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PART 5PENALTIES

CHAPTER 1OVERVIEW

117Overview of Part

(1)This Part makes provision about penalties relating to devolved taxes, including—

(a)penalties relating to failures to make tax returns or to pay devolved tax,

(b)penalties relating to inaccuracies,

(c)penalties relating to record-keeping and reimbursement arrangements, and

(d)penalties relating to investigations.

(2)It includes provision about—

(a)the circumstances which liability to those penalties arises,

(b)the amounts of those penalties,

(c)the circumstances in which liability to those penalties may be suspended or the amounts of those penalties may be reduced,

(d)the assessment of those penalties, and

(e)the payment of those penalties.

CHAPTER 2PENALTIES FOR FAILURE TO MAKE RETURNS OR PAY TAX

Penalty for failure to make tax return

118Penalty for failure to make tax return on or before filing date

A person is liable to a penalty of £100 if the person fails to make a tax return on or before the filing date.

119Penalty for failure to make tax return within 6 months from filing date

(1)A person is liable to a penalty if the person’s failure to make a tax return continues after the end of the period of 6 months beginning with the day after the filing date.

(2)The penalty is the greater of—

(a)5% of the amount of the devolved tax to which the person would have been liable if the tax return had been made, and

(b)£300.

120Penalty for failure to make tax return within 12 months from filing date

(1)A person is liable to a penalty if the person’s failure to make a tax return continues after the end of the period of 12 months beginning with the day after the filing date.

(2)Where, by failing to make the tax return, the person deliberately withholds information which would enable or assist WRA to assess the person’s liability to a devolved tax, the penalty is the greater of—

(a)100% of the amount of the devolved tax to which the person would have been liable if the tax return had been made, and

(b)£300.

(3)In any case not falling within subsection (2), the penalty is the greater of—

(a)5% of the amount of the devolved tax to which the person would have been liable if the tax return had been made, and

(b)£300.

121Reduction in penalty for failure to make tax return: disclosure

(1)WRA may reduce a penalty under section 118, 119 or 120 if the person discloses information which has been withheld as a result of a failure to make a tax return (“relevant information”).

(2)A person discloses relevant information by—

(a)telling WRA about it,

(b)giving WRA reasonable help in quantifying any devolved tax unpaid by reason of the information having been withheld, and

(c)allowing WRA access to records for the purpose of checking how much devolved tax is so unpaid.

(3)In reducing a penalty under this section, WRA may take account of—

(a)whether the disclosure was prompted or unprompted, and

(b)the quality of the disclosure.

(4)Disclosure of relevant information—

(a)is “unprompted” if made at a time when the person making the disclosure has no reason to believe that WRA has discovered or is about to discover the relevant information, and

(b)otherwise, is “prompted”.

(5)“Quality”, in relation to disclosure, includes timing, nature and extent.

Penalty for failure to pay tax

122Penalty for failure to pay tax

(1)A person is liable to a penalty if the person fails to pay, on or before the penalty date, an amount of devolved tax which is payable by that person.

(2)The “penalty date”, in relation to an amount of devolved tax which is payable, is the date specified in an enactment as the date on or before which the amount must be paid.

(3)The penalty under this section is the percentage of the amount of unpaid devolved tax which is specified by an enactment as the amount of the penalty in the relevant circumstances.

123Suspension of penalty for failure to pay tax during currency of agreement for deferred payment

(1)This section applies if—

(a)a person by whom an amount of devolved tax is payable has made a request to WRA, on or before the penalty date, to defer payment of the amount, and

(b)WRA has agreed, on or before that date, that payment of the amount may be deferred for a period (“the deferral period”).

(2)If the person would (apart from this subsection) become liable, between the day on which the person makes the request and the end of the deferral period, to a penalty for failing to pay the amount, the person is not liable to that penalty.

(3)But if—

(a)the person breaks the agreement, and

(b)WRA issues a notice to the person specifying any penalty to which the person would be liable apart from subsection (2),

the person becomes liable to that penalty on the day on which the notice is issued.

(4)A person breaks an agreement if—

(a)the person fails to pay the amount in question when the deferral period ends, or

(b)the deferral is subject to a condition (including a condition that part of the amount be paid during the deferral period) and the person fails to comply with it.

(5)If the agreement mentioned in subsection (1) is varied at any time by a further agreement between the person and WRA, this section applies from that time to the agreement as varied.

