Railways Clauses Consolidation Act 1845

Construction of Railway

And with respect to the Construction of the Railway and the Works connected therewith, be it enacted as follows :

VI The Construction of the Railway to be subject to the Provisions of this Act and the Lands Clauses Consolidation Act.

In exercising the Power given to the Company by the Special Act to construct the Railway, and to take Lands for that Purpose, the Company shall be subject to the Provisions and Restrictions contained in this Act and in the said Lands Clauses Consolidation Act ; and the Company shall make to the Owners and Occupiers of and all other Parties interested in any Lands taken or used for the Purposes of the Railway, or injuriously affected by the Construction thereof, full Compensation for the Value of the Lands so taken or used, and for all Damage sustained by such Owners, Occupiers, and other Parties by reason of the Exercise, as regards such Lands, of the Powers by this or the Special Act, or any Act incorporated therewith, vested in the Company; and, except where otherwise provided by this or the Special Act, the Amount of such Compensation shall be ascertained and determined in the Manner provided by the said Lands Clauses Consolidation Act for determining Questions of Compensation with regard to Lands purchased or taken under the Provisions thereof; and all the Provisions of the said last-mentioned Act shall be applicable to determining the Amount of any such Compensation, and to enforcing the Payment or other Satisfaction thereof.

VII Errors and Omissions in Plans to be corrected.

If any Omission, Mis-statement, or erroneous Description shall have been made of any Lands, or of the Owners, Lessees, or Occupiers of any Lands, described on the Plans or Books of Reference mentioned in the Special Act, or in the Schedule to the Special Act, it shall be lawful for the Company, after giving Ten Days Notice to the Owners of the Lands affected by such proposed Correction, to apply to Two Justices for the Correction thereof; and if it shall appear to such Justices that such Omission, Mis-statement, or erroneous Description arose from Mistake, they shall certify the same accordingly, and they shall in such Certificate state the Particulars of any such Omission, and in what respect any such Matter shall have been mis-stated or erroneously described; and such Certificate shall be deposited with the Clerks of the Peace of the several Counties in which the Lands affected thereby shall be situate, and shall also be deposited with the Parish Clerks of the several Parishes in England, and with the Postmasters of the Post Towns in or nearest to such Parishes in Ireland, in which the Lands affected thereby shall be situate; and such Certificate shall be kept by such Clerks of the Peace, Parish Clerks, and Postmasters respectively along with the other Documents to which they relate; and thereupon such Plan, Book of Reference, or Schedule shall be deemed to be corrected according to such Certificate; and it shall be lawful for the Company to make the Works in accordance with such Certificate.

VIII Works not to be proceeded with until Plans of all Alterations authorized by Parliament have been deposited.

It shall not be lawful for the Company to proceed in the Execution of the Railway unless they shall have previously to the Commencement of such Work deposited with the Clerks of the Peace of the several Counties in or through which the Railway is intended to pass a Plan and Section of all such Alterations from the original Plan and Section as shall have been approved of by Parliament, on the same Scale and containing the same Particulars as the original Plan and Section of the Railway, and shall also have deposited with the Clerks of the several Parishes in England, and the Postmasters of the Post Towns in or nearest to such Parishes in Ireland, in or through which such Alterations shall have been authorized to be made, Copies or Extracts of or from such Plans and Sections as shall relate to such Parishes respectively.

IX Clerks of the Peace, &c. to receive Plans of Alterations, and allow Inspection.

The said Clerks of the Peace, Parish Clerks, and Postmasters shall receive the said Plans and Sections of Alterations, and Copies and Extracts thereof respectively, and shall retain the same, as well as the said original Plans and Sections, and shall permit all Persons interested to inspect any of the Documents aforesaid, and to make Copies and Extracts of and from the same, in the like Manner, and upon the like Terms, and under the like Penalty for Default, as is provided in the Case of the original Plans and Sections by an [7 W. 4. & 1 Vict. c. 83.] Act passed in the First Year of the Reign of Her present Majesty, intituled An Act to compel Clerks of the Peace for Counties and other Persons to take the Custody of such Documents as shall be directed to be deposited with them under the Standing Orders of either House of Parliament.

X Copies of Plans, &c. to be Evidence.

True Copies of the said Plans and Books of Reference, or of any Alteration or Correction thereof, or Extract therefrom, certified by any such Clerk of the Peace, which Certificate such Clerk of the Peace shall give to all Parties interested when required, shall be received in all Courts of Justice or elsewhere as Evidence of the Contents thereof.

