CHAPTER 7Capital
Calculation of capital
60.—(1) The capital of an applicant(1) to be taken into account must be, subject to sub-paragraph (2), the whole of the applicant’s capital calculated in accordance with this Part and (in the case of persons who are not pensioners) any income treated as capital under paragraph 61 (income treated as capital: persons who are not pensioners).
(2) There must be disregarded from the calculation of an applicant’s capital under sub-paragraph (1), any capital, where applicable, specified in—
(a)Schedule 8, in relation to pensioners;
(b)Schedule 9, in relation to persons who are not pensioners.
(3) In the case of an applicant who is a pensioner, the applicant’s capital is to be treated as including any payment made to the applicant by way of arrears of—
(a)child tax credit;
(b)working tax credit;
(c)state pension credit,
if the payment was made in respect of a period for the whole or part of which a reduction under this scheme was allowed before those arrears were paid.
(4) The capital of a child or young person who is a member of the family of an applicant who is not a pensioner must not be treated as capital of the applicant.
Income treated as capital: persons who are not pensioners
61.—(1) This paragraph applies in relation to persons who are not pensioners.
(2) Any bounty derived from employment to which paragraph 9 of Schedule 6 (sums disregarded in the calculation of earnings: persons who are not pensioners) applies and paid at intervals of at least one year is to be treated as capital.
(3) Any amount by way of a refund of income tax deducted from profits or emoluments chargeable to income tax under Schedule D or E is to be treated as capital.
(4) Any holiday pay which is not earnings under paragraph 38(1)(d) or 48(1)(d) (earnings of employed earners) is to be treated as capital.
(5) Except any income derived from capital disregarded under paragraphs 4, 5, 7, 11, 17, 30 to 33, 48 or 49 of Schedule 9 (capital disregards: persons who are not pensioners), any income derived from capital is to be treated as capital but only from the date it is normally due to be credited to the applicant’s account.
(6) In the case of employment as an employed earner, any advance of earnings or any loan made by the applicant’s employer is to be treated as capital.
(7) Any charitable or voluntary payment which is not made or due to be made at regular intervals, other than a payment which is made under or by the Trusts, the Fund, the Eileen Trust, MFET Limited, the Skipton Fund, the Caxton Foundation, the Independent Living Fund (2006) or the London Bombings Relief Charitable Fund, is to be treated as capital.
(8) There is to be treated as capital the gross receipts of any commercial activity carried on by a person in respect of which assistance is received under the self-employment route, but only in so far as those receipts were payable into a special account during the period in which that person was receiving such assistance.
(9) Any arrears of subsistence allowance which are paid to an applicant as a lump sum must be treated as capital.
(10) Any arrears of working tax credit or child tax credit must be treated as capital.
Calculation of capital in the United Kingdom
62. Capital which an applicant possesses in the United Kingdom is to be calculated at its current market or surrender value less—
(a)where there would be expenses attributable to the sale, 10 per cent; and
(b)the amount of any encumbrance secured on it.
Calculation of capital outside the United Kingdom
63. Capital which an applicant possesses in a country outside the United Kingdom will be calculated—
(a)in a case where there is no prohibition in that country against the transfer to the United Kingdom of an amount equal to its current market or surrender value in that country, at that value;
(b)in a case where there is such a prohibition, at the price which it would realise if sold in the United Kingdom to a willing buyer,
less, where there would be expenses attributable to sale, 10 per cent and the amount of any encumbrances secured on it.
Notional capital
64.—(1) An applicant is to be treated as possessing capital of which the applicant has deprived himself or herself for the purpose of securing entitlement to a reduction or increasing the amount of that reduction except to the extent that that capital is reduced in accordance with paragraphs 65 and 66 (diminishing notional capital rule).
(2) An applicant who is a pensioner who disposes of capital for the purpose of—
(a)reducing or paying a debt owed by the applicant; or
(b)purchasing goods or services if the expenditure was reasonable in the circumstances of the applicant’s case,
is to be regarded as not depriving himself or herself of it.
(3) Sub-paragraphs (4) to (6) apply in relation to applicants who are not pensioners.