Penalties under Chapter 2: general

124Interaction of penalties

(1)Where a person is liable to more than one penalty under sections 118 to 120 which is determined by reference to a liability to a devolved tax, the aggregate of the amounts of those penalties must not exceed 100% of the liability to the devolved tax.

(2)Where a person is liable to—

(a)a penalty under this Chapter which is determined by reference to a liability to a devolved tax, and

(b)any other penalty (other than a penalty under this Chapter) which is determined by reference to the same liability to a devolved tax,

the amount of the penalty under this Chapter is to be reduced by the amount of that other penalty.

125Special reduction in penalty under Chapter 2

(1)WRA may reduce a penalty under this Chapter if it thinks it right to do so because of special circumstances.

(2)In subsection (1), “special circumstances” does not include—

(a)ability to pay, or

(b)the fact that a potential loss of revenue from one person is balanced by a potential over-payment by another.

(3)In subsection (1), the reference to reducing a penalty includes a reference to—

(a)remitting a penalty entirely,

(b)suspending a penalty, and

(c)agreeing a compromise in relation to proceedings for a penalty.

(4)In this section a reference to a penalty include a reference to any interest in relation to a penalty.

126Reasonable excuse for failure to make tax return or pay tax

(1)If a person satisfies WRA or (on appeal) the tribunal that there is a reasonable excuse for a failure to make a tax return, the person is not liable to a penalty under sections 118 to 120 in relation to the failure.

(2)If a person satisfies WRA or (on appeal) the tribunal that there is a reasonable excuse for a failure to pay a devolved tax, the person is not liable to a penalty under section 122 in relation to the failure.

(3)For the purposes of subsections (1) and (2)—

(a)an insufficiency of funds is not a reasonable excuse unless attributable to events outside the person’s control;

(b)where a person relies on another person to do anything, that is not a reasonable excuse unless the first person took reasonable care to avoid the failure;

(c)where a person had a reasonable excuse for the failure but the excuse has ceased, the person is to be treated as having continued to have the excuse if the failure is remedied without unreasonable delay after the excuse ceased.

127Assessment of penalties under Chapter 2

(1)Where a person becomes liable to a penalty under this Chapter, WRA must—

(a)assess the penalty,

(b)issue notice to the person of the penalty assessed, and

(c)state in the notice the period or transaction in respect of which the penalty has been assessed.

(2)An assessment of a penalty under this Chapter may be combined with an assessment to a devolved tax.

(3)A supplementary assessment may be made in respect of a penalty under section 119 or 120 if an earlier assessment operated by reference to an underestimate of the amount of devolved tax to which a person would have been liable if a tax return had been made.

(4)If—

(a)an assessment in respect of a penalty under section 119 or 120 is based on the amount of devolved tax to which a person would have been liable if a tax return had been made, and

(b)that liability is found by WRA to be excessive,

WRA may issue a notice to the person liable to the penalty amending the assessment so that it is based on the correct amount.

(5)A supplementary assessment may be made in respect of a penalty under section 122 if an earlier assessment operated by reference to an underestimate of the amount of devolved tax which was payable.

(6)If an assessment in respect of a penalty under section 122 is based on an amount of tax payable that is found by WRA to be excessive, WRA may issue a notice to the person liable to the penalty amending the assessment so that it is based on the correct amount.

(7)An amendment made under subsection (4) or (6)—

(a)does not affect when the penalty must be paid, and

(b)may be made after the last day on which the assessment in question could have been made under section 128.

128Time limit for assessment of penalties under Chapter 2

(1)An assessment of a penalty under this Chapter in respect of any amount must be made on or before the later of date A and (where it applies) date B.

(2)Date A is the last day of the period of 2 years beginning with—

(a)in the case of failure to make a tax return, the filing date, or

(b)in the case of failure to pay a devolved tax, the penalty date.

(3)Date B is the last day of the period of 12 months beginning with—

(a)in the case of a failure to make a tax return—

(i)the end of the appeal period for the assessment of the amount of devolved tax to which a person would have been liable if the tax return had been made, or

(ii)if there is no such assessment, the date on which that liability is ascertained or it is ascertained that the liability is nil;

(b)in the case of a failure to pay a devolved tax—

(i)the end of the appeal period for the assessment of the amount of devolved tax in respect of which the penalty is assessed, or

(ii)if there is no such assessment, the date on which that amount of devolved tax is ascertained.

