The Surface Waters (Abstraction for Drinking Water) (Classification) (Scotland) Regulations 1996

Regulation 2

SCHEDULE 1 CRITERIA FOR CLASSIFICATION OF WATERS

The limits set out below are maxima

No in Annex II to the 1975 Directive	Parameters		DW1	DW2	DW3
(0) See regulation 7(1)(b)
* See regulation 7(1)(d)
2	Colouration (after simple filtration)	mg/1 Pt Scale	20(0)	100(0)	200(0)
4	Temperature	°C	25(0)	25(0)	25(0)
7*	Nitrates	mg/1 NO3	50(0)	50(0)	50(0)
8	Fluorides	mg/1 F	1.5
10*	Dissolved iron	mg/1 Fe	0.3	2
12	Copper	mg/1 Cu	0.05(0)
13	Zinc	mg/1 Zn	3	5	5
19	Arsenic	mg/1 As	0.05	0.05	0.1
20	Cadmium	mg/1 Cd	0.005	0.005	0.005
21	Total Chromium	mg/1 Cr	0.05	0.05	0.05
22	Lead	mg/1 Pb	0.05	0.05	0.05
23	Selenium	mg/1 Se	0.01	0.01	0.01
24	Mercury	mg/1 Hg	0.001	0.001	0.001
25	Barium	mg/1 Ba	0.1	1	1
26	Cyanide	mg/1 CN	0.05	0.05	0.05
27	Sulphates	mg/1 SO4	250	250(0)	250(0)
31	Phenols (phenol index) paranitroaniline 4-aminoantipyrine	mg/1 C6H5OH	0.001	0.005	0.1
32	Dissolved or emulsified hydro carbons (after extraction by petroleum ether)	mg/1	0.05	0.2	1
33	Polycyclic aro matic hydrocar bons	mg/1	0.0002	0.0002	0.001
34	Total pesticides (parathion, hexachlorocyclohexane, dieldrin)	mg/1	0.001	0.0025	0.005
39	Ammonia	mg/1 NH4		1.5	4(0)

Regulation 3

SCHEDULE 2 GUIDELINE VALUES

No in Annex II to 75/440/EEC	Parameters		DW1	DW2	DW3
1 The value given is an upper limit set in relation to the mean annual temperature (high and low).
2 This parameter has been included to satisfy the ecological requirements of certain types of environment.
* See regulation 8(1)(c)
1	pH		6.5 to 8.5	5.5 to 9	5.5 to 9
2	Coloration (after simple filtration)	mg/1 Pt Scale	10	50	50
3	Total suspended solids	mg/1 SS	25
4	Temperature	°C	22	22	22
5	Conductivity at 20°C	μs/cm	1000	1000	1000
6	Odour	dilution factor at 25°C	3	10	20
7*	Nitrates	mg/1 NO3	25
81	Fluorides	mg/1 F	0.7 to 1	0.7 to 1.7	0.7 to 1.7
10*	Dissolved iron	mg/1 Fe	0.1	1	1
11*	Manganese	mg/1 Mn	0.05	0.1	1
12	Copper	mg/1 Cu	0.02	0.05	1
13	Zinc	mg/1 Zn	0.5	1	1
14	Boron	mg/1 B	1	1	1
19	Arsenic	mg/1 As	0.01		0.05
20	Cadmium	mg/1 Cd	0.001	0.001	0.001
24	Mercury	mg/1 Hg	0.0005	0.0005	0.0005
27	Sulphates	mg/1 SO4	150	150	150
28	Chlorides	mg/1 Cl	200	200	200
29	Surfactants (reacting with methyl blue)	mg/1 (laurylsulphate)	0.2	0.2	0.5
30*2	Phosphates	mg/1 P2O5	0.4	0.7	0.7
31	Phenols (phenol index) paranitroaniline 4-aminoantipyrine	mg/1 C6H5OH		0.001	0.01
32	Dissolved or emulsified hydro carbons (after extraction by petroleum ether)	mg/1			0.5
35*	Chemical oxygen demand (COD)	mg/1 O2			30
36*	Dissolved oxygen saturation rate	% O2	>70	>50	>30
37*	Biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5) (at 20°C without nitrification)	mg/1 O2	<3	<5	<7
38	Nitrogen Kjeldahl method (except NO3)	mg/1 N	1	2	3
39	Ammonia	mg/1 NH4	0.05	1	2
40	Substances extractable with chloroform	mg/1 SEC	0.1	0.2	0.5
43	Total coliforms 37°C	/100ml	50	5,000	50,000
44	Faecal coliforms	/100ml	20	2,000	20,000
45	Faecal streptococci	/100ml	20	1,000	10,000
46	Salmonella		Not present in 5,000ml	Not present in 1,000ml

