Council Decision 2011/235/CFSP
of 12 April 2011
concerning restrictive measures directed against certain persons and entities in view of the situation in Iran

THE COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN UNION,
Having regard to the Treaty on European Union, and in particular Article 29 thereof,
Whereas:
(1) On 21 March 2011, the Council reiterated its deep concern about the deterioration of the human rights situation in Iran.
(2) The Council underlined in particular the dramatic increase in executions in recent months and the systematic repression of Iranian citizens, who face harassment and arrests for exercising their legitimate rights to freedom of expression and peaceful assembly. The Union also reiterated its strong condemnation of the use of torture and other cruel, inhuman and degrading treatment.
(3) In this context, the Council reaffirmed its determination to continue to address human rights abuses in Iran and declared its readiness to introduce restrictive measures targeted against those responsible for grave human rights violations in Iran.
(4) The restrictive measures should target persons complicit in or responsible for directing or implementing grave human rights violations in the repression of peaceful demonstrators, journalists, human rights defenders, students or other persons who speak up in defence of their legitimate rights, including freedom of expression, as well as persons complicit in or responsible for directing or implementing; grave violations of the right to due process, torture, cruel, inhuman and degrading treatment, or the indiscriminate, excessive and increasing application of the death penalty, including public executions, stoning, hangings or the execution of juvenile offenders in contravention of Iran’s international human rights obligations.
(5) Further action by the Union is needed in order to implement certain measures,
HAS ADOPTED THIS DECISION:

Article 1 1. Member States shall take the necessary measures to prevent the entry into, or transit through, their territories of the persons responsible for serious human rights violations in Iran, and persons associated with them, as listed in the Annex.
2. Paragraph 1 shall not oblige a Member State to refuse its own nationals entry into its territory.
3. Paragraph 1 shall be without prejudice to the cases where a Member State is bound by an obligation of international law, namely:
(a) as a host country to an international intergovernmental organisation;
(b) as a host country to an international conference convened by, or under the auspices of, the United Nations;
(c) under a multilateral agreement conferring privileges and immunities; or
(d) under the 1929 Treaty of Conciliation (Lateran pact) concluded by the Holy See (State of the Vatican City) and Italy.
4. Paragraph 3 shall be considered as also applying in cases where a Member State is host country to the Organisation for Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE).
5. The Council shall be duly informed in all cases where a Member State grants an exemption pursuant to paragraph 3 or 4.
6. Member States may grant exemptions from the measures imposed under paragraph 1 where travel is justified on the grounds of urgent humanitarian need, or on grounds of attending intergovernmental meetings, including those promoted by the Union, or hosted by a Member State holding the Chairmanship in office of the OSCE, where a political dialogue is conducted that directly promotes democracy, human rights and the rule of law in Iran.
7. A Member State wishing to grant exemptions as referred to in paragraph 6 shall notify the Council in writing. The exemption shall be deemed to be granted unless one or more of the Council Members raises an objection in writing within 2 working days of receiving notification of the proposed exemption. Should one or more of the Council Members raise an objection, the Council, acting by a qualified majority, may nevertheless decide to grant the proposed exemption.
8. In cases where pursuant to paragraphs 3, 4, 6 or 7, a Member State authorises the entry into, or transit through, its territory of persons listed in the Annex, the authorisation shall be limited to the purpose for which it is given and to the persons concerned thereby.
Article 2 1. All funds and economic resources belonging to, owned, held or controlled by persons responsible for serious human rights violations in Iran, and all funds and economic resources belonging to, owned, held or controlled by persons and entities associated with them, as listed in the Annex, shall be frozen.
2. No funds or economic resources shall be made available, directly or indirectly, to or for the benefit of the persons and entities listed in the Annex.
3. The competent authority of a Member State may authorise the release of certain frozen funds or economic resources, or the making available of certain funds or economic resources, under such conditions as it deems appropriate, after having determined that the funds or economic resources concerned are:
(a) necessary to satisfy the basic needs of the persons listed in the Annex and their dependent family members, including payments for foodstuffs, rent or mortgage, medicines and medical treatment, taxes, insurance premiums, and public utility charges;
(b) intended exclusively for the payment of reasonable professional fees and the reimbursement of incurred expenses associated with the provision of legal services;
(c) intended exclusively for the payment of fees or service charges for the routine holding or maintenance of frozen funds or economic resources; or
(d) necessary for extraordinary expenses, provided that the competent authority has notified the competent authorities of the other Member States and the Commission of the grounds on which it considers that a specific authorisation should be granted, at least 2 weeks prior to the authorisation.
The Member State concerned shall inform the other Member States and the Commission of any authorisation granted under this paragraph.
4. By way of derogation from paragraph 1, the competent authorities of a Member State may authorise the release of certain frozen funds or economic resources, provided that the following conditions are met:
(a) the funds or economic resources are the subject of a judicial, administrative or arbitral lien established prior to the date on which the person or entity referred to in paragraph 1 was listed in the Annex, or of a judicial, administrative or arbitral judgment rendered prior to that date;
(b) the funds or economic resources will be used exclusively to satisfy claims secured by such a lien or recognised as valid in such a judgment, within the limits set by applicable laws and regulations governing the rights of persons having such claims;
(c) the lien or judgment is not for the benefit of a person or entity listed in the Annex; and
(d) recognising the lien or judgement is not contrary to public policy in the Member State concerned.
The Member State concerned shall inform the other Member States and the Commission of any authorisation granted under this paragraph.
5. Paragraph 1 shall not prevent a listed person or an entity from making a payment due under a contract entered into prior to the date on which such person or entity was listed in the Annex, provided that the Member State concerned has determined that the payment is not directly or indirectly received by a person or entity referred to in paragraph 1.
6. Paragraph 2 shall not apply to the addition to frozen accounts of:
(a) interest or other earnings on those accounts; or
(b) payments due under contracts, agreements or obligations that were concluded or arose prior to the date on which those accounts became subject to the measures provided for in paragraphs 1 and 2;
provided that any such interest, other earnings and payments remain subject to the measures provided for in paragraph 1.
Article 2a The sale, supply, transfer or export of equipment or software intended primarily for use in the monitoring or interception by the Iranian regime, or on its behalf, of the Internet and of telephone communications on mobile or fixed networks in Iran and the provision of assistance to install, operate or update such equipment or software shall be prohibited.
The Union shall take the necessary measures in order to determine the relevant elements to be covered by this Article.
Inserted by Council Decision 2012/168/CFSP of 23 March 2012 amending Decision 2011/235/CFSP concerning restrictive measures directed against certain persons and entities in view of the situation in Iran.