(4) Except in the case of—
(a)a discretionary trust; or
(b)a trust derived from a payment made in consequence of a personal injury; or
(c)any loan which would be obtained only if secured against capital disregarded under Schedule 9; or
(d)a personal pension scheme, occupational pension scheme or a payment made by the Board of the Pension Protection Fund; or
(e)any sum to which paragraph 48(2)(a) of Schedule 9 (capital disregards: persons who are not pensioner) applies which is administered in the way referred to in paragraph 49(1)(a) of that Schedule; or
(f)any sum to which paragraph 49(a) of Schedule 9 refers; or
(g)child tax credit; or
(h)working tax credit,
any capital which would become available to the applicant upon application being made, but which has not been acquired by the applicant, is to be treated as possessed by the applicant but only from the date on which it could be expected to be acquired were an application made.
(5) Any payment of capital, other than a payment of capital specified in sub-paragraph (6), made—
(a)to a third party in respect of a single applicant or a member of the family (but not a member of the third party’s family) must, where that payment is a payment of an occupational pension, a pension or other periodical payment made under a personal pension scheme or a payment made by the Board of the Pension Protection Fund, be treated as possessed by that single applicant or, as the case may be, by that member;
(b)to a third party in respect of a single applicant or in respect of a member of the family (but not a member of the third party’s family) must, where it is not a payment referred to in paragraph (a), be treated as possessed by that single applicant or by that member to the extent that it is used for the food, ordinary clothing or footwear, household fuel or rent of that single applicant or, as the case may be, of any member of that family or is used for any council tax or water charges for which that applicant or member is liable;
(c)to a single applicant or a member of the family in respect of a third party (but not in respect of another member of the family) must be treated as possessed by that single applicant or, as the case may be, that member of the family to the extent that it is kept or used by the single applicant or used by or on behalf of any member of the family.
(6) Sub-paragraph (5) does not apply in respect of a payment of capital made—
(a)under or by any of the Trusts, the Fund, the Eileen Trust, MFET Limited, the Independent Living Fund (2006), the Skipton Fund, the Caxton Foundation, or the London Bombings Relief Charitable Fund;
(b)pursuant to section 2 of the Employment and Training Act 1973 in respect of a person’s participation—
(i)in an employment programme specified in regulation 75(1)(a)(ii) of the Jobseeker’s Allowance Regulations 1996;
(ii)in a training scheme specified in regulation 75(1)(b)(ii) of those Regulations;
(iii)in the Intense Activity Period specified in regulation 75(1)(a)(iv) of those Regulations;
(iv)in a qualifying course within the meaning specified in regulation 17A(7) of those Regulations; or
(v)in the Flexible New Deal specified in regulation 75(1)(a)(v) of those Regulations;
(c)in respect of a person’s participation in the Work for Your Benefit Pilot Scheme;
(d)in respect of a person’s participation in the Mandatory Work Activity Scheme;
(e)in respect of an applicant’s participation in the Employment, Skills and Enterprise Scheme;
(f)under an occupational pension scheme, in respect of a pension or other periodical payment made under a personal pension scheme or a payment made by the Board of the Pension Protection Fund where—
(i)a bankruptcy order has been made in respect of the person in respect of whom the payment has been made or, in Scotland, the estate of that person is subject to sequestration or a judicial factor has been appointed on that person’s estate under section 41 of the Solicitors (Scotland) Act 1980;
(ii)the payment is made to the trustee in bankruptcy or any other person acting on behalf of the creditors; and
(iii)the person referred to in sub-paragraph (i) and any member of that person’s family do not possess, or are not treated as possessing, any other income apart from that payment.
(7) Where an applicant stands in relation to a company in a position analogous to that of a sole owner or partner in the business of that company, the applicant may be treated as if the applicant were such sole owner or partner and in such a case—
(a)the value of the applicant’s holding in that company must, notwithstanding paragraph 60 (calculation of capital) be disregarded; and
(b)the applicant must, subject to sub-paragraph (8), be treated as possessing an amount of capital equal to the value or, as the case may be, the applicant’s share of the value of the capital of that company and the foregoing provisions of this Chapter apply for the purposes of calculating that amount as if it were actual capital which the applicant does possess.