Regulation 9

SCHEDULE 3

PART 1 METHOD OF MEASURING THE VALUES OF PARAMETERS

No. in Annex I to the 1975 Directive	Parameters		Limit of detection12	Precision13	Accuracy14	Method of measurement	Materials recommended for the container
General note: Samples taken at the abstraction point are analysed and measured after sieving (wire mesh sieve) to remove any floating debris such as wood or plastic.
1 For waters classified as DW1, Schedule 2 limit.
2 For waters classified as DW2 and DW3.
3 For waters classified as DW3.
4 For waters classified as DW1, DW2 and DW3, Schedule 1 limit.
5 For waters classified as DW2, Schedule 1 limit, and DW3.
6 For waters classified as DW2 and DW3, Schedule 2 limit.
7 Mixture of six standard substances all of the same concentration to be taken into consideration: fluoranthene; 3, 4-benzofluoranthene; 11, 12-benzofluranthene; 3, 4-benzopyrene; 1, 12-benzoperylene; indano/1, 2, 3-ed/pyrene.
8 Mixture of three substances all of the same concentration to be taken into consideration: parathion, hexachlorocyclohexane, dieldrin.
9 If the samples contain so much suspended matter as to require special preliminary treatment, the accuracy values shown in this Part of Schedule 3 may as an exception be exceeded and will be regarded as a target. These samples must be treated so as to ensure that the analysis covers the largest quantity of substances to be measured.
10 As this method is not in current use in all Member States it is not certain that the limit of detection required for checking values in the 1975 Directive can be attained.
11 Absence in 5,000 m1 (for waters classified DW1, Schedule 2 limit) and absence in 1,000 m1 (for waters classified DW2, Schedule 2 limit).
12 “Limit of detection” means the minimum value of the parameter examined which it is possible to detect.
13 “Precision” means the range within which 95% of the results of measurements made on a single sample, using the same method, are located.
14 “Accuracy” means the difference between the true value of the parameter examined and the average experimental value obtained.
1	pH	pH unit	–	0.1	0.2	– Electrometry. Measured in situ at the time of sampling without prior treatment of the sample.
2	Coloration (after simple filtration)	mg/1 Pt Scale	5	10%	20%	– Filtering through a glass fibre membrane. Photometric method using platinum-cobalt scale.
3	Total suspended solids	mg/1 SS	–	5%	10%	– Filtering through a 0.45μm filter membrane, drying at 105°C and weighing
						– Centrifuging (for at least 5 mins with mean acceleration of 2,800 to 3,200g) drying at 105°C and weighing.
4	Temperature	°C	–	0.5	1	– Thermometry. Measured in situ at the time of sampling without prior treatment of the sample.
5	Conductivity at 20°C	μs/cm	–	5%	10%	– Electrometry.