Article 2b 1. The sale, supply, transfer or export of equipment which might be used for internal repression to Iran by nationals of Member States or from the territories of Member States or using their flag vessels or aircraft, shall be prohibited, whether or not originating in their territories.
2. It shall also be prohibited to:
(a) provide, directly or indirectly, technical assistance, brokering services or other services related to the items referred to in paragraph 1 or related to the provision, manufacture, maintenance and use of such items, to any natural or legal person, entity or body in, or for the use in, Iran.
(b) provide, directly or indirectly, financing or financial assistance, related to the items referred to in paragraph 1, including in particular grants, loans and export credit insurance, for any sale, supply, transfer or export of such items, or for the provision of related technical assistance, brokering services or other services to any natural or legal person, entity or body in, or for use in, Iran.
3. Paragraphs 1 and 2 shall not apply to the sale, supply, transfer or export of equipment which is intended solely for the protective use of the personnel of the Union and its Member States in Iran, or to the provision of technical assistance, brokering services and other services or of financing and financial assistance related to such equipment, as approved in advance by the relevant competent authority.
Inserted by Council Decision 2012/810/CFSP of 20 December 2012 amending Decision 2011/235/CFSP concerning restrictive measures directed against certain persons and entities in view of the situation in Iran.
Article 3 1. The Council, acting upon a proposal by a Member State or the High Representative of the Union for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy, shall establish and amend the list in the Annex.
2. The Council shall communicate its decision, including the grounds for listing, to the person or the entity concerned, either directly, if the address is known, or through the publication of a notice, providing such person or entity with an opportunity to present observations.
3. Where observations are submitted, or where substantial new evidence is presented, the Council shall review its decision and inform the person or entity concerned accordingly.
Article 4 1. The Annex shall include the grounds for listing the persons and entities concerned.
2. The Annex shall also contain, where available, the information necessary to identify the persons or entities concerned. With regard to persons, such information may include names, including aliases, date and place of birth, nationality, passport and identity card numbers, gender, address if known, and function or profession. With regard to entities, such information may include names, place and date of registration, registration number and place of business.
Article 4a It shall be prohibited to participate, knowingly and intentionally, in activities the object or effect of which is to circumvent the measures referred to in Articles 2a and 2b.
Article 5 In order to maximise the impact of the measures provided for in this Decision, the Union shall encourage third States to adopt similar restrictive measures.
Article 6 1. This Decision shall enter into force on the day of its adoption.
2. This Decision shall apply until 13 April 2021 . It shall be kept under constant review. It shall be renewed, or amended as appropriate, if the Council deems that its objectives have not been met.
Substituted by Council Decision (CFSP) 2020/512 of 7 April 2020 amending Decision 2011/235/CFSP concerning restrictive measures directed against certain persons and entities in view of the situation in Iran.
Substituted by Council Decision 2012/168/CFSP of 23 March 2012 amending Decision 2011/235/CFSP concerning restrictive measures directed against certain persons and entities in view of the situation in Iran.

ANNEX List of persons and entities referred to in Articles 1 and 2

Persons
	Name	Identifying information	Reasons	Date of listing
1.	AHMADI-MOQADDAM Esmail	POB: Tehran (Iran) DOB: 1961 Gender: male	Former Senior Advisor for Security Affairs to the Chief of the Armed Forces General Staff. Chief of Iran's National Police from 2005 until early 2015. Also Head of the Iranian Cyber Police (listed) from January 2011 until early 2015. Forces under his command led brutal attacks on peaceful protests, and a violent night time attack on the dormitories of Tehran University on 15 June 2009. Currently head of Iran's Headquarters in support of the Yemeni People.	12.4.2011
2.	ALLAHKARAM Hossein	POB: Najafabad (Iran) DOB: 1945 Gender: male	Head of Ansar-e Hezbollah Coordination Council and former general in the IRGC. He co-founded Ansar-e Hezbollah. This paramilitary force was responsible for extreme violence during crackdown against students and universities in 1999, 2002 and 2009. He maintains his senior role in an organisation which is ready to commit human rights violations against the public, including promoting aggression against women for their choice of clothing.	12.4.2011
3.	ARAGHI (ERAGHI) Abdollah	Gender: male Title: Brigadier-General	Brigadier-General in the IRGC. Head of the Security Department of the General Staff of the Armed Forces. Former Deputy Head of IRGC's Ground Forces. He had a direct and personal responsibility in the crackdown of protests all through the summer of 2009.	12.4.2011
4.	FAZLI Ali	Gender: male Title: Brigadier-General	Chief of the Imam Hossein Cadet College (since 2018). Former deputy Commander of the Basij (2009-2018), Head of the IRGC's Seyyed al-Shohada Corps, Tehran Province (until February 2010). The Seyyed al-Shohada Corps is in charge of security in Tehran province and played a key role in brutal repression of protesters in 2009.	12.4.2011
6.	JAFARI Mohammad-Ali (a.k.a. ‘Aziz Jafari’)	POB: Yazd (Iran) DOB: 1.9.1957 Gender: male	Director of the Hazrat-e Baqiatollah Social and Cultural Base. Former Commander of the IRGC (September 2007 - April 2019). IRGC and the Sarollah Base commanded by General Mohammad-Ali (Aziz) Jafari have played a key role in illegally interfering with the 2009 Presidential Elections, arresting and detaining political activists, as well as clashing with protestors in the streets.	12.4.2011
7.	KHALILI Ali	Gender: male	IRGC General, in a senior role within the Sarollah Base. He signed a letter sent to the Ministry of Health June 26, 2009 forbidding the submission of documents or medical records to anyone injured or hospitalized during post-elections events.	12.4.2011
8.	MOTLAGH Bahram Hosseini	Gender: male	Former head of the Army Command and General Staff College (DAFOOS). Former Head of the IRGC's Seyyed al‐Shohada Corps, Tehran Province. The Seyyed al-Shohada Corps played a key role in organising the repression of protests in 2009.	12.4.2011
