THE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES,
Having regard to the Treaty establishing the European Economic Community,
Having regard to Council Directive 70/157/EEC of 6 February 1970 on the approximation of the laws of the Member States relating to the permissible sound level and the exhaust system of motor vehicles(1), as last amended by Directive 87/354/EEC(2), and in particular Article 3 thereof,
Having regard to Council Directive 70/220/EEC of 20 March 1970 on the approximation of the laws of the Member States relating to measures to be taken against air pollution by emissions from motor vehicles(3), as last amended by Directive 88/436/EEC(4), and in particular Article 5 thereof,
Having regard to Council Directive 72/245/EEC of 20 June 1972 on the approximation of the laws of the Member States relating to the suppression of radio interference produced by spark-ignition engines fitted to motor vehicles(5), and in particular Article 4 thereof,
Having regard to Council Directive 72/306/EEC of 2 August 1972 on the approximation of the laws of the Member States relating to the measures to be taken against the emission of pollutants from diesel engines for use in vehicles(6), and in particular Article 4 thereof,
Having regard to Council Directive 80/1268/EEC of 16 December 1980 on the approximation of the laws of the Member States relating to the fuel consumption of motor vehicles(7), and in particular Article 3 thereof,
Having regard to Council Directive 80/1269/EEC of 16 December 1980 on the approximation of the laws of the Member States relating to the engine power of motor vehicles(8), as last amended by Directive 88/195/EEC(9), and in particular Article 3 thereof,
Whereas Council Directive 88/76/EEC(10) amending Directive 70/220/EEC introduces requirements relating to the use of unleaded petrol; whereas the adaptation of existing engines to this petrol necessitates in many cases technical modifications which are relevant to the compliance with the abovementioned Directives; whereas it appears appropriate to facilitate the administrative handling of the resulting amendments of the type-approval of the vehicles concerned in the interests of rapidly increasing use of unleaded petrol; whereas it appears also necessary to render more precise the specifications of Directive 88/76/EEC preventing vehicles equipped with emission control devices which would be adversely affected by leaded petrol, to be refuelled with such petrol; whereas it appears equally appropriate to introduce the new reference fuel for diesel engines specified in this Directive into Directive 72/306/EEC relating to the smoke emissions of such engines; whereas it appears advisable to align on this occasion the technical provisions of Directive 80/1269/EEC relating to engine power to those of the corresponding Regulation of the Economic Commission for Europe;
Whereas it is desirable to introduce the amendments contained in the present Directive as soon as possible into the national laws concerned as they are particularly needed during the transitional period where vehicles conceived for the use of leaded petrol and vehicles requiring unleaded petrol will co-exist;
Whereas the provisions of this Directive are in accordance with the opinion of the Committee for the Adaptation to Technical Progress of the Directives on Motor Vehicles,
HAS ADOPTED THIS DIRECTIVE:
The undermentioned Directives are hereby amended in accordance with the Annexes to this Directive:
Directive 70/157/EEC is amended in accordance with Annex I,
Directive 70/220/EEC is amended in accordance with Annex II,
Directive 72/245/EEC is amended in accordance with Annex III,
Directive 72/306/EEC is amended in accordance with Annex IV,
Directive 80/1268/EEC is amended in accordance with Annex V,
Directive 80/1269/EEC is amended in accordance with Annex VI.
Member States shall bring into force the laws, regulations and administrative provisions necessary to comply with this Directive not later than 1 January 1990. They shall forthwith inform the Commission thereof.
This Directive is addressed to the Member States.
6 is added as follows:
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Textual Amendments
F1 Deleted by Regulation (EC) No 715/2007 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 20 June 2007 on type approval of motor vehicles with respect to emissions from light passenger and commercial vehicles (Euro 5 and Euro 6) and on access to vehicle repair and maintenance information (Text with EEA relevance).
8 is added as follows:
Annex V is replaced by the following:
CEC reference fuel RF-03-A-84a c g
| a Equivalent ISO methods will be adopted when issued all properties listed above. | ||
| b The figures quoted show the evaporated quantities (percentage recovered + percentage loss). | ||
| c The values quoted in the specification are “true values”. In establishment of their limit values the terms of ASTM D 3244 “Defining a basis for petroleum product quality disputes” have been applied and in fixing a maximum value, a minimum difference of 2R above zero has been taken into account; in fixing a maximum and minimum value, the minimum difference is 4R (R = reproducibility). Notwithstanding this measure, which is necessary for statistical reasons, the manufacturer of fuel should nevertheless aim at a zero value where the stipulated maximum value is 2R and at the mean value in the case of quotations of maximum and minimum limits. Should it be necessary to clarify the question as to whether a fuel meets the requirements of the specification, the terms of ASTM D 3244 be applied. | ||
| d The range for cetane is note in accordance with the requirement of a minimum range of 4R. However, in cases of dispute between fuel supplier and fuel user, the terms of ASTM D 3244 can be used to resolve such disputes provided replicate measurements, of sufficient number to achieve the necessary precision, are made in preference to single determinations. | ||
| e This fuel should be based on straight run and cracked hydrocarbon distillate components only; desulphurization is allowed. It must not contain any metallic additives or cetane improver additives. | ||
| f Even though oxidation stability is controlled, it is likely that shell life will be limited. Advice should be sought from the supplier as to storage conditions and life. | ||
| g If it is required to calculate thermal efficiency of an engine or vehicle, the calorific value of the fuel can be calculated from: Specific energy (calorific value) (net) MJ/kg = (46,423 – 8,792d2 + 3,170d) (1 – (x+y+s)) + 9,420s – 2,499x where: d = the density at 15 °C, x = the proportion by mass of water (%/100), y = the proportion by mass of ash (%/100), s = the proportion by mass of sulphur (%/100).’ | ||
| Limits and units | ASTM method | |
|---|---|---|
| Cetan numberd | min 49 | D 613 |
| max 53 | ||
| Density 15 °C (Kg/l) | min 0,835 | D 1298 |
| max 0,845 | ||
| Destillationb 50 % | min 245 °C | D 86 |
| 90 % | min 320 °C | |
| max 340 °C | ||
| FBP | max 370 °C | |
| Flash point | min 55 °C | D 93 |
| CFPP | min – | EN 116 (CEN) |
| max – 5 °C | ||
| Viscosity 40 °C | min 2,5 mm2/S | D 445 |
| max 3,5 mm2/S | ||
| Sulphur content | min (to be reported) | D 1266/D 2622 D 2785 |
| max 0,3 % mass | ||
| Copper corrosion | max 1 | D 130 |
| Conradson carbon residue (10 % DR) | max 0,2 % mass | D 189 |
| Ash content | max 0,01 % mass | D 482 |
| Water content | max 0,05 % mass | D 95/D 1744 |
| Neutralization (strong acid) number | max 0,2 mg KPH/g | |
| Oxidation stabilityf | max 2,5 mg/100 m | D 2274 |
| Additivese | ||
| Carbon-hydrogen ratio | (to be reported) | |
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Any other modification of the engine with regard to the characteristics listed in Appendix 1 or Apendix 2 to this Annex shall be reported to the competent authority. That authority may then either: