seconds. The drift of the zero response shall be less than 2 % of full scale on the lowest range used.

2.7.3. Span drift U.K.

Span response is defined as the mean response, including noise, to a span gas during a time interval of at least 30 seconds. The drift of the span response shall be less than 2 % of full scale on the lowest range used.

2.7.4. Drift verification U.K.

This shall apply only if, during the test, no zero drift correction was made.

As soon as practical but no later than 30 minutes after the test is complete the gaseous analyser ranges used shall be zeroed and spanned to check their drift compared to the pre-test results.

The following provisions shall apply for analyser drift:

(a)

if the difference between the pre-test and post-test results is less than 2 % as specified in points 2.7.2 and 2.7.3, the measured concentrations may be used uncorrected or may be corrected for drift according to point 2.7.5;

(b)

if the difference between the pre-test and post-test results is equal to or greater than 2 % as specified in points 2.7.2 and 2.7.3, the test shall be voided or the measured concentrations shall be corrected for drift according to point 2.7.5.

2.7.5. Drift correction U.K.

[F1 If drift correction is applied in accordance with point 2.7.4, the corrected concentration value shall be calculated in accordance with paragraph 8.6.1 of Annex 4 to UNECE Regulation No 49.]

The difference between the uncorrected and the corrected brake-specific emission values shall be within ± 6 % of the uncorrected brake-specific emission values. If the drift is greater than 6 %, the test shall be voided. If drift correction is applied, only the drift-corrected emission results shall be used when reporting emissions.