9.	NAQDI Mohammad-Reza	POB: Najaf (Iraq) DOB: Circa 1952 Gender: male Title: Brigadier-General	Deputy Coordinator of the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps (IRGC). Former Deputy Chief of the IRGC for cultural and social affairs. Former Commander of the Basij (2009‐2016). As commander of the IRGC's Basij Forces, Naqdi was responsible for or complicit in Basij abuses occurring in late 2009, including the violent response to the December 2009 Ashura Day protests, which resulted in up to 15 deaths and the arrests of hundreds of protesters. Prior to his appointment as commander of the Basij in October 2009, Naqdi was the head of the intelligence unit of the Basij responsible for interrogating those arrested during the post‐election crackdown.	12.4.2011
10.	RADAN Ahmad-Reza	POB: Isfahan (Iran) DOB: 1963 Gender: male	Head of the Centre for Strategic Studies of the Iranian Law Enforcement Force, a body linked to the National Police. Deputy Chief of Iran's National Police until June 2014. As Deputy Chief of National Police from 2008, Radan was responsible for beatings, murder, and arbitrary arrests and detentions against protestors that were committed by the police forces. Currently IRGC commander in charge of training Iraqi ‘anti-terrorist’ forces.	12.4.2011
11.	RAJABZADEH Azizollah	Gender: male	Advisor to the mayor of Tehran. Former Head of Tehran Disaster Mitigation Organisation (2010-2013). As Head of Tehran Police until January 2010 he was responsible for violent police attacks on protesters and students. As Commander of the Law Enforcement Forces in the Greater Tehran, Azizollah Rajabzadeh was the highest ranking accused in the case of abuses in Kahrizak Detention Centre in December 2009.	12.4.2011
12.	SAJEDI-NIA Hossein	Gender: male	Police Operations Deputy Commander. Former head of Tehran Police, former Deputy Chief of Iran's National Police responsible for Police Operations. He is in charge of coordinating, for the Ministry of Interior, repression operations in the Iranian capital.	12.4.2011
13.	TAEB Hossein	POB: Tehran (Iran) DOB: 1963 Gender: male	Head of the IRGC intelligence organisation since October 2009. His responsibilities were expanded in May 2019 with the merging the Office of the Deputy of Strategic Intelligence of the IRGC and the IRGC's Intelligence Organization. Commander of the Basij until October 2009. Forces under his command participated in mass beatings, murders, detentions and tortures of peaceful protestors.	12.4.2011
14.	SHARIATI Seyeed Hassan	Gender: male	Advisor and Member of the 28th Section of the Supreme Court. Head of Mashhad Judiciary until September 2014. Trials under his supervision have been conducted summarily and inside closed sessions, without adherence to basic rights of the accused, and with reliance on confessions extracted under pressure and torture. As execution rulings were issued en masse, death sentences were issued without proper observance of fair hearing procedures.	12.4.2011
15.	DORRI-NADJA-FABADI Ghorban-Ali	POB: Najafabad (Iran) DOB: 1945 Gender: male	Member of the Assembly of Experts and representative of the Supreme Leader in Markazi (‘Central’) Province and Head of the Supreme Administrative Court. Prosecutor General of Iran until September 2009, as well as former Intelligence minister under Khatami presidency. As Prosecutor General of Iran, he ordered and supervised the show trials following the first post-election protests, where the accused were denied their rights, and an attorney.	12.4.2011
16.	HADDAD Hassan (alias Hassan ZAREH DEHNAVI)	Gender: male	Former Deputy Safety Officer of Teheran Revolutionary Court. Former Judge, Tehran Revolutionary Court, branch 26. He was in charge of the detainee cases related to the post‐election crises and regularly threatened families of detainees in order to silence them. He has been instrumental in issuing detention orders to the Kahrizak Detention Centre in 2009. In November 2014, his role in the deaths of detainees was officially recognised by the Iranian authorities.	12.4.2011
17.	SOLTANI Hodjatoleslam Seyed Mohammad	Gender: male	Head of the Organisation for Islamic Propaganda in the province of Khorasan- Razavi. Judge, Mashhad Revolutionary Court until 2013. Trials under his jurisdiction have been conducted summarily and inside closed session, without adherence to basic rights of the accused. As execution rulings were issued en masse, death sentences were issued without proper observance of fair hearing procedures.	12.4.2011
18.	HEYDARIFAR Ali-Akbar	Gender: male	Former judge, Tehran Revolutionary Court. He participated in protesters trials. He was questioned by the judiciary about Kahrizak abuses. He was instrumental in issuing detention orders to consign detainees to Kahrizak Detention Centre in 2009. In November 2014, his role in the deaths of detainees was officially recognised by the Iranian authorities.	12.4.2011
19.	JAFARI-DOLA-TABADI Abbas	POB: Yazd (Iran) DOB: 1953 Gender: male	Former prosecutor general of Tehran (August 2009 - April 2019). Dolatabadi's office indicted a large number of protesters, including individuals who took part in the December 2009 Ashura Day protests. He ordered the closure of Karroubi's office in September 2009 and the arrest of several reformist politicians, and he banned two reformist political parties in June 2010. His office charged protesters with the charge of Muharebeh, or enmity against God, which carries a death sentence, and denied due process to those facing the death sentence. His office also targeted and arrested reformists, human rights activists, and members of the media, as part of a broad crackdown on the political opposition. In October 2018 he announced to the media that four detained Iranian environmental activists were to be charged with ‘ sowing corruption on earth ’ , a charge which carries the death penalty.	12.4.2011
20.	MOGHISSEH Mohammad (a.k.a. NASSERIAN)	Gender: male	Judge, Head of Tehran Revolutionary Court, branch 28. Also considered responsible for condemnations of members of the Baha'i community. He has dealt with post-election cases. He issued long prison sentences during unfair trials for social, political activists and journalists and several death sentences for protesters and social and political activists.	12.4.2011
21.	MOHSENI-EJEI Gholam‐Hossein	POB: Ejiyeh DOB: circa 1956 Gender: male	Member of the Expediency Council. Prosecutor General of Iran since September 2009 and Deputy Head and spokesman of the Judiciary. Former Intelligence minister during the 2009 elections. While he was Intelligence minister during the 2009 election, intelligence agents under his command were responsible for detention, torture and extraction of false confessions under pressure from hundreds of activists, journalists, dissidents, and reformist politicians. In addition, political figures were coerced into making false confessions under unbearable interrogations, which included torture, abuse, blackmail, and the threatening of family members.	12.4.2011
