PART 4 CLAIMS UNDER SECTION 47A OF THE 1998 ACT

OFFERS TO SETTLE

45 Settlement offers
1 For the purposes of this rule and rules 46 to 49—
“Rule 45 Offer” means an offer to settle which is made in accordance with this rule; and
“relevant period” means—
(a) in the case of an offer made not less than 21 days before the main substantive hearing of the claim, the period specified under paragraph (3)(c) or such longer period as the parties agree; or
(b) in any other case, the period up to the end of the main substantive hearing of the claim.
2 A Rule 45 Offer may be made at any time, including before the commencement of proceedings.
3 A Rule 45 Offer shall—
(a) be in writing;
(b) state on its face that it is intended to be a Rule 45 Offer under these Rules;
(c) except where the Rule 45 Offer is made less than 21 days before the start of the substantive hearing of the claim, specify a period of not less than 21 days within which the defendant will be liable for the claimant's costs in accordance with rule 48 if the offer is accepted;
(d) state whether it relates to the whole of the claim, to part of it or to an issue that arises in it and, if so, to which part or issue;
(e) state whether it takes into account any counterclaim; and
(f) where it is made by some, but not all, of a number of defendants, state whether or not it is made in satisfaction of the claim against all defendants.
4 A Rule 45 Offer which offers to pay or offers to accept a sum of money is to be treated as inclusive of all interest until—
(a) the date on which the period specified under paragraph (3)(c) expires; or
(b) where paragraph (3)(c) does not apply, a date 21 days after the date the Rule 45 Offer was made.
5 A defendant's offer that includes an offer to pay all or part of the sum at a date later than 14 days following the date of acceptance is not to be treated as a Rule 45 Offer unless the claimant accepts the offer.
6 A Rule 45 Offer is accepted by serving written notice of acceptance on the offeror.
7 A Rule 45 Offer may—
(a) be accepted any time before the substantive hearing of the claim, unless it has already been withdrawn;
(b) only be accepted after the substantive hearing of the claim has started with the permission of the Tribunal.
8 The fact that a Rule 45 Offer has been made shall not be communicated to the members of the Tribunal deciding the case until all questions of liability and the amount of money to be awarded have been agreed between the parties or determined by the Tribunal.
9 Paragraph (8) does not apply where—
(a) the offeror and offeree agree in writing to that effect; or
(b) although the case has not been decided—
(i) any part of, or issue in, the case has been decided; and
(ii) the Rule 45 Offer relates only to parts or issues that have been decided.
10 In a case to which paragraph (9)(b)(i) applies, the members of the Tribunal deciding the case may be told whether or not there are Rule 45 Offers other than those referred to in paragraph (9)(b)(ii), but must not be told the terms of any such other offers unless the offeror and offeree agree in writing to that effect.
11 Where the claimant wishes to accept a Rule 45 Offer made by one or more, but not all, of a number of defendants—
(a) if the claimant alleges that the defendants are jointly and severally liable and the Rule 45 Offer states that it is in satisfaction of the claim against all defendants, the claimant may accept the Rule 45 Offer and the Tribunal shall then direct that the claim against the defendants who did not make the Rule 45 Offer be discontinued;
(b) if the claimant alleges that the defendants are jointly and severally liable and the Rule 45 Offer states that it is in satisfaction of the claim against those defendants making it, the claimant may—
(i) serve notice on the defendants making the Rule 45 Offer agreeing not to continue its claims against them in return for payment of the sum offered; and
(ii) continue with the claims against the other defendants;
(c) if the claimant alleges that the defendants are severally but not jointly liable, the claimant may—
(i) accept the Rule 45 Offer; and
(ii) continue with its claims against the other defendants;
(d) if the defendants are sued only jointly or in the alternative, the claimant may accept the Rule 45 Offer if—
(i) the claimant discontinues the claim against those defendants who have not made the Rule 45 Offer; and
(ii) those defendants give written consent to the acceptance of the Rule 45 Offer.
12 Service of a notice under paragraph (11)(b)(i) is to be treated as acceptance of the Rule 45 Offer for the purposes of rules 47 to 49 and references in those rules to notice of acceptance are to be construed as including a reference to notice under paragraph (11)(b)(i).
13 A Rule 45 Offer is to be treated as “without prejudice except as to costs”.
14 This rule does not preclude a party from making an offer to settle at any time or by any other means but, if not made in accordance with this rule, it shall not have the consequences specified in rules 48 and 49.