XI Limiting Deviation from Datum Line described on Sections, &c. Proviso. Proviso.

In making the Railway it shall not be lawful for the Company to deviate from the Levels of the Railway, as referred to the common Datum Line described in the Section approved of by Parliament, and as marked on the same, to any Extent exceeding in any Place Five Feet, or, in passing through a Town, Village, Street, or Land continuously built upon, Two Feet, without the previous Consent in Writing of the Owners and Occupiers of the Land in which such Deviation is intended to be made; or in case any Street or public Highway shall be affected by such Deviation, then the same shall not be made without the like Consent of the Trustees of Commissioners having the Control of such Street or public Highway, or, if there be no such Trustees or Commissioners, without the like Consent of Two or more Justices of the Peace in Petty Sessions assembled for that Purpose, and acting for the District in which such Street or public Highway may be situated, or without the like Consent of the Commissioners for any public Sewers, or the Proprietors of any Canal, Navigation, Gasworks, or Waterworks affected by such Deviation : Provided always, that it shall be lawful for the Company to deviate from the said Levels to a further Extent without such Consent as aforesaid, by lowering solid Embankments or Viaducts, provided that the requisite Height of Headway as prescribed by Act of Parliament be left for Roads, Streets, or Canals passing under the same : Provided also, that Notice of every Petty Sessions to be holden for the Purpose of obtaining such Consent of Two Justices as is herein-before required shall, Fourteen Days previous to the holding of such Petty Sessions, be given in some Newspaper circulating in the County, and also be affixed upon the Door of the Parish Church in which such Deviation or Alteration is intended to be made, or, if there be no Church, some other Place to which Notices are usually affixed.

XII Public Notice to be given previous to making greater Deviations. Power to the Owners of adjoining Lands to appeal to the Board of Trade against such Deviations.

Before it shall be lawful for the Company to make any greater Deviation from the Level than Five Feet, or in any Town, Village, Street, or Land continuously built upon, Two Feet, after having obtained such Consent as aforesaid, it shall be incumbent on the Company to give Notice of such intended Deviation by public Advertisement, inserted once at least in Two Newspapers, or twice at least in One Newspaper, circulating in the District or Neighbourhood where such Deviation is intended to be made, Three Weeks at least before commencing to make such Deviation; and it shall be lawful for the Owner of any Lands prejudicially affected thereby, at any Time before the Commencement of the making of such Deviation, to apply to the Board of Trade, after giving Ten Days Notice to the Company, to decide whether, having regard to the Interests of such Applicants, such proposed Deviation is proper to be made; and it shall be lawful for the Board of Trade, if they think fit, to decide such Question accordingly, and by their Certificate in Writing either to disallow the making of such Deviation or to authorize the making thereof, either simply, or with any such Modification as shall seem proper to the Board of Trade; and after any such Certificate shall have been given by the Board of Trade it shall not be lawful for the Company to make such Deviation, except in conformity with such Certificate.

XIII Arches, Tunnels, &c. to be made as marked on deposited Plans.

Where in any Place it is intended to carry the Railway on an Arch or Arches or other Viaduct, as marked on the said Plan or Section, the same shall be made accordingly, and where a Tunnel is marked on the said Plan or Section as intended to be made at any Place, the same shall be made accordingly, unless the Owners, Lessees, and Occupiers of the Land in which such Tunnel is intended to be made shall consent that the same shall not be so made.

XIV Limiting Deviations from Gradients, Curves, &c.

It shall not be lawful for the Company to deviate from or alter the Gradients, Curves, Tunnels, or other engineering Works described in the said Plan or Section, except within the following Limits, and under the following Conditions; (that is to say,)

• Subject to the above Provisions in regard to altering Levels, it shall be lawful for the Company to diminish the Inclination or Gradients of the Railway to any Extent, and to increase the said Inclination or Gradients as follows; (that is to say,) in Gradients of an Inclination not exceeding One in a Hundred, to any Extent not exceeding Ten Feet per Mile, or to any further Extent which shall be certified by the Board of Trade to be consistent with the public Safety, and not prejudicial to the public Interest; and in Gradients of or exceeding the Inclination of One in a Hundred, to any Extent not exceeding Three Feet per Mile, or to any further Extent which shall be so certified by the Board of Trade as aforesaid :

• It shall be lawful for the Company to diminish the Radius of any Curve described in the said Plan to any Extent which shall leave a Radius of not less than Half a Mile, or to any further Extent authorized by such Certificate as aforesaid from the Board of Trade :

• It shall be lawful for the Company to make a Tunnel, not marked on the said Plan or Section, instead of a Cutting, or a Viaduct instead of a solid Embankment, if authorized by such Certificate as aforesaid from the Board of Trade.