22.	MORTAZAVI Said	POB: Meybod, Yazd (Iran) DOB: 1967 Gender: male	Prosecutor General of Tehran until August 2009. As Tehran Prosecutor General, he issued a blanket order used for the detention of hundreds of activists, journalists and students. In January 2010 a parliamentary investigation held him directly responsible for the detention of three prisoners who subsequently died in custody. He was suspended from office in August 2010 after an investigation by the Iranian judiciary into his role in the deaths of the three men detained on his orders following the election. In November 2014, his role in the deaths of detainees was officially recognised by the Iranian authorities. He was acquitted by an Iranian Court on 19 August 2015, on charges connected to the torture and deaths of three young men at the Kahrizak detention centre in 2009.	12.4.2011
23.	PIR-ABASSI Abbas	Gender: male	Magistrate of a Criminal chamber. Former Judge, Tehran Revolutionary Court, branch 26. He was in charge of post‐election cases. He issued long prison sentences during unfair trials against human rights activists and issued several death sentences for protesters.	12.4.2011
24.	MORTAZAVI Amir	Gender: male	Deputy head of the Unit for Social Affairs and Crime Prevention at the judiciary in the province of Khorasan‐Razavi. Deputy Prosecutor of Mashhad until at least 2015. Trials under his prosecution have been conducted summarily and inside closed session, without adherence to basic rights of the accused. As execution rulings were issued en masse, death sentences were issued without proper observance of fair hearing procedures.	12.4.2011
25.	SALAVATI Abdolghassem	Gender: male	Judge, Head of Tehran Revolutionary Court, branch 15. Committing Judge in the Tehran Tribunal. In charge of the post-election cases, he was the Judge presiding the ‘ show trials ’ in summer 2009, he condemned to death two monarchists that appeared in the show trials. He has sentenced more than a hundred political prisoners, human rights activists and demonstrators to lengthy prison sentences. In 2018, reports showed that he continued to hand down similar sentences without proper observance of fair hearing procedures.	12.4.2011
26.	SHARIFI Malek Adjar (aka: SHARIFI Malek Ajdar)	Gender: male	Judge at the Supreme Court, head of the 43rd section. Former Head of East Azerbaidjan Judiciary. He was responsible for Sakineh Mohammadi-Ashtiani's trial.	12.4.2011
27.	ZARGAR Ahmad	Gender: male	Judge at the 2nd Branch of the Special Economic Corruption Court. Head of the ‘ Organization for the Preservation of Morality ’ . Former judge, Tehran Appeals Court, branch 36. He confirmed long-term jail warrants and death warrants against protesters.	12.4.2011
28.	YASAGHI Ali-Akbar	Gender: male	Judge of the Supreme Court, head of the 44th section. Deputy Chief Executive Officer of Setad-e Dieh Foundation. Chief Judge, Mashhad Revolutionary Court (2001-2011). Trials under his jurisdiction have been conducted summarily and inside closed session, without adherence to basic rights of the accused. As execution rulings were issued en masse (up to 550 between summer 2009 and summer 2011), death sentences were issued without proper observance of fair hearing procedures.	12.4.2011
29.	BOZORGNIA Mostafa	Gender: male	Head of ward 350 of Evin Prison. He unleashed on a number of occasions disproportionate violence upon prisoners.	12.4.2011
30.	ESMAILI Gholam‐Hossein	Gender: male	Judiciary spokesman since April 2019. Former head of the Tehran judiciary. Former Head of Iran's Prisons Organisation. In this capacity, he was complicit in the massive detention of political protesters and covering up abuses performed in the jailing system.	12.4.2011
31.	SEDAQAT (a.k.a. Sedaghat) Farajollah	Gender: male	Assistant Secretary of the General Prison Administration in Tehran. Head of Evin's prison, Tehran until October 2010 during which time torture took place. He was warden, and threatened and exerted pressure on prisoners numerous times.	12.4.2011
32.	ZANJIREI Mohammad‐Ali	Gender: male	As Senior advisor to Head, and Deputy Head of Iran's Prisons Organisation, responsible for serious human rights violations against prisoners. Administered a system in which prisoners suffered abuse, torture and inhuman/degrading treatment and were accommodated in very poor living conditions.	12.4.2011
33.	ABBASZADEH‐MESHKINI Mahmoud	Gender: male	Advisor to Iran's High Council for Human Rights. Former secretary of the High Council for Human Rights. Former governor of Ilam Province. Former Interior Ministry's political director. As Head of the Article 10 Committee of the Law on Activities of Political Parties and Groups he was in charge of authorising demonstrations and other public events and registering political parties. In 2010, he suspended the activities of two reformist political parties linked to Mousavi – the Islamic Iran Participation Front and the Islamic Revolution Mujahedeen Organisation. From 2009 onwards he has consistently and continuously prohibited all non-governmental gatherings, therefore denying a constitutional right to protest and leading to many arrests of peaceful demonstrators in contravention of the right to freedom of assembly. He also denied in 2009 the opposition a permit for a ceremony to mourn people killed in protests over the Presidential elections.	10.10.2011
34.	AKBARSHAHI Ali-Reza	Gender: male	Former Director-General of Iran's Drug Control Headquarters (aka: Anti-Narcotics Headquarters). Former Commander of Tehran Police. Under his leadership, the police force was responsible for the use of extrajudicial force on suspects during arrest and pre-trial detention. The Tehran police were also implicated in raids on Tehran university dorms in June 2009, when according to an Iranian Majlis commission, more than 100 students were injured by the police and Basiji. Currently head of the railway police.	10.10.2011
35.	AKHARIAN Hassan	Gender: male	Keeper of Ward 1 of Radjaishahr prison, Karadj until July 2010. Several former detainees have denounced the use of torture by him, as well as orders he gave to prevent inmates receiving medical assistance. According to a transcript of one reported detainee in the Radjaishahr prison, wardens all beat him severely, with Akharian's full knowledge. There is also at least one reported case of ill treatment and the death of a detainee, Mohsen Beikvand, under Akharian's wardenship. Beikvand died in September 2010. Other prisoners claim credibly that he was killed on the instructions of Hassan Akharian.	10.10.2011
36.	AVAEE Seyyed Ali-Reza (Aka: AVAEE Seyyed Alireza)	Gender: male	Minister of Justice. Former Director of the special investigations office. Until July 2016 deputy Minister of Interior and head of the Public register. Advisor to the Disciplinary Court for Judges since April 2014. Former President of the Tehran Judiciary. As President of the Tehran Judiciary he has been responsible for human rights violations, arbitrary arrests, denials of prisoners' rights and a high number of executions.	10.10.2011
37.	BANESHI Jaber	Gender: male	Head of Branch 22 of the Appeals Court of Shiraz from November 2011. Prosecutor of Shiraz until October 2011. Prosecutor during the Shiraz bombing case in 2008, which was used by the regime to sentence to death other unconnected persons. He has pursued capital charges and other severe penalties against minorities, such as to constitute, inter alia, a violation of their human rights to fair trial and freedom from arbitrary detention.	10.10.2011