(8) For so long as the applicant undertakes activities in the course of the business of the company, the amount which the applicant is treated as possessing under sub-paragraph (7) is to be disregarded.
(9) Where an applicant is treated as possessing capital under any of sub-paragraphs (1), (4) or (5) the foregoing provisions of this Chapter apply for the purposes of calculating its amount as if it were actual capital which the applicant does possess.
Diminishing notional capital rule: pensioners
65.—(1) Where an applicant who is a pensioner is treated as possessing capital under paragraph 64(1) (notional capital), the amount which the applicant is treated as possessing—
(a)in the case of a week that is subsequent to—
(i)the relevant week in respect of which the conditions set out in sub-paragraph (2) are satisfied; or
(ii)a week which follows that relevant week and which satisfies those conditions,
is to be reduced by an amount determined under sub-paragraph (3);
(b)in the case of a week in respect of which sub-paragraph (1)(a) does not apply but where—
(i)that week is a week subsequent to the relevant week; and
(ii)that relevant week is a week in which the condition in sub-paragraph (4) is satisfied,
is to be reduced by the amount determined under sub-paragraph (5).
(2) This sub-paragraph applies to a reduction week where the applicant satisfies the conditions that—
(a)the applicant is in receipt of a reduction in council tax under this scheme; and
(b)but for paragraph 64(1), the applicant would have received a greater reduction in council tax under this scheme in that week.
(3) In a case to which sub-paragraph (2) applies, the amount of the reduction in the amount of capital the applicant is treated as possessing for the purposes of sub-paragraph (1)(a) must be equal to the aggregate of—
(a)an amount equal to the additional amount of the reduction in council tax to which sub-paragraph (2)(b) refers;
(b)where the applicant has also claimed state pension credit, the amount of any state pension credit or any additional amount of state pension credit to which the applicant would have been entitled in respect of the reduction week to which sub-paragraph (2) refers but for the application of regulation 21(1) of the State Pension Credit Regulations 2002 (notional capital);
(c)where the applicant has also claimed housing benefit, the amount of any housing benefit or any additional amount of housing benefit to which the applicant would have been entitled in respect of the whole or part of the reduction week to which sub-paragraph (2) refers but for the application of regulation 47(1) of the Housing Benefit (Persons who have attained the qualifying age for state pension credit) Regulations 2006 (notional capital);
(d)where the applicant has also claimed a jobseeker’s allowance, the amount of an income-based jobseeker’s allowance to which the applicant would have been entitled in respect of the reduction week to which sub-paragraph (2) refers but for the application of regulation 113 of the Jobseeker’s Allowance Regulations 1996 (notional capital); and
(e)where the applicant has also claimed an employment and support allowance, the amount of an income-related employment and support allowance to which the applicant would have been entitled in respect of the reduction week to which sub-paragraph (2) refers but for the application of regulation 115 of the Employment and Support Allowance Regulations 2008 (notional capital).
(4) Subject to sub-paragraph (7), for the purposes of sub-paragraph (1)(b) the condition is that the applicant is a pensioner and would have been entitled to a reduction in council tax under this scheme in the relevant week but for paragraph 64(1).
(5) In such a case the amount of the reduction in the amount of capital the applicant is treated as possessing for the purposes of sub-paragraph (1)(b) is equal to the aggregate of—
(a)the amount of the reduction in council tax to which the applicant would have been entitled in the relevant week but for paragraph 64(1);
(b)if the applicant would, but for regulation 21 of the State Pension Credit Regulations 2002, have been entitled to state pension credit in respect of the benefit week, within the meaning of regulation 1(2) of those Regulations (interpretation), which includes the last day of the relevant week, the amount to which the applicant would have been entitled;
(c)if the applicant would, but for regulation 47(1) of the Housing Benefit (Persons who have attained the qualifying age for state pension credit) Regulations 2006, have been entitled to housing benefit or to an additional amount of housing benefit in respect of the benefit week which includes the last day of the relevant week, the amount which is equal to—
(i)in a case where no housing benefit is payable, the amount to which the applicant would have been entitled; or
(ii)in any other case, the amount equal to the additional amount of housing benefit to which the applicant would have been entitled;
(d)if the applicant would, but for regulation 113 of the Jobseeker’s Allowance Regulations 1996, have been entitled to an income-based jobseeker’s allowance in respect of the benefit week, within the meaning of regulation 1(3) of those Regulations (interpretation), which includes the last day of the relevant week, the amount to which the applicant would have been entitled; and
(e)if the applicant would, but for regulation 115 of the Employment and Support Allowance Regulations 2008, have been entitled to an income-related employment and support allowance in respect of the benefit week, within the meaning of regulation 2(1) of those Regulations (interpretation), which includes the last day of the relevant week, the amount to which the applicant would have been entitled.
