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1. This method is for the determination of chloride, in the absence of organic material.
2. All fertilisers which are free from organic material, except ammonium nitrate fertilisers of a nitrogen content greater than 28% by weight.
3. The chlorides, dissolved in water, are precipitated in an acid medium by an excess of standard solution of silver nitrate. The excess is titrated with a solution of ammonium thiocyanate in the presence of ferric ammonium sulphate (Volhard’s method).
4.—4.1 Nitrobenzene or diethyl ether.
4.2 Nitric acid, 10 N solution.
4.3 Indictaor solution: dissolve 40 g of ferric ammonium sulphate [Fe2(SO4)3.(NH4)2SO4.24H2O] in water and make up to 1 litre.
4.4 Silver nitrate, 0.1 N solution.
4.5 Ammonium thiocyanate, 0.1 N solution.
Preparation: since this salt is hygroscopic and cannot be dried without risk of decomposition, it is advisable to weigh out approximately 9 g, dissolve in water and make up the volume to one litre. Standardise by titration against 0.1 N silver nitrate solution.
5.—5.1 Rotary shaker, 35-40 turns per minute.
6. See Method 1.
7.—7.1 Weigh to the nearest 0.001 g, 5 g of the prepared sample and place in a 500 ml graduated flask and add 450 ml water. Mix for half an hour on the shaker (5.1); make up to 500 ml with distilled water, mix and filter into a beaker.
7.2 Take an aliquot part of the filtrate containing not more than 0.150 g of chloride. If the sample taken is smaller than 50 ml it is necessary to make up the volume to 50 ml with distilled water. Add 5 ml 10 N nitric acid (4.2), 20 ml indicator solution (4.3), and two drops ammonium thiocyanate standard solution (taken from a burette adjusted to zero). From a burette than add silver nitrate solution (4.4) until there is an excess of 2 to 5 ml. Add 5 ml nitrobenzene or 5 ml diethyl ether (4.1) and shake well to agglomerate the precipitate. Titrate the excess silver nitrate with 0.1 N ammonium thiocyanate (4.5) until a red-brown colour appears which remains after the flask has been shaken slightly.
Note: Nitrobenzene or diethyl ether (especially the former) prevents the silver chloride from reacting with thiocyanate ions, thus a clear colour change is obtained.
7.3 Make a blank test under the same conditions (omitting only the sample) and allow for it when calculating the final result.
7.4 Carry out the determination on an aliquot part of a freshly prepared solution of potassium chloride, containing 0.100 g as chloride.
8. Express the result of the analysis as a percentage of chloride contained in the sample as it has been received for analysis.
Calculation: calculate the percentage of chloride (Cl) with the formula:
where:
Vz = number of millilitres of silver nitrate added
Vcz = number of millilitres of silver nitrate used in the blank test
Va = number of millilitres of ammonium thiocyanate used for the titration of the sample
Vca = number of millilitres of ammonium thiocyanate used for the titration of the blank
M = weight in grams of the sample in aliquot volume taken for titration.