38.	FIRUZABADI Maj-Gen Dr Seyyed Hasan (Aka: FIRUZABADI Maj-Gen Dr Seyed Hassan; FIROUZABADI Maj-Gen Dr Seyyed Hasan; FIROUZABADI Maj-Gen Dr Seyed Hassan)	POB: Mashhad DOB: 3.2.1951 Gender: male	As Chief of Staff of Iran's Armed Forces (1989 to 2016), he was the highest military commander responsible for directing all military divisions and policies, including the Islamic Revolutionary Guards Corps (IRGC) and police. In 2009, forces under his formal chain of command brutally suppressed peaceful protestors and perpetrated mass detentions. Currently military advisor to the Supreme Leader and member of the Supreme National Security Council (SNSC) and the Expediency Council.	10.10.2011
39.	GANJI Mostafa Barzegar	Gender: male	Prosecutor-General of Qom (2008-2017), now head of the directorate general for prisons. He was responsible for the arbitrary detention and maltreatment of dozens of offenders in Qom. He was complicit in a grave violation of the right to due process, contributing to the excessive and increasing use of the death penalty and a sharp increase in executions in 2009/2010.	10.10.2011
40.	HABIBI Mohammad Reza	Gender: male	Attorney General of Isfahan. Former head of the Ministry of Justice office in Yazd. Former Deputy Prosecutor of Isfahan. Complicit in proceedings denying defendants a fair trial – such as Abdollah Fathi, executed in May 2011 after his right to be heard and mental health issues were ignored by Habibi during his trial in March 2010. He was, therefore, complicit in a grave violation of the right to due process, contributing to a sharp increase in executions in 2011.	10.10.2011
41.	HEJAZI Mohammad	POB: Ispahan DOB: 1956 Gender: male	IRGC-General, he has played a key role in intimidating and threatening Iran's ‘enemies’. Former Head of the IRGC's Sarollah Corps in Tehran, and former Head of the Basij Forces, he played a central role in the post-election crackdown of protesters in 2009.	10.10.2011
43.	JAVANI Yadollah	Gender: male	IRGC deputy commander for political affairs. Has made numerous attempts to suppress free speech and free discourse through his public statements supporting the arrest and punishment of protesters and dissenters. One of the first high‐ranking officials to demand in 2009 Moussavi, Karroubi and Khatami's arrest. Has supported the use of techniques that breach rights to a fair trial including public confessions and he has released the contents of interrogations before trial. Evidence also indicates that he has condoned the use of violence against protesters and as an integral member of the IRGC he is highly likely to have been aware of the use of harsh interrogation techniques to force confessions.	10.10.2011
44.	JAZAYERI Massoud	Gender: male Title: Brigadier-General	Within the joint military staff of Iran's Armed Forces, Brigadier-General Massoud Jazayeri was the deputy chief of staff for cultural and media affairs (a.k.a. State Defence Publicity HQ). He actively collaborated in the repression of 2009 protests as deputy chief of staff. He warned in a Kayhan interview that many protesters inside and outside Iran had been identified and would be dealt with at the right time. He has openly called for the suppression of foreign mass media outlets and the Iranian opposition. In 2010, he asked the government to pass tougher laws against Iranians who cooperate with foreign media sources.	10.10.2011
45.	JOKAR Mohammad Saleh	Gender: male	Deputy for Parliamentary Affairs of the Revolutionary Guards. From 2011 until 2016 parliamentary deputy for Yazd Province and Member of the parliamentary Committee for National Security and Foreign Policy. Former Commander of Student Basij Forces. In this role he was actively involved in suppressing protests and indoctrinating children and young people with a view to continuing suppression of free speech and dissent. As member of the Parliamentary Committee for National Security and Foreign Policy he publically supported the suppression of opposition to the government.	10.10.2011
46.	KAMALIAN Behrouz (a.k.a. Hackers Brain, Behrooz_Ice)	POB: Tehran (Iran) DOB: 1983 Gender: male	Head of the ‘Ashiyaneh’ cyber group linked with the Iranian regime. The ‘Ashiyaneh’ Digital Security, founded by Behrouz Kamalian, is responsible for intensive cyber attacks both on domestic opponents and reformists and foreign institutions. Kamalian's Ashiyaneh organisation's work has assisted the regime's crackdown against the opposition which has involved numerous serious human rights violations.	10.10.2011
47.	KHALILOLLAHI Moussa (Aka: KHALILOLLAHI Mousa, ELAHI Mousa Khalil)	Gender: male	Prosecutor of Tabriz. He was involved in Sakineh Mohammadi-Ashtiani's case and is complicit in grave violations of the right to due process.	10.10.2011
48.	MAHSOULI Sadeq (Aka: MAHSULI, Sadeq)	POB: Oroumieh (Iran) DOB: 1959/60 Gender: male	Advisor to Former President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad and current member of the Expediency Council and Deputy Chief of the Perseverance Front. Minister of Welfare and Social Security between 2009 and 2011. Minister of the Interior until August 2009. As Interior Minister, Mahsouli had authority over all police forces, interior ministry security agents, and plainclothes agents. The forces under his direction were responsible for attacks on the dormitories of Tehran University on 14 June 2009 and the torture of students in the basement of the Ministry (the notorious basement level 4). Other protestors were severely abused at the Kahrizak Detention Centre, which was operated by police under Mahsouli's control.	10.10.2011
49.	MALEKI Mojtaba	Gender: male	Deputy head of the Ministry of Justice in the Khorasan Razavi province. Former prosecutor of Kermanshah. Has played a role in the high number of death sentences being passed in Iran, including prosecuting the cases of seven prisoners convicted of drug trafficking who were hanged on the same day on 3 January 2010 in Kermanshah's central prison.	10.10.2011
50.	OMIDI Mehrdad (aka: Reza; OMIDI Reza)	Gender: male	Head of section VI of the police, investigation department. Former Head of the Intelligence Services within the Iranian Police. Former Head of the Computer Crimes Unit of the Iranian Police. He was responsible for thousands of investigations and indictments of reformists and political opponents using the Internet. He was thus responsible for grave human rights violations in the repression of persons who speak out in defence of their legitimate rights, including freedom of expression during and after the 2009 Green Movement.	10.10.2011
51.	SALARKIA Mahmoud	Gender: male Former director of Tehran Football Club ‘ Persepolis ’	Former Head of the Petrol and Transport commission of the City of Tehran. Deputy to the Prosecutor-General of Tehran for Prison Affairs during the crackdown of 2009. As Deputy to the Prosecutor-General of Tehran for Prison Affairs he was directly responsible for many of the arrest warrants against innocent, peaceful protesters and activists. Many reports from human rights defenders show that virtually all those arrested were, on his instruction, held incommunicado without access to their lawyer or families, and without charge, for varying lengths of time, often in conditions amounting to enforced disappearance. Their families have often not been notified of the arrest. He is currently working as a lawyer.	10.10.2011