No. in Annex I to the 1975 Directive	Parameters		Limit of	Precision13 detection12	Accuracy14	Method of measurement recommended for the container	Materials
6	Odour	dilution factor at 25 °C	–	–	–	– By successive dilutions.	Glass.
7	Nitrates	mg/1 NO3	2	10%	20%	– Molecular absorption spectrophotometry.
8	Fluorides	mg/1 F	0.05	10%	20%	– Molecular absorption spectrophotometry after distillation if necessary. – Ion selective electrodes.
10	Dissolved iron	mg/1 Fe	0.02	10%	20%	– Atomic absorption spectrophotometry after filtering through a filter membrane (0.45μm). – Molecular absorption spectrophotometry after filtering through a 0.45μm filter membrane.
11	Manganese	mg/1 Mn	0.011 0.022	10% 10%	20% 20%	– Atomic absorption spectrophotometry – Atomic absorption spectrophotometry – Molecular absorption spectrophotometry.
12	Copper9	mg/1 Cu	0.005 0.023	10% 10%	20% 20%	– Atomic absorption spectrophotometry – Polarography – Atomic absorption spectrophotometry – Molecular absorption spectrophotometry – Polarography.

No. in Annex I to the 1975 Directive	Parameters		Limit of detection12	Precision13	Accuracy14	Method of measurement	Materials recommended for the container
13	Zinc9	mg/1 Zn	0.011 0.02	10% 10%	20% 20%	– Atomic absorption spectrophotometry – Atomic absorption spectrophotometry – Molecular absorption spectrophotometry.
14	Boron9	mg/1 B	0.1	10%	20%	– Molecular absorption spectrophotometry – Atomic absorption spectrophotometry	Materials not containing boron in any significant quantities.
19	Arsenic9	mg/1 As	0.0021 0.014	20%	20%	– Atomic absorption spectrophotometry – Atomic absorption spectrophotometry – Molecular absorption spectrophotometry.
20	Cadmium9	mg/1 Cd	0.0002 0.0015	30%	30%	– Atomic absorption spectrophotometry – Polarography.
21	Total Chromium9	mg/1 Cr	0.01	20%	30%	– Atomic Absorption spectrophotometry – Molecular absorption spectrophotometry.
22	Lead9	mg/1 Pb	0.01	20%	30%	– Atomic absorption spectrophotometry – Polarography.
23	Selenium9	mg/1 Se	0.005			– Atomic absorption spectrophotometry.
24	Mercury9	mg/1 Hg	0.0001 0.00025	30%	30%	– Flameless atomic absorption spectrophotometry (cold vaporisation).
25	Barium9	mg/1 Ba	0.02	15%	30%	– Atomic absorption spectrophotometry.
26	Cyanide	mg/1 CN	0.01	20%	30%	– Molecular absorption spectrophotometry.
27	Sulphates	mg/1 SO4	10	10%	10%	– Gravimetric analysis. – EDTA compleximetry. – Molecular absorption spectrophotometry.
28	Chlorides	mg/1 C1	10	10%	10%	– Titration (Mohr’s method). – Molecular absorption spectrophotometry.
29	Surfactants (reacting with methylene blue)	mg/1 (laury1 sulphate)	0.05	20%		– Molecular absorption spectrophotometry.
30	Phosphates	mg/1 P2O5	0.02	10%	20%	– Molecular absorption spectrophotometry.
31	Phenols (phenol Index)	mg/1 C6H5OH	0.0005 0.0015	0.0005 30%	0.0005 50%	– Molecular absorption spectrophotometry 4-aminoantipyrine method. – Paranitraniline method.	Glass.
32	Dissolved or emulsified hydrocarbons	mg/1	0.01 0.042	20%	30%	– Infra-red spectrometry after extraction by carbon tetrachloride – Gravimetry after extraction by petroleum ether.	Glass.
33	Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons9	mg/1	0.00004	50%	50%	– Measurement of fluorescence in the UV after thin layer chromatography. Comparative measurement in relation to a mixture of six control substances with the same concentration7.	Glass or aluminium.
34	Total pesticides (parathion, hexachlorocyclohexane, dieldrin)9	mg/1	0.0001	50%	50%	– Gas or liquid chromatography after extraction by suitable solvents and purification. Identification of the constituents of the mixture. Quantitative analysis8.	Glass.
35	Chemical oxygen demand (COD)	mg/1 02	15	20%	20%	– Potassium dichromate method.
36	Dissolved oxygen saturation rate	%	5	10%	10%	– Winkler’s method – Electrochemical method.	Glass.