(6) But if the amount mentioned in paragraph (a), (b), (c), (d) or (e) of sub-paragraph (5) (“the relevant amount”) is in respect of a part-week, the amount that is to be taken into account under that paragraph is to be determined by—
(a)dividing the relevant amount by the number equal to the number of days in that part-week; and
(b)multiplying the result of that calculation by 7.
(7) The amount determined under sub-paragraph (5) is to be re-determined under that sub-paragraph if the applicant makes a further application for a reduction in council tax and the conditions in sub-paragraph (8) are satisfied, and in such a case—
(a)paragraphs (a) to (e) of sub-paragraph (5) apply as if for the words “relevant week” there were substituted the words “relevant subsequent week”; and
(b)subject to sub-paragraph (9), the amount as re-determined has effect from the first week following the relevant subsequent week in question.
(8) The conditions are that—
(a)a further application is made 26 or more weeks after—
(i)the date on which the applicant made an application for a reduction in council tax in respect of which the applicant was first treated as possessing the capital in question under paragraph 64(1);
(ii)in a case where there has been at least one re-determination in accordance with subparagraph (11), the date on which the applicant last made an application for a reduction in council tax which resulted in the weekly amount being re-determined; or
(iii)the date on which the applicant last ceased to be entitled to a reduction in council tax,
whichever last occurred; and
(b)the applicant would have been entitled to a reduction in council tax under this scheme but for paragraph 64(1).
(9) The amount as re-determined pursuant to sub-paragraph (7) must not have effect if it is less than the amount which applied in that case immediately before the re-determination and in such a case the higher amount must continue to have effect.
(10) For the purposes of this paragraph—
“part-week”—
(a)in relation to an amount mentioned in sub-paragraph (5)(a), means a period of less than a week for which a reduction in council tax under this scheme is allowed;
(b)in relation to an amount mentioned in sub-paragraph (5)(b), means a period of less than a week for which housing benefit is payable;
(c)in relation to an amount mentioned in sub-paragraph (5)(c), (d) or (e), means—
(i)a period of less than a week which is the whole period for which income support, an income-related employment and support allowance or, as the case may be, an income-based jobseeker’s allowance is payable; and
(ii)any other period of less than a week for which it is payable;
“relevant week” means the reduction week or part-week in which the capital in question of which the applicant has deprived himself or herself within the meaning of paragraph 64(1)—
(a)was first taken into account for the purpose of determining the applicant’s entitlement to a reduction; or
(b)was taken into account on a subsequent occasion for the purpose of determining or re-determining the applicant’s entitlement to a reduction on that subsequent occasion and that determination or re-determination resulted in the applicant beginning to receive, or ceasing to receive, a reduction;
and where more than one reduction week is identified by reference to paragraphs (a) and (b) of this definition, the later or latest such reduction week or, as the case may be, the later or latest such part-week is the relevant week;
“relevant subsequent week” means the reduction week or part-week which includes the day on which the further application or, if more than one further application has been made, the last such application was made.
Diminishing notional capital rule: persons who are not pensioners
66.—(1) Where an applicant who is not a pensioner is treated as possessing capital under paragraph 64(1) (notional capital), the amount which the applicant is treated as possessing—
(a)in the case of a week that is subsequent to—
(i)the relevant week in respect of which the conditions set out in sub-paragraph (2) are satisfied; or
(ii)a week which follows that relevant week and which satisfies those conditions,
is to be reduced by an amount determined under sub-paragraph (3);
(b)in the case of a week in respect of which sub-paragraph (1)(a) does not apply but where—
(i)that week is a week subsequent to the relevant week; and
(ii)that relevant week is a week in which the condition in sub-paragraph (4) is satisfied,
is to be reduced by the amount determined under sub-paragraph (5).