52.	KHODAEI SOURI Hojatollah	POB: Selseleh (Iran) DOB: 1964 Gender: male	Member of the National Security and Foreign policy Committee. Parliamentary deputy for Lorestan Province. Member of the Parliamentary Commission for Foreign and Security Policy. Head of Evin prison until 2012. Torture was a common practice in Evin prison while Souri was its head. In Ward 209, many activists were held for their peaceful activities in opposition to the ruling government.	10.10.2011
53.	TALA Hossein (Aka: TALA Hosseyn)	Gender: male	Mayor of Eslamshahr. Former Iranian MP. Former Governor‐General (‘Farmandar‘) of Tehran Province until September 2010, he was responsible for the intervention of police forces and therefore for the repression of demonstrations. He received a prize in December 2010 for his role in the post-election repression.	10.10.2011
54.	TAMADDON Morteza (Aka: TAMADON Morteza)	POB: Shahr Kord-Isfahan DOB: 1959 Gender: male	Former Head of Tehran provincial Public Security Council. Former IRGC Governor- General of Tehran Province. In his capacity as governor and head of Tehran provincial Public Security Council, he bore overall responsibility for all repressive activities undertaken by the IRGC in Tehran province, including cracking down on political protests since June 2009. Currently board member at Khajeh Nasireddin Tusi University of Technology.	10.10.2011
55.	ZEBHI Hossein	Gender: male	First Deputy Advisor to the Judiciary and Judge of the Supreme Court. Deputy to the Prosecutor-General of Iran (2007-2015). In this role he was responsible for judicial cases brought after the post-election protests in 2009 which were conducted in contravention of human rights. Also in this role he has condoned excessive punishments for drug offences.	10.10.2011
56.	BAHRAMI Mohammad‐Kazem	Gender: male	Head of the administrative justice court. He was complicit in the repression of peaceful demonstrators in 2009 as head of the judiciary branch of the armed forces.	10.10.2011
57.	HAJMOHAM-MADI Aziz (a.k.a. Aziz Hajmohammadi, Noorollah Azizmohammadi)	POB: Tehran (Iran) DOB: 1948 Gender: male	Judge at the Tehran Provincial Criminal Court. Working for the judiciary since 1971, he was involved in several trials of demonstrators, inter alia, that of Abdol-Reza Ghanbari, a teacher arrested in January 2010 and sentenced to death for his political activities.	10.10.2011
58.	BAGHERI Mohammad‐Bagher	Gender: male	Judge at the Supreme court since December 2015. Former vice-chairman of the judiciary administration of South Khorasan province, in charge of crime prevention. In addition to his acknowledging, in June 2011, 140 executions for capital offences between March 2010 and March 2011, about 100 other executions are reported to have taken place in the same period and in the same province of South Khorasan without either the families or the lawyers being notified. He was, therefore, complicit in a grave violation of the right to due process, contributing to a high number of death sentences.	10.10.2011
59.	BAKHTIARI Seyyed Morteza	POB: Mashhad (Iran) DOB: 1952 Gender: male	President of the Imam Khomeini Relief Foundation (since July 2019). Former deputy custodian of Imam Reza shrine. Former Official of the Special Clerical Tribunal. Former Minister of Justice from 2009 to 2013. During his time as Minister of Justice, prison conditions within Iran fell well below accepted international standards, and there was widespread mistreatment of prisoners. In addition, he played a key role in threatening and harassing the Iranian diaspora by announcing the establishment of a special court to deal specifically with Iranians who live outside the country. He also oversaw a sharp increase in the number of executions in Iran, including secret executions not announced by the government, and executions for drug-related offences.	10.10.2011
60.	HOSSEINI Dr Mohammad (a.k.a. HOSSEYNI, Dr Seyyed Mohammad; Seyed, Sayyed and Sayyid)	POB: Rafsanjan, Kerman DOB: 1961 Gender: male	Advisor to Former President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad and spokesperson for YEKTA, a hardline political faction. Minister of Culture and Islamic Guidance (2009- 2013). Ex‐IRGC, he was complicit in the repression of journalists.	10.10.2011
61.	MOSLEHI Heydar (Aka: MOSLEHI Heidar; MOSLEHI Haidar)	POB: Isfahan (Iran) DOB: 1956 Gender: male	Representative of the Ideological-Political Bureau of the Commander in Chief of Iran's Armed Forces (since 2018). Former advisor of Supreme Jurisprudence in the IRGC. Head of the organisation for publications on the role of the clergy at war. Former Minister of Intelligence (2009-2013). Under his leadership, the Ministry of Intelligence continued the practices of widespread arbitrary detention and persecution of protesters and dissidents. The Ministry of Intelligence runs Ward 209 of Evin Prison, where many activists have been held on account of their peaceful activities in opposition to the government in power. Interrogators from the Ministry of Intelligence have subjected prisoners in Ward 209 to beatings and mental and sexual abuse.	10.10.2011
62.	ZARGHAMI Ezzatollah	POB: Dezful (Iran) DOB: 22 July 1959 Gender: male	Member of the Supreme Cyberspace Council and Cultural Revolution Council. Former Head of Islamic Republic of Iran Broadcasting (IRIB) until November 2014. Under his tenure at IRIB, He was responsible for all programming decisions. IRIB has broadcast forced confessions of detainees and a series of ‘show trials’ in August 2009 and December 2011. These constitute a clear violation of international provisions on fair trial and the right to due process.	23.3.2012
63.	TAGHIPOUR Reza	POB: Maragheh (Iran) DOB: 1957 Gender: male	Member of the Supreme Cyberspace Council. Member of the City Council of Teheran. Former Minister for Information and Communications (2009-2012). As Minister for Information, he was one of the top officials in charge of censorship and control of internet activities and also all types of communications (in particular mobile phones). During interrogations of political detainees, the interrogators make use of the detainees' personal data, mail and communications. On several occasions following the 2009 presidential election and during street demonstrations, mobile lines and text messaging were blocked, satellite TV channels were jammed and the internet locally suspended or at least slowed down.	23.3.2012
64.	KAZEMI Toraj	Gender: male	Chief of the Greater Tehran division of the EU-designated Cyber Police. In this capacity, he announced a campaign for the recruitment of government hackers in order to achieve better control of information on the internet and attack ‘dangerous’ sites.	23.3.2012
