Member States shall adopt and publish the laws, regulations and administrative provisions necessary to comply with this Directive within 12 months of its publication in the Official Journal.

They shall apply those provisions within 12 months of the publication of this Directive in the Official Journal.

When Member States adopt those provisions, they shall contain a reference to this Directive or be accompanied by such a reference on the occasion of their official publication. Member States shall determine how such reference is to be made.

Member States shall communicate to the Commission the text of the main provisions of national law which they adopt in the field covered by this Directive.