(2) This sub-paragraph applies to a reduction week (or, in the case of persons who are not pensioners, part-week) where the applicant satisfies the conditions that—
(a)The applicant is in receipt of a reduction in council tax under this scheme; and
(b)but for paragraph 64(1), the applicant would have received a greater reduction in council tax under this scheme in that week.
(3) In a case to which sub-paragraph (2) applies, the amount of the reduction in the amount of capital the applicant is treated as possessing for the purposes of sub-paragraph (1)(a) is equal to the aggregate of—
(a)an amount equal to the additional amount of the reduction in council tax to which subparagraph (2)(b) refers;
(b)where the applicant has also claimed housing benefit, the amount of any housing benefit or any additional amount of that benefit to which the applicant would have been entitled in respect of the whole or part of the reduction week to which sub-paragraph (2) refers but for the application of regulation 49(1) of the Housing Benefit Regulations 2006 (notional capital);
(c)where the applicant has also claimed income support, the amount of income support to which the applicant would have been entitled in respect of the whole or part of the reduction week to which sub-paragraph (2) refers but for the application of regulation 51(1) of the Income Support (General) Regulations 1987 (notional capital);
(d)where the applicant has also claimed a jobseeker’s allowance, the amount of an income-based jobseeker’s allowance to which the applicant would have been entitled in respect of the whole or part of the reduction week to which sub-paragraph (2) refers but for the application of regulation 113 of the Jobseeker’s Allowance Regulations 1996 (notional capital); and
(e)where the applicant has also claimed an employment and support allowance, the amount of an income-related employment and support allowance to which the applicant would have been entitled in respect of the whole or part of the reduction week to which sub-paragraph (2) refers but for the application of regulation 115 of the Employment and Support Allowance Regulations 2008 (notional capital).
(4) Subject to sub-paragraph (7), for the purposes of sub-paragraph (1)(b) the condition is that the applicant is not a pensioner and would have been entitled to a reduction in council tax in the relevant week but for paragraph 64(1).
(5) In such a case the amount of the reduction in the amount of capital the applicant is treated as possessing must be equal to the aggregate of—
(a)the amount of council tax benefit to which the applicant would have been entitled in the relevant week but for paragraph 64(1);
(b)if the applicant would, but for regulation 49(1) of the Housing Benefit Regulations 2006, have been entitled to housing benefit or to an additional amount of housing benefit in respect of the benefit week which includes the last day of the relevant week, the amount which is equal to—
(i)in a case where no housing benefit is payable, the amount to which the applicant would have been entitled; or
(ii)in any other case, the amount equal to the additional amount of housing benefit to which the applicant would have been entitled;
(c)if the applicant would, but for regulation 51(1) of the Income Support (General) Regulations 1987, have been entitled to income support in respect of the benefit week, within the meaning of regulation 2(1) of those Regulations (interpretation), which includes the last day of the relevant week, the amount to which the applicant would have been entitled;
(d)if the applicant would, but for regulation 113 of the Jobseeker’s Allowance Regulations 1996, have been entitled to an income-based jobseeker’s allowance in respect of the benefit week, within the meaning of regulation 1(3) of those Regulations (interpretation), which includes the last day of the relevant week, the amount to which the applicant would have been entitled; and
(e)if the applicant would, but for regulation 115 of the Employment and Support Allowance Regulations 2008, have been entitled to an income-related employment and support allowance in respect of the benefit week, within the meaning of regulation 2(1) of those Regulations (interpretation), which includes the last day of the relevant week, the amount to which the applicant would have been entitled.
(6) But if the amount mentioned in paragraph (a), (b), (c), (d) or (e) of sub-paragraph (5) (“the relevant amount”) is in respect of a part-week, the amount that is to be taken into account under that paragraph is to be determined by—
(a)dividing the relevant amount by the number equal to the number of days in that part-week; and
(b)multiplying the result of that calculation by 7.