65.	LARIJANI Sadeq	POB: Najaf (Iraq) DOB: 1960 or August 1961 Gender: male	Named Head of the Expediency Council on 29 December 2018. Head of the Judiciary from 2009. The Head of the Judiciary is required to consent to and sign off every qisas (retribution), hodoud (crimes against God) and ta'zirat (crimes against the state) punishment. This includes sentences carrying the death penalty, floggings and amputations. In this regard, he has personally signed off numerous death penalty sentences, contravening international standards, including stoning, executions by suspension strangulation, execution of juveniles, and public executions such as those where prisoners have been hanged from bridges in front of crowds of thousands. Therefore, he has contributed to a high number of executions. He has also permitted corporal punishment sentences such as amputations and the dripping of acid into the eyes of the convicted. Since Sadeq Larijani took office, arbitrary arrests of political prisoners, human rights defenders and minorities have increased markedly. Sadeq Larijani also bears responsibility for systemic failures in the Iranian judicial process to respect the right to a fair trial.	23.3.2012
66.	MIRHEJAZI Ali	Gender: male	Part of the Supreme Leader's inner circle, one of those responsible for planning the suppression of protests which has been implemented since 2009, and associated with those responsible for supressing the protests.	23.3.2012
67.	SAEEDI Ali	Gender: male	Representative of the Guide for the Pasdaran since 1995 after spending his whole career within the institution of the military, and specifically in the Pasdaran intelligence service. This official role makes him the key figure in the transmission of orders emanating from the Office of the Guide to the Pasdaran's repression apparatus.	23.3.2012
68.	RAMIN Mohammad-Ali	POB: Dezful (Iran) DOB: 1954 Gender: male	Secretary-general of the World Holocaust Foundation, established at the International Conference to Review the Global Vision of the Holocaust in 2006, which Ramin was responsible for organising on behalf of the Iranian Government. Main figure responsible for censorship as Vice‐Minister in charge of the Press up to December 2013, being directly responsible for the closure of many reforming newspapers (Etemad, Etemad-e Melli, Shargh, etc.), closure of the Independent Press Syndicate and the intimidation or arrest of journalists.	23.3.2012
69.	MORTAZAVI Seyyed Solat	POB: Farsan, Tchar Mahal‐o‐Bakhtiari (South) - (Iran) DOB: 1967 Gender: male	Until November 2019 Director of the Tehran branch of the Foundation Astan Qods Razavi. Former mayor of the second largest city of Iran, Mashhad, where public executions regularly happen. Former Deputy Interior Minister for Political Affairs, appointed in 2009. In this capacity, he was responsible for directing repression of persons who spoke up in defence of their legitimate rights, including freedom of expression. Later appointed as Head of the Iranian Election Committee for the parliamentarian elections in 2012 and for the presidential elections in 2013.	23.3.2012
73.	FAHRADI Ali	Gender: male	Deputy head of Inspectorate of Legal Affairs and Public Inspection of the Ministry of Justice of Tehran. Former prosecutor of Karaj. Responsible for grave violations of human rights, including prosecuting trials in which the death penalty was handed down. There were a high number of executions in Karaj region during his time as prosecutor.	23.3.2012
74.	REZVANMA-NESH Ali	Gender: male	Deputy prosecutor province of Karaj, region of Alborz. Responsible for grave violation of human rights, including involvement in the execution of a juvenile.	23.3.2012
75.	RAMEZANI Gholamhossein	Gender: male	Since 2011 Chief of the Intelligence of the Ministry of Defence; from November 2009 to March 2011: Commander of Intelligence of the Pasdaran; from March 2008 to November 2009: Deputy Commander of Intelligence of the Pasdaran; from April 2006 to March 2008: Head of Protection and Intelligence of the Pasdaran. Involved in the suppression of freedom of expression, including by being associated with those responsible for the arrests of bloggers/journalists in 2004, and reported to have had a role in the suppression of the post-election protests in 2009.	23.3.2012
76.	SADEGHI Mohamed	Gender: male	Colonel and Deputy of IRGC technical and cyber intelligence and in charge of the centre of analysis and fight against organised crime within the Pasdaran. Responsible for the arrests and torture of bloggers/journalists.	23.3.2012
77.	JAFARI Reza	DOB: 1967 Gender: male	Advisor to the Disciplinary Court for Judges since 2012. Member of the ‘Committee for Determining Criminal Web Content’, a body responsible for web sites and social media censorship. Former Head of special prosecution of cyber crime between 2007 and 2012. Was responsible for the repression of freedom of expression, including through the arrest, detention and prosecution of bloggers and journalists. Persons arrested on suspicion of cyber crime were mistreated and the subject of an unfair judicial process.	23.3.2012
78.	RESHTE-AHMADI Bahram	Gender: male	Judge of an ordinary court of northern Tehran. Former Supervisor of Public Prosecution Office in Tehran. Deputy Head of the Office of Prison Affairs of Tehran Province. Former Deputy Prosecutor in Tehran until 2013. He ran Evin prosecution centre. Was responsible for the denial of rights, including visits and other prisoner's rights, to human rights defenders and political prisoners.	23.3.2012
79.	RASHIDI AGHDAM Ali Ashraf	Gender: male	Former head of Evin Prison, appointed in mid-2012. During his tenure, conditions in the prison deteriorated and reports referenced intensified ill-treatment of prisoners. In October 2012, nine female prisoners went on hunger strike in protest of the violation of their rights and violent treatment by prison guards.	12.3.2013
80.	KIASATI Morteza	Gender: male	Judge of the Ahwaz Revolutionary Court, Branch 4, imposed death sentences on four Arab political prisoners, Taha Heidarian, Abbas Heidarian, Abd al- Rahman Heidarian (three brothers) and Ali Sharifi. They were arrested, tortured and hanged without due process. These cases and the lack of due process were referenced in a report dated 13 September 2012 by the UN Special Rapporteur on human rights in Iran, the UN Secretary General's report on Iran of 22 August 2012.	12.3.2013
81.	MOUSSAVI Seyed Mohammad Bagher	Gender: male	Ahwaz Revolutionary Court judge, Branch 2, imposed death sentences on five Ahwazi Arabs, Mohammad Ali Amouri, Hashem Sha'bani Amouri, Hadi Rashedi, Sayed Jaber Alboshoka, Sayed Mokhtar Alboshoka, on 17 March 2012 for ‘activities against national security’ and ‘enmity against God’. The sentences were upheld by Iran's Supreme Court on 9 January 2013. The five were arrested without charge for over a year, tortured and sentenced without due process.	12.3.2013