(4)In subsection (2)(b), “penalty date” has the meaning given by section 122(2).

(5)In subsection (3)(a) and (b), “appeal period” means the later of the following periods—

(a)if no appeal is made, the period during which an appeal could be made, and

(b)if an appeal is made, the period ending with its final determination or withdrawal.

CHAPTER 3PENALTIES FOR INACCURACIES

Penalties for inaccuracies in documents

129Penalty for inaccuracy in document given to WRA

(1)A person is liable to a penalty where—

(a)the person gives WRA a document, and

(b)conditions 1 and 2 are satisfied.

(2)Condition 1 is that the document contains an inaccuracy which amounts to, or leads to—

(a)an understatement of a liability to a devolved tax,

(b)a false or inflated statement of a loss relating to a devolved tax, or

(c)a false or inflated claim to repayment of devolved tax.

(3)Condition 2 is that the inaccuracy was deliberate or careless on the person’s part.

(4)An inaccuracy is careless on a person’s part if it is due to the person’s failure to take reasonable care.

(5)An inaccuracy which was neither deliberate nor careless on a person’s part when the document was given is to be treated as careless if the person—

(a)discovered the inaccuracy at some later time, and

(b)did not take reasonable steps to inform WRA.

(6)Where a document contains more than one inaccuracy in respect of which conditions 1 and 2 are satisfied, the person is liable to a penalty for each such inaccuracy.

130Amount of penalty for inaccuracy in document given to WRA

(1)The penalty for a deliberate inaccuracy is 100% of the potential lost revenue.

(2)The penalty for a careless inaccuracy is 30% of the potential lost revenue.

131Suspension of penalty for careless inaccuracy

(1)WRA may suspend all or part of a penalty for a careless inaccuracy under section 129 by issuing a notice to the person liable to the penalty.

(2)The notice must specify—

(a)what part of the penalty is to be suspended,

(b)a period of suspension not exceeding 2 years, and

(c)conditions of suspension to be complied with by the person.

(3)WRA may suspend all or part of a penalty only if compliance with a condition of suspension would help the person to avoid becoming liable to further penalties under section 129 for careless inaccuracy.

(4)A condition of suspension may specify—

(a)action to be taken, and

(b)a period within which it must be taken.

(5)At the end of the period of suspension—

(a)if the person satisfies WRA that the conditions of suspension have been complied with, the suspended penalty or part is cancelled, and

(b)otherwise, the suspended penalty or part becomes payable.

(6)If, during the period of suspension of all or part of a penalty payable under section 129, the person becomes liable to another penalty under that section, the suspended penalty or part becomes payable.

132Penalty for deliberate inaccuracy in document given to WRA by another person

(1)A person (referred to in this section as “person A”) is liable to a penalty where—

(a)another person gives WRA a document,

(b)the document contains a relevant inaccuracy, and

(c)the inaccuracy was attributable—

(i)to person A deliberately supplying false information to the other person (whether directly or indirectly), or

(ii)to person A deliberately withholding information from the other person,

with the intention of the document containing the inaccuracy.

(2)A “relevant inaccuracy” is an inaccuracy which amounts to, or leads to—

(a)an understatement of a liability to a devolved tax,

(b)a false or inflated statement of a loss relating to a devolved tax, or

(c)a false or inflated claim to repayment of devolved tax.

(3)Person A is liable to a penalty under this section in respect of an inaccuracy whether or not the other person is liable to a penalty under section 129 in respect of the same inaccuracy.

(4)The penalty payable under this section is 100% of the potential lost revenue.

Penalty for failure to notify under-assessment etc.

133Penalty for failure to notify under-assessment or under-determination

(1)A person is liable to a penalty where—

(a)a WRA assessment understates the person’s liability to a devolved tax, and

(b)the person has failed to take reasonable steps to notify WRA, within the period of 30 days beginning with the day on which the notice of assessment is issued, that it is an under-assessment.

(2)In deciding what steps (if any) were reasonable, WRA must consider whether the person knew, or should have known, about the under-assessment.

(3)The penalty payable under this section is 30% of the potential lost revenue.

(4)In this section—

(a)“WRA assessment” includes a determination made by WRA under section 52, and

(b)accordingly, references in this Chapter to an under-assessment include references to an under-determination.

Potential lost revenue

134Meaning of “potential lost revenue”

In this Chapter, “potential lost revenue” has the meaning given by sections 135 to 138.

135Potential lost revenue: normal rule

(1)The “potential lost revenue” in respect of—

(a)an inaccuracy in a document (including an inaccuracy attributable to a supply of false information or withholding of information), or

(b)a failure to notify an under-assessment,

is the additional amount payable in respect of a devolved tax as a result of correcting the inaccuracy or under-assessment.

(2)The reference in subsection (1) to the additional amount payable includes a reference to—

(a)an amount payable to WRA having been erroneously paid by way of repayment of devolved tax, and

(b)an amount which would have been repayable by WRA had the inaccuracy or under-assessment not been corrected.

136Potential lost revenue: multiple errors

(1)Where a person is liable to a penalty under section 129 in respect of more than one inaccuracy, and the calculation of potential lost revenue under section 135 in respect of each inaccuracy depends on the order in which they are corrected, careless inaccuracies are to be taken to be corrected before deliberate inaccuracies.

(2)In calculating potential lost revenue where a person is liable to a penalty under section 129 in respect of one or more understatements in one or more documents relating to a tax period or transaction, account must be taken of any overstatements in any document given by the person which relate to the same tax period or transaction.

(3)In subsection (2)—

(a)“understatement” means an inaccuracy that meets condition 1 in section 129, and

(b)“overstatement” means an inaccuracy that does not meet that condition.

(4)For the purposes of subsection (2) overstatements are to be set against understatements in the following order—

(a)understatements in respect of which the person is not liable to a penalty,

(b)careless understatements, and

(c)deliberate understatements.

(5)In calculating, for the purposes of a penalty under section 129, potential lost revenue in respect of a document given by or on behalf of a person, no account is to be taken of the fact that a potential loss of revenue from a person is or may be balanced by a potential overpayment by another person (except to the extent that an enactment requires a person’s liability to a devolved tax to be adjusted by reference to another person’s liability to a devolved tax).

137Potential lost revenue: losses

(1)Where an inaccuracy has the result that a loss is wrongly recorded for the purposes of a devolved tax and the loss has been wholly used to reduce the amount payable in respect of that tax, the potential lost revenue is calculated in accordance with section 135.

(2)Where an inaccuracy has the result that a loss is wrongly recorded for the purposes of a devolved tax and the loss has not been wholly used to reduce the amount payable in respect of that tax, the potential lost revenue is—

(a)the potential lost revenue calculated in accordance with section 135 in respect of any part of the loss that has been used to reduce the amount payable in respect of that tax, plus

(b)10% of any part that has not.

(3)Subsections (1) and (2) apply both—

(a)to a case where no loss would have been recorded but for the inaccuracy, and

(b)to a case where a loss of a different amount would have been recorded (but in that case subsections (1) and (2) apply only to the difference between the amount recorded and the true amount).

(4)The potential lost revenue in respect of a loss is nil where, because of the nature of the loss or the circumstances of the person chargeable to the devolved tax, there is no reasonable prospect of the loss being used to support a claim to reduce any person’s liability to that tax.

138Potential lost revenue: delayed tax

(1)Where an inaccuracy resulted in an amount of devolved tax being declared later than it should have been (“the delayed tax”), the potential lost revenue is—

(a)5% of the delayed tax for each year of the delay;

(b)a percentage of the delayed tax, for each period of delay of less than a year, equating to 5% per year.

(2)This section does not apply to a case to which section 137 applies.

Penalties under Chapter 3: general

139Reduction in penalty under Chapter 3 for disclosure

(1)WRA may reduce a penalty payable under this Chapter where a person makes a qualifying disclosure.

(2)A “qualifying disclosure” means disclosure of—

(a)an inaccuracy which is relevant to a person’s liability to a devolved tax,

(b)a supply of false information, or withholding of information, which is relevant to a person’s liability to a devolved tax, or

(c)a failure to disclose an under-assessment in respect of a devolved tax.

(3)A person makes a qualifying disclosure by—

(a)telling WRA about it,

(b)giving WRA reasonable help in quantifying—

(i)the inaccuracy,

(ii)the inaccuracy attributable to the supply of false information or withholding of information, or

(iii)the under-assessment, and

(c)allowing WRA access to records for the purpose of ensuring that—

(i)the inaccuracy,

(ii)the inaccuracy attributable to the supply of false information or withholding of information, or

(iii)the under-assessment,

is fully corrected.

(4)In reducing a penalty under this section, WRA may take account of—

(a)whether the disclosure was prompted or unprompted, and

(b)the quality of the disclosure.

(5)Disclosure of relevant information—

(a)is “unprompted” if made at a time when the person making the disclosure has no reason to believe that WRA has discovered or is about to discover the inaccuracy, the supply of false information or withholding of information, or the under-assessment, and

(b)otherwise, is “prompted”.

(6)“Quality”, in relation to disclosure, includes timing, nature and extent.

140Special reduction in penalty under Chapter 3

(1)WRA may reduce a penalty under this Chapter if it thinks it right to do so because of special circumstances.

(2)In subsection (1), “special circumstances” does not include—

(a)ability to pay, or

(b)the fact that a potential loss of revenue from one person is balanced by a potential over-payment by another.

(3)In subsection (1), the reference to reducing a penalty includes a reference to—

(a)remitting a penalty entirely,

(b)suspending a penalty, and

(c)agreeing a compromise in relation to proceedings for a penalty.

(4)In this section, references to a penalty include references to any interest in relation to a penalty.

141Assessment of penalties under Chapter 3

(1)Where a person becomes liable to a penalty under this Chapter, WRA must—

(a)assess the penalty,

(b)issue a notice to the person of the penalty assessed, and

(c)state in the notice the period or transaction in relation to which the penalty has been assessed.

(2)An assessment of a penalty under this Chapter may be combined with an assessment to devolved tax.

(3)An assessment of a penalty under section 129 or 132 must be made before the end of the period of 12 months beginning with—

(a)the end of the appeal period for the decision correcting the inaccuracy, or

(b)if there is no assessment to the tax concerned as a result of that decision, the day on which the inaccuracy is corrected.

(4)An assessment of a penalty under section 133 must be made before the end of the period of 12 months beginning with—

(a)the end of the appeal period for the assessment of tax which corrected the understatement, or

(b)if there is no assessment correcting the understatement, the day on which the understatement is corrected.

(5)In subsections (3) and (4), “appeal period” means the later of the following periods—

(a)if no appeal is made, the period during which an appeal could be made, and

(b)if an appeal is made, the period ending with its final determination or withdrawal.

(6)Subject to subsections (3) and (4), a supplementary assessment may be made in respect of a penalty under this Chapter if an earlier assessment operated by reference to an underestimate of the potential lost revenue.

Interpretation

142Interpretation of Chapter 3

In this Chapter—

(a)a reference to giving a document to WRA includes—

(i)a reference to communicating information to WRA in any form and by any method (whether by post, fax, email, telephone or otherwise), and

(ii)a reference to making a statement or declaration in a document;

(b)a reference to making a tax return or doing anything in relation to a tax return includes a reference to amending a tax return or doing anything in relation to an amended tax return;

(c)a reference to a loss includes a reference to a charge, expense, deficit and any other amount which may be available for, or relied on to claim, a deduction or relief;

(d)a reference to action includes a reference to omission.

CHAPTER 4PENALTIES RELATING TO RECORD-KEEPING AND REIMBURSEMENT ARRANGEMENTS

Penalty for failure to keep and preserve records in connection with tax returns or claims

143Penalty for failure to keep and preserve records

(1)A person who fails to comply with section 38 or 69 is liable to a penalty not exceeding £3,000.

(2)But no penalty is incurred if WRA is satisfied that any facts that it reasonably requires to be proved, and which would have been proved by the records, are proved by other documentary evidence provided to it.

144Reasonable excuse for failure to keep and preserve records

(1)If a person who fails to comply with section 38 or 69 satisfies WRA or (on appeal) the tribunal that there is a reasonable excuse for the failure, there is no liability to a penalty under section 143 in relation to the failure.

(2)For the purposes of subsection (1)—

(a)an insufficiency of funds is not a reasonable excuse unless attributable to events outside the person’s control;

(b)where the person relies on another person to do anything, that is not a reasonable excuse unless the first person took reasonable care to avoid the failure;

(c)where the person had a reasonable excuse for the failure but the excuse has ceased, the person is to be treated as having continued to have the excuse if the failure is remedied without unreasonable delay after the excuse ceased.

145Assessment of penalties under section 143

(1)Where a person becomes liable to a penalty under section 143, WRA must—

(a)assess the penalty, and

(b)issue notice to the person of the penalty assessed.