37	Biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5) at 20°C without nitrification	mg/1 02	2	1.5	2	– Determination of dissolved oxygen before and after five day incubation at 20 °C ± 1°C in complete darkness. Addition of a nitrification inhibitor.
38	Nitrogen by Kjeldahl method (except in NO2 and NO3)	mg/1 N	0.3	0.5	0.5	– Mineralisation, distillation by Kjeldahl method and ammonium determination by means of molecular absorption spectrophotometry or titration.
39	Ammonium	mg/1 NH4	0.011 0.12	0.031 10%2	0.031 20%7	– Molecular absorption spectrophotometry.
40	Substances extractable with chloroform	mg/l	10			– Extraction at neutral pH value by purified chloroform, evaporation in vacuo at room temperature, weighing of residue.
43	Total coliforms	/100ml	51 5006			– Culture at 37 °C on an appropriate specific solid medium (such as Tergitol lactose agar, Endo agar, 0.4% Teepol broth) with filtration1 or without filtration6 and colony count. Samples must be diluted or, where appropriate, concentrated in such a way as to contain between 10 and 100 colonies. If necessary, identification by gasification. – Method of dilution with fermentation in liquid substrates in at least three tubes in three dilutions. Sub-culturing of the positive tubes on a confirmation medium. Count according to MPN (most probable number). Incubation temperature: 37°C ± 1 °C.	Sterilised glass.
44	Faecal coliforms	/100ml	21 2006			– Culture at 44 °C on an appropriate specific solid medium (such as Tergitol lactose agar, Endo agar, 0.4% Teepol broth) with filtration1 or without filtration6 and colony count. Samples must be diluted or, where appropriate, concentrated in such a way as to contain between 10 and 100 colonies. If necessary, identification by gasification. – Method of dilution with fermentation in liquid substrates in at least three tubes in three dilutions. Sub-culturing of the positive tubes on a confirmation medium. Count according to MPN (most probable number). Incubation temperature 44 °C ± 0.5 °C.	Sterilised glass.
45	Faecal streptococci	/100 ml	21 2006			– Culture at 37 °C on an appropriate solid medium (such as sodium azide) with filtration1 or without filtration6 and colony count. Samples must be diluted or, where appropriate concentrated in such a way as to contain between 10 and 100 colonies. – Method of dilution in sodium azide broth in at least three tubes in three dilutions. Count according to MPN (most probable number).	Sterilised glass.
46		Salmonella11	1/5,000ml 1/1,000ml			– Concentration by filtration (on membrane or appropriate filter). – Inoculation into pre-enrichment medium. Enrichment and transfer into isolating gelese – Identification.	Sterilised glass.

Regulation 9

SCHEDULE 3

PART II MINIMUM ANNUAL FREQUENCY OF SAMPLING FOR EACH PARAMETER

Population served	Classification DW1
	I1	II2	III3
				Classification DW2
				I1	II2	III3
							Classification DW3
							I1	II2	III3
1 This column applies to the parameters – pH, coloration, total suspended solids, temperature, conductivity, odour, nitrates, chlorides, phosphates, chemical oxygen demand (COD), dissolved oxygen saturation rate, biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5) and ammonium.
2 This column applies to the parameters – dissolved iron, manganese, copper, zinc, sulphates, surfactants, phenols, nitrogen by the Kjeldahl method, total coliforms and faecal coliforms.
3 This column applies to the parameters – fluorides, boron, arsenic, cadmium, total chromium, lead, selenium, mercury, barium, cyanide, dissolved or emulsified hydrocarbons, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, total pesticides, substances extractable with chloroform, faecal streptococci and salmonella.
≤10,000	1	1	1	1	1	1	2	1	1
>10,000 to ≤30,000	1	1	1	2	1	1	3	1	1
>30,000 to ≤100,000	2	1	1	4	2	1	6	2	1
>100,000	3	2	1	8	4	1	12	4	1