XV Lateral Deviations.

It shall be lawful for the Company to deviate from the Line delineated on the Plans so deposited, provided that no such Deviation shall extend to a greater Distance than the Limits of Deviation delineated upon the said Plans, nor to a greater Extent in passing through a Town, Village, or Lands continuously built upon than Ten Yards, or elsewhere to a greater Extent than One hundred Yards from the said Line, and that the Railway by means of such Deviation be not made to extend into the Lands of any Person, whether Owner, Lessee, or Occupier, whose Name is not mentioned in the Books of Reference, without the previous Consent in Writing of such Person, unless the Name of such Person shall have been omitted by Mistake, and the Fact that such Omission proceeded from Mistake shall have been certified in manner herein or in the Special Act provided for in Cases of unintentional Errors in the said Books of Reference.

XVI Works to be executed.

Subject to the Provisions and Restrictions in this and the Special Act, and any Act incorporated therewith, it shall be lawful for the Company, for the Purpose of constructing the Railway, or the Accommodation Works connected therewith, herein-after mentioned, to execute any of the following Works; (that is to say,)

• Inclined Planes, &c.

  They may make or construct in, upon, across, under, or over any Lands, or any Streets, Hills, Valleys, Roads, Railroads, or Tramroads, Rivers, Canals, Brooks, Streams, or other Waters, within the Lands described in the said Plans or mentioned in the said Books of Reference or any Correction thereof, such temporary or permanent Inclined Planes, Tunnels, Embankments, Aqueducts, Bridges, Roads, Ways, Passages, Conduits, Drains, Piers, Arches, Cuttings, and Fences as they think proper ;

• Alteration of Course of Rivers, &c.

  They may alter the Course of any Rivers not navigable, Brooks, Streams, or Watercourses, and of any Branches of navigable Rivers, such Branches not being themselves navigable, within such Lands, for the Purpose of constructing and maintaining Tunnels, Bridges, Passages, or other Works over or under the same, and divert or alter, as well temporarily as permanently, the Course of any such Rivers or Streams of Water, Roads, Streets, or Ways, or raise or sink the Level of any such Rivers or Streams, Roads, Streets, or Ways, in order the more conveniently to carry the same over or under or by the Side of the Railway, as they may think proper ;

• Drains, &c.

  They may make Drains or Conduits into, through, or under any Lands adjoining the Railway, for the Purpose of conveying Water from or to the Railway ;

• Warehouses, &c.

  They may erect and construct such Houses, Warehouses, Offices, and other Buildings, Yards, Stations, Wharfs, Engines, Machinery, Apparatus, and other Works and Conveniences as they think proper ;

• Alterations and Repairs.

  They may from Time to Time alter, repair, or discontinue the before-mentioned Works or any of them, and substitute others in their Stead; and

• General Power.

  They may do all other Acts necessary for making, maintaining, altering, or repairing, and using the Railway :

Proviso as to Damages.

Provided always, that in the Exercise of the Powers by this or the Special Act granted the Company shall do as little Damage as can be, and shall make full Satisfaction in manner herein and in the Special Act, and any Act incorporated therewith, provided, to all Parties interested for all Damage by them sustained by reason of the Exercise of such Powers.

XVII Works below High-water Mark not to be executed without the Consent of the Lords of the Admiralty.

It shall not be lawful for the Company to construct on the Shore of the Sea, or of any Creek, Bay, Arm of the Sea, or navigable River communicating therewith, where and so far up the same as the Tide flows and re-flows, any Work, or to construct any Railway or Bridge across any Creek, Bay, Arm of the Sea, or navigable River, where and so far up the same as the Tide flows and reflows, without the previous Consent of Her Majesty, Her Heirs and Successors, to be signified in Writing under the Hands of Two of the Commissioners of Her Majesty's Woods, Forests, Land Revenues, Works, and Buildings, and of the Lord High Admiral of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, or the Commissioners for executing the Office of Lord High Admiral aforesaid for the Time being, to be signified in Writing under the Hand of the Secretary of the Admiralty, and then only according to such Plan and under such Restrictions and Regulations as the said Commissioners of Her Majesty's Woods, Forests, Land Revenues, Works, and Buildings, and the said Lord High Admiral, or the said Commissioners, may approve of, such Approval being signified as last aforesaid; and where any such Work, Railway, or Bridge shall have been constructed it shall not be lawful for the Company at any Time to alter or extend the same without obtaining, previously to making any such Alteration or Extension, the like Consents or Approvals; and if any such Work, Railway, or Bridge shall be commenced or completed contrary to the Provisions of this Act, it shall be lawful for the said Commissioners of Her Majesty's Woods, Forests, Land Revenues, Works, and Buildings, or the said Lord High Admiral, or the said Commissioners for executing the Office of Lord High Admiral, to abate and remove the same, and to restore the Site thereof to its former Condition at the Cost and Charge of the Company ; and the Amount thereof may be recovered in the same Manner Penalty is recoverable against the Company.