(7) The amount determined under sub-paragraph (5) is to be re-determined under the appropriate sub-paragraph if the applicant makes a further application for a reduction in council tax and the conditions in sub-paragraph (8) are satisfied, and in such a case—
(a)paragraphs (a) to (e) of sub-paragraph (5) apply as if for the words “relevant week” there were substituted the words “relevant subsequent week”; and
(b)subject to sub-paragraph (9), the amount as re-determined has effect from the first week following the relevant subsequent week in question.
(8) The conditions are that—
(a)a further application is made 26 or more weeks after—
(i)the date on which the applicant made an application for a reduction in council tax in respect of which the applicant was first treated as possessing the capital in question under paragraph 64(1);
(ii)in a case where there has been at least one re-determination in accordance with sub-paragraph (7), the date on which the applicant last made an application for a reduction in council tax which resulted in the weekly amount being re-determined; or
(iii)the date on which the applicant last ceased to be entitled to a reduction in council tax,
whichever last occurred; and
(b)the applicant would have been entitled to a reduction in council tax under this scheme but for paragraph 64(1).
(9) The amount as re-determined pursuant to sub-paragraph (6) must not have effect if it is less than the amount which applied in that case immediately before the re-determination and in such a case the higher amount must continue to have effect.
(10) For the purposes of this paragraph—
“part-week”—
(a)in relation to an amount mentioned in sub-paragraph (5)(a), means a period of less than a week for which a reduction in council tax under this scheme is allowed;
(b)in relation to an amount mentioned in sub-paragraph (5)(b), means a period of less than a week for which housing benefit is payable;
(c)in relation to an amount mentioned in sub-paragraph (5)(c), (d) or (e), means—
(i)a period of less than a week which is the whole period for which income support, an income-related employment and support allowance or, as the case may be, an income-based jobseeker’s allowance is payable; and
(ii)any other period of less than a week for which it is payable;
“relevant week” means the reduction week or part-week in which the capital in question of which the applicant has deprived himself or herself within the meaning of paragraph 64(1)—
(a)was first taken into account for the purpose of determining the applicant’s entitlement to a reduction; or
(b)was taken into account on a subsequent occasion for the purpose of determining or re-determining the applicant’s entitlement to a reduction on that subsequent occasion and that determination or re-determination resulted in the applicant beginning to receive, or ceasing to receive, a reduction,
and where more than one reduction week is identified by reference to paragraphs (a) and (b) of this definition, the later or latest such reduction week or, as the case may be, the later or latest such part-week is the relevant week;
“relevant subsequent week” means the reduction week or part-week which includes the day on which the further application or, if more than one further application has been made, the last such application was made.
Capital jointly held
67. Except where an applicant possesses capital which is disregarded under paragraph 64(7) (notional capital), where an applicant and one or more persons are beneficially entitled in possession to any capital asset they must be treated, in the absence of evidence to the contrary, as if each of them were entitled in possession to the whole beneficial interest therein in an equal share and the foregoing provisions of this Chapter apply for the purposes of calculating the amount of capital which the applicant is treated as possessing as if it were actual capital which the applicant does possess.
Calculation of tariff income from capital: pensioners
68. The capital of an applicant who is a pensioner, calculated in accordance with this Part, is to be treated as if it were a weekly income(2) of—
(a)£1 for each £500 in excess of £10,000 but not exceeding £16,000; and
(b)£1 for any excess which is not a complete £500.
Calculation of tariff income from capital: persons who are not pensioners
69. The capital of an applicant who is not a pensioner, calculated in accordance with this Part , is to be treated as if it were a weekly income(3) of—
(a)£1 for each complete £250 in excess of £6,000 but not exceeding £16,000;
(b)£1 for any excess which is not a complete £250.
The capital limit is £16,000, see paragraph 21.
Income from capital is taken into account in calculating the income of an applicant who is a pensioner; see paragraph 36(1)(i).
Income from capital is taken into account in calculating the income of an applicant who is not a pensioner; see paragraph 54(1)(b)(ii).