82.	SARAFRAZ, Mohammad (Dr.) (aka: Haj-agha Sarafraz)	POB: Tehran DOB: appr. 1963 Place of Residence: Tehran Gender: male	Former member of the Supreme Council of Cyber Space. Former President of the Islamic Republic of Iran Broadcasting (IRIB) (2014-2016). Former Head of IRIB World Service and Press TV, responsible for all programming decisions. Closely associated with the state security apparatus. Under his direction Press TV, along with IRIB, has worked with the Iranian security services and prosecutors to broadcast forced confessions of detainees, including that of Iranian-Canadian journalist and film-maker Maziar Bahari, in the weekly programme ‘Iran Today’. Independent broadcast regulator OFCOM fined Press TV in the UK GBP 100 000 for broadcasting Bahari's confession in 2011, which was filmed in prison whilst Bahari was under duress. Sarafraz therefore is associated with violating the right to due process and fair trial.	12.3.2013
83.	JAFARI Asadollah	Gender: male	As Prosecutor of Mazandaran Province, Jafari has recommended the imposition of the death penalty in cases he has prosecuted, which has resulted in many executions including public executions and in circumstances where the imposition of the death penalty is contrary to international human rights, including by being disproportionate and excessive punishment. Jafari has also been responsible for illegal arrests and violations of the rights of Baha'i detainees from initial arrest to keeping them in solitary confinement in the Intelligence Detention Centre.	12.3.2013
84.	EMADI, Hamid Reza (aka: Hamidreza Emadi)	POB: Hamedan DOB: appr. 1973 Place of residence: Tehran Place of work: Press TV HQ, Tehran Gender: male	Press TV Newsroom Director. Former Press TV Senior Producer. Responsible for producing and broadcasting the forced confessions of detainees, including journalists, political activists, persons belonging to Kurdish and Arab minorities, violating internationally recognised rights to a fair trial and due process. Independent broadcast regulator OFCOM fined Press TV in the UK GBP 100 000 for broadcasting the forced confession of Iranian-Canadian journalist and film-maker Maziar Bahari in 2011, which was filmed in prison whilst Bahari was under duress. NGOs have reported further instances of forced televised confessions by Press TV. Emadi is therefore associated with violating the right to due process and fair trial.	12.3.2013
85.	HAMLBAR Rahim	Gender: male	Judge of Branch 1 of Tabriz Revolutionary Court. Responsible for heavy sentences against Azeri ethnic minority and workers' rights activists, accusing them of spying, acts against national security, propaganda against the Iranian regime and insulting the leader of Iran. A high profile case involved 20 volunteer earthquake relief workers (following an earthquake in Iran in August 2012) to whom he gave prison sentences for their attempts to assist earthquake victims. The court found the workers guilty of ‘collaboration in assembly and collusion to commit crimes against national security.’	12.3.2013
86.	MUSAVI-TABAR Seyyed Reza	Gender: male	Former head of the Revolutionary Prosecution of Shiraz. Responsible for illegal arrests and ill treatment of political activists, journalists, human rights defenders, Baha'is and prisoners of conscience, who were harassed, tortured, interrogated and denied access to lawyers and due process. Musavi-Tabar signed judicial orders in the notorious No 100 Detention Centre (a male prison), including an order to detain female Baha'i prisoner Raha Sabet for three years in solitary confinement.	12.3.2013
87.	KHORAMABADI Abdolsamad	Head of ‘ Commission to Determine the Instances of Criminal Content ’ . Gender: male	Deputy Director for Judicial Oversight (since 13 October 2018). Former head of the ‘Commission to Determine the Instances of Criminal Content’, a governmental organisation in charge of online censorship and cyber crime. Under his leadership the Commission defined ‘cybercrime’ by a number of vague categories that criminalize creation and publication of content deemed inappropriate by the regime. He is responsible for repression and the blocking of numerous opposition sites, electronic newspapers, blogs, sites of human rights NGOs and of Google and Gmail since September 2012. He and the Commission actively contributed to the death in detention of the blogger Sattar Beheshti in November 2012. Thus the Commission he is heading is directly responsible for systemic violations of human rights, in particular by banning and filtering websites to the general public, and occasionally disabling Internet access altogether.	12.3.2013
Deleted by Council Decision (CFSP) 2016/565 of 11 April 2016 amending Decision 2011/235/CFSP concerning restrictive measures directed against certain persons and entities in view of the situation in Iran.
Deleted by Council Decision (CFSP) 2015/555 of 7 April 2015 amending Decision 2011/235/CFSP concerning restrictive measures directed against certain persons and entities in view of the situation in Iran.
Substituted by Corrigendum to Council Decision (CFSP) 2020/512 of 7 April 2020 amending Decision 2011/235/CFSP concerning restrictive measures directed against certain persons and entities in view of the situation in Iran (Official Journal of the European Union L 113 of 8 April 2020).

Entities
	Name	Identifying information	Reasons	Date of listing
1.	Cyber Police	Location: Tehran, Iran Website: http://www.cyberpolice.ir	The Iranian Cyber Police, founded in January 2011, is a unit of the Islamic Republic of Iran Police, which from the time of its inception until early 2015 was headed by Esmail Ahmadi-Moqaddam (listed). Ahmadi-Moqaddam underlined that the Cyber Police would take on anti-revolutionary and dissident groups who used internet-based social networks in 2009 to trigger protests against the re-election of President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad. In January 2012, the Cyber Police issued new guidelines for internet cafés, requiring users to provide personal information that would be kept by café owners for six months, as well as a record of the websites they visited. The rules also require café owners to install closed-circuit television cameras and maintain the recordings for six months. These new rules may create a logbook that authorities can use to track down activists or whoever is deemed a threat to national security. In June 2012, Iranian media reported that the Cyber Police would be launching a crackdown on virtual private networks (VPNs). On 30 October 2012 , the Cyber Police arrested the blogger Sattar Beheshti without a warrant for ‘ actions against national security on social networks and Facebook ’ . Beheshti had criticised the Iranian government in his blog. Beheshti was found dead in his prison cell on 3 November 2012 , and is believed to have been tortured to death by the Cyber Police authorities.	12.3.2013
Inserted by Council Decision 2013/124/CFSP of 11 March 2013 amending Decision 2011/235/CFSP concerning restrictive measures directed against certain persons and entities in view of the situation in Iran.
Substituted by Council Decision (CFSP) 2019/562 of 8 April 2019 amending Decision 2011/235/CFSP concerning restrictive measures directed against certain persons and entities in view of the situation in Iran.