(2)An assessment of a penalty under section 143 must be made within the period of 12 months beginning with the day on which WRA first believed the person to have failed to comply with section 38 or 69.

CHAPTER 5PENALTIES RELATING TO INVESTIGATIONS

Penalties for failure to comply or obstruction

146Penalty for failure to comply with information notice or obstruction

(1)This section applies to a person who—

(a)fails to comply with an information notice,

(b)deliberately obstructs WRA in the course of an inspection, or in the exercise of a power, that has been approved by the tribunal under section 108,

(c)deliberately obstructs WRA in the exercise of its power under section 113(3), or

(d)fails to comply within a reasonable time with a requirement under section 113(5).

(2)The person is liable to a penalty of £300.

(3)The reference to a person who fails to comply with an information notice includes a person who conceals, destroys or otherwise disposes of (or arranges for the concealment, destruction or disposal of) a document in breach of section 114 or 115.

147Daily default penalty for failure to comply with information notice or obstruction

(1)This section applies if the failure or obstruction mentioned in section 146(1) continues after the day on which a penalty notice is issued under section 153(1)(b) in respect of the failure or obstruction.

(2)But this section does not apply if—

(a)the failure is in respect of a debtor contact notice, or

(b)a decision relating to the penalty under section 146 in respect of the failure or obstruction is the subject of—

(i)a review for which notice of the conclusions has not yet been issued, or

(ii)an appeal which has not yet been finally determined or withdrawn.

(3)The person is liable to a further penalty or penalties not exceeding £60 for each day on which the failure or obstruction continues.

148Effect of extension of time limit for compliance

Liability to a penalty under section 146 or 147 does not arise in respect of a failure by a person to do anything required to be done within a limited period of time if the person did it within such further time (if any) as WRA may have allowed.

149Reasonable excuse for failure to comply or obstruction

(1)Liability to a penalty under section 146 or 147 does not arise if the person satisfies WRA or (on appeal) the tribunal that there is a reasonable excuse for the failure or the obstruction of WRA.

(2)For the purposes of this section—

(a)an insufficiency of funds is not a reasonable excuse unless attributable to events outside the person’s control;

(b)where the person relies on another person to do anything, that is not a reasonable excuse unless the first person took reasonable care to avoid the failure or obstruction;

(c)where the person had a reasonable excuse for the failure or obstruction but the excuse has ceased, the person is to be treated as having continued to have the excuse if the failure is remedied, or the obstruction stops, without unreasonable delay after the excuse ceased.

Further penalties for continuing failure to comply or obstruction

150Increased daily default penalty for failure to comply with information notice

(1)This section applies if—

(a)a penalty under section 147 is assessed under section 153 in respect of a person’s failure to comply with an unidentified third party notice,

(b)the failure continues for more than 30 days beginning with the day on which notice of the penalty was issued, and

(c)the person has been told that an application may be made under this section for an increased daily penalty to be imposed.

(2)WRA may make an application to the tribunal for an increased daily penalty to be imposed on the person.

(3)But WRA may not make such an application if a decision relating to a penalty under section 146 or 147 in respect of the failure is the subject of—

(a)a review for which notice of the conclusions has not yet been issued, or

(b)an appeal which has not yet been finally determined or withdrawn.

(4)If the tribunal decides that an increased daily penalty should be imposed, then for each applicable day on which the failure continues—

(a)the person is not liable to a penalty under section 147 for the failure, and

(b)the person is liable instead to a penalty under this section of an amount determined by the tribunal.

(5)The tribunal may not determine an amount exceeding £1,000 for each applicable day.

(6)In determining the amount the tribunal must have regard to—

(a)the likely cost to the person of complying with the notice,

(b)any benefits to the person of not complying with it, and

(c)any benefits to anyone else resulting from the person’s non-compliance.

(7)If a person becomes liable to a penalty under this section, WRA must issue to the person notice of that fact.

(8)The notice must state the first day on which the increased penalty is to apply.

(9)That day and any subsequent day on which the failure continues is an “applicable day” for the purposes of this section and section 153(4).

151Tax-related penalty for failure to comply with information notice or obstruction

(1)This section applies where—

(a)a person becomes liable to a penalty under section 146,

(b)the failure or obstruction continues after the day on which a penalty notice is issued under section 153(1)(b) in respect of the penalty,

(c)WRA has reason to believe that, as a result of the failure or obstruction, the amount of devolved tax that the person has paid, or is likely to pay, is significantly less than it would otherwise have been,

(d)before the end of the period of 12 months beginning with the relevant date, WRA makes an application to the Upper Tribunal for an additional penalty to be imposed on the person (see subsection (6)) and gives notice of the application to the person, and

(e)the Upper Tribunal decides that it is appropriate for an additional penalty to be imposed.