XVIII Alteration of Water and Gas Pipes, &c.

It shall be lawful for the Company, for the Purpose of constructing the Railway, to raise; sink, or otherwise alter the Position of any of the Watercourses, Water Pipes, or Gas Pipes belonging to any of the Houses adjoining or near to the Railway, and also the Mains and other Pipes laid down by any Company or Society who may furnish the Inhabitants of such Houses or Places with Water or Gas, and also to remove all other Obstructions to such Construction, so as the same respectively be done with as little Detriment and Inconvenience to such Company, Society, or Inhabitants as the Circumstances will admit, and be done under the Superintendence of the Company to which such Water Pipes or Gas Pipes belong, and of the several Commissioners or Trustees, or Persons having Control of the Pavements, Sewers, Roads, Streets, Highways, Lanes, and other public Passages and Places within the Parish or District where such Mains, Pipes, or Obstructions shall be situate, or of their Surveyor, if they or he think fit to attend, after receiving not less than Forty-eight Hours Notice for that Purpose.

XIX Company not to disturb Pipes until they have laid down others.

Provided always, That it shall not be lawful for the Company to remove or displace any of the Mains or Pipes (other than private Service Pipes), Syphons, Plugs, or other Works belonging to any such Company or Society, or to do anything to impede the Passage of Water or Gas into or through such Mains or Pipes, until good and sufficient Mains or Pipes, Syphons, Plugs, and all other Works necessary or proper for continuing the Supply of Water or Gas as sufficiently as the same was supplied by the Mains or Pipes proposed to be removed or displaced, shall, at the Expense of the Company, have been first made and laid down in lieu thereof, and be ready for Use, in a Position as little varying from that of the Pipes or Mains proposed to be removed or displaced as may be consistent with the Construction of the Railway, and to the Satisfaction of the Surveyor or Engineer of such Water or Gas Company or Society, or, in case of Disagreement between such Surveyor or Engineer and the Company, as a Justice shall direct.

XX Pipes not to be laid contrary to any Act, and 18 Inches Surface Road to be retained.

It shall not be lawful for the Company to lay down any such Pipes contrary to the Regulations of any Act of Parliament relating to such Water or Gas Company or Society, or to cause any Road to be lowered for the Purposes of the Railway, without leaving a Covering of not less than Eighteen Inches from the Surface of the Road over such Mains or Pipes.

XXI Company to make good all Damage.

The Company shall make good all Damage done to the Property of the Water or Gas Company or Society, by the Disturbance thereof, and shall make full Compensation to all Parties for any Loss or Damage which they may sustain by reason of any Interference with the Mains, Pipes, or Works of such Water or Gas Company or Society, or with the private Service Pipes of any Person supplied by them with Water.

XXII When Railway crosses Pipes, Company to make a Culvert.

If it shall be necessary to construct the Railway or any of the Works over any Mains or Pipes of any such Water or Gas Company or Society, the Company shall, at their own Expense, construct and maintain a good and sufficient Culvert over such Main or Pipe, so as to leave the same accessible for the Purpose of Repairs.

XXIII Penalty for obstructing Supply of Gas or Water.

If by any such Operations as aforesaid the Company shall interrupt the Supply of any Water or Gas they shall forfeit Twenty Pounds for every Day that such Supply shall be so interrupted, and such Penalty shall be appropriated to the Benefit of the Poor of the Parish in which such Obstruction shall occur, in such Manner as the Overseers of the Poor of the Parish shall direct.

XXIV Penalty for obstructing Construction of Railway.

If any Person wilfully obstruct any Person acting under the Authority of the Company in the lawful Exercise of their Power, in setting out the Line of the Railway, or pull up or remove any Poles or Stakes driven into the Ground for the Purpose of so setting out the Line of the Railway, or deface or destroy any Marks made for the same Purpose, he shall forfeit a Sum not exceeding Five Pounds for every such Offence.