(2)The person is liable to a penalty of an amount determined by the Upper Tribunal.

(3)In determining the amount, the Upper Tribunal must have regard to the amount of devolved tax which has not been, or is not likely to be, paid by the person.

(4)Any penalty under this section is in addition to the penalty or penalties under section 146 or 147.

(5)In subsection (1)(d), the “relevant date” means—

(a)in a case involving an information notice against which a person may appeal, the latest of—

(i)the day on which the person became liable to the penalty under section 146,

(ii)if no appeal against the information notice is made, the end of the period in which such an appeal could have been made, and

(iii)if such an appeal is made, the day on which the appeal is finally determined or withdrawn, and

(b)in any other case, the day on which the person became liable to the penalty under section 146.

(6)WRA may not make an application of the kind mentioned in subsection (1)(d) if a decision relating to a penalty under section 146, 147 or 150 in respect of the failure or obstruction is the subject of—

(a)a review for which notice of the conclusions has not yet been issued, or

(b)an appeal which has not yet been finally determined or withdrawn.

Penalty for inaccurate information or documents

152Penalty for inaccurate information or documents

(1)This section applies if—

(a)a person provides inaccurate information, or produces a document that contains an inaccuracy, in complying with an information notice other than a debtor contact notice, and

(b)condition 1, 2 or 3 is met.

(2)Condition 1 is that the inaccuracy is—

(a)deliberate, or

(b)due to a failure by the person to take reasonable care.

(3)Condition 2 is that the person knows of the inaccuracy at the time the information is provided or the document is produced but does not inform WRA at that time.

(4)Condition 3 is that the person—

(a)discovers the inaccuracy some time later, and

(b)fails to take reasonable steps to inform WRA.

(5)The person is liable to a penalty not exceeding £3,000.

(6)Where the information or document contains more than one inaccuracy in respect of which condition 1, 2 or 3 is met, a penalty is payable for each such inaccuracy.

Penalties under Chapter 5: general

153Assessment of penalties under Chapter 5

(1)Where a person becomes liable for a penalty under this Chapter, WRA must—

(a)assess the penalty, and

(b)issue a notice to the person of the penalty assessed.

(2)An assessment of a penalty under section 146 or 147 must be made within the period of 12 months beginning with the day on which the person became liable to the penalty.

(3)But in a case involving an information notice against which a person may appeal, an assessment of a penalty under section 146 or 147 must be made within the period of 12 months beginning with the latest of the following—

(a)the day on which the person became liable to the penalty,

(b)if no appeal against the notice is made, the end of the period in which such an appeal could have been made, and

(c)if such an appeal is made, the day on which the appeal is finally determined or withdrawn.

(4)An assessment of penalties under section 150 must be made—

(a)at the end of the period of 7 days beginning with the first applicable day, and

(b)at the end of each subsequent period of 7 days that includes an applicable day.

(5)An assessment of a penalty under section 151 must be made within the period of 12 months beginning with the day on which the Upper Tribunal decided that it was appropriate for the penalty to be imposed.

(6)An assessment of a penalty under section 152 must be made—

(a)within the period of 12 months beginning with the day on which the inaccuracy first came to the attention of WRA, and

(b)within the period of 6 years beginning with the day on which the person became liable to the penalty.

CHAPTER 6PAYMENT OF PENALTIES

154Payment of penalties

A penalty under this Part must be paid before the end of the period of 30 days beginning with the day on which notice of the penalty was issued (but see section 182).

CHAPTER 7SUPPLEMENTARY

155Double jeopardy

A person is not liable to a penalty under this Act in respect of anything if the person has been convicted of an offence in relation to it.

156Power to make regulations about penalties

(1)The Welsh Ministers may by regulations make provision (or further provision) about—

(a)the amounts of penalties under this Part;

(b)the procedure for assessing penalties under this Part.

(2)Regulations under this section may modify any enactment (including this Act).

(3)Regulations under this section may not apply—

(a)to a failure beginning before the day on which the regulations come into force, or

(b)to an inaccuracy in any information or document provided to WRA before that day.