(1)For the purposes of this Chapter—
" company " includes any body corporate ;
" control " has the meaning assigned to it by section three hundred and thirty-three of the Income Tax Act, 1952, but any reference to a company being under the control of not more than five persons shall be construed in accordance with subsections (2) and (3) of section two hundred and fifty-six of that Act;
" legatee " includes any person taking under a testamentary disposition or on an intestacy or partial intestacy, whether he takes beneficially or as trustee, and a donatio mortis causa shall be treated as a testamentary disposition and shall not be treated as a gift;
" market value " in relation to any property means the price which that property might reasonably be expected to fetch on a sale in the open market;
" personal representatives " has the meaning assigned to it by subsection (4) of section four hundred and twenty-three of the Income Tax Act, 1952 ;
" settled property " means, subject to subsection (4) below, any property held in trust other than property to which subsection (5) of section twelve of this Act applies ;
" shares " includes stock, and shares or debentures comprised in any letter of allotment or similar instrument shall be treated as issued unless the right to the shares or debentures thereby conferred remains provisional until accepted and there has been no acceptance.
(2)For the purposes of subsection (6) of section ten of this Act, there shall be treated as received in the United Kingdom in respect of any gain all amounts paid, used or enjoyed in or in any manner or form transmitted or brought to the United Kingdom, and section twenty-four of the Finance Act, 1953 (under which income applied outside the United Kingdom in payment of debts is, in certain cases, treated as received in the United Kingdom), shall apply as it would apply for purposes of subsection (3) of section one hundred and thirty-two of the Income Tax Act, 1952, if the gain were income arising from possessions out of the United Kingdom.
(3)Where two or more persons carry on a business in partnership, gains accruing to them on the disposal of any partnership assets shall, in Scotland as well as elsewhere in the United Kingdom, be assessed and charged on them under Case VII separately, and any partnership dealings shall be treated as dealings by the partners and not by the firm as such; but any statement of the profits or gains of a partnership delivered under section one hundred and forty-four of the Income Tax Act, 1952, shall include, with respect to any disposal of partnership property during the year of assessment to which the statement relates, the like particulars as if the partnership were chargeable under Case VII in respect of any gain accruing on the disposal.
(4)This Chapter shall apply in relation to any unit trust scheme (as defined in subsection (1) of section twenty-six of the Prevention of Fraud (Investments) Act, 1958), as if the trustees were a company whose business consists mainly in the making of investments, and as if the rights of the unit holders were shares in the company, and in the case of an authorised unit trust scheme within the meaning of section sixty-nine of the Finance Act, 1960, as if the company were resident and ordinarily resident in the United Kingdom ; but the said section sixty-nine shall not apply so as to treat income chargeable to tax under Case VII as income of unit holders (unless included in the distribution for any distribution period).
(5)An underwriting member of Lloyd's or of an approved association of underwriters shall be treated for the purposes of this Chapter (and in particular of subsection (5) of section twelve) as absolutely entitled as against the trustees to the investments of his premiums trust fund, his special reserve fund (if any) and any other trust fund required or authorised by the rules of Lloyd's or the association in question, or required by the underwriting agent through whom his business or any part of it is carried on, to be kept in connection with the business; but—
(a)the trustees of any such fund shall (subject to subsection (6) below) be assessed and charged to income tax at the standard rate as if this subsection had not been passed, and may, notwithstanding anything in any enactment or in the trusts of the fund, out of any gain accruing from the acquisition and disposal of an investment of the fund make good to the underwriting member any increase in the surtax or profits tax borne by him which is attributable to that gain ; and
(b)in paragraph (a) of sub-paragraph (3) of paragraph 6 of the Twenty-first Schedule to the Income Tax Act, 1952 (which relates to the computation of the profits of an underwriter's business for the purpose of regulating payments into and out of his special reserve fund), the reference to income arising from the investments forming part of those funds shall include the amount of the gains chargeable to tax under Case VII which accrue in the underwriting year in question from the acquisition and disposal of any such investments, after deducting from those gains losses accruing before the end of that year from any chargeable acquisition and disposal of any such investments so far as those losses are not under this paragraph deductible from gains accruing in a previous underwriting year.
In this subsection expressions used in section four hundred and eighty of the Income Tax Act, 1952, or in the Twenty-first Schedule to that Act have the same meanings as they have for purposes of that section or Schedule.
(6)The assessment to be made on the trustees of a fund by virtue of paragraph (a) of subsection (5) above for any year of assessment shall not take account of losses accruing in any previous year of assessment, and if for that or any other reason the tax paid on behalf of an underwriting member for any year of assessment by virtue of assessments so made exceeds the tax for which he is liable, the excess shall, on a claim being made by him to the surveyor, be repaid by the Commissioners of Inland Revenue:
Provided that if the surveyor objects to a claim for a deduction on account of losses allowable under Case VII, the claim shall be heard and determined by the Commissioners concerned in like manner as if it were an appeal against an assessment under Case VII, and the provisions of the Income Tax Act, 1952, relating to the statement of a case for the opinion of the High Court on a point of law shall apply.
(7)Where it appears to the Commissioners of Inland Revenue that a person is or may be chargeable to tax under Case VII in respect of his acquisition and disposal of assets, they may by notice in writing served on any person require him, within such time not less than twenty-eight days as may be specified in the notice.—
(a)to state whether he has acted on behalf of the first-mentioned person in connection with any acquisition or disposal of assets by that person ;
(b)if so, to furnish information in his possession with respect to the acquisition or disposal, being information as to—
(i)the assets comprised in the acquisition or disposal and the consideration for the acquisition or disposal; and
(ii)the date and manner of the acquisition or disposal, including any condition to which it was subject and the satisfaction or otherwise of any such condition ;
and Part III of the Finance Act, 1960 (which relates to penalties), shall have effect as if this subsection were among the provisions specified in the second column of the Sixth Schedule to that Act.
(8)The rules contained in the Ninth Schedule to this Act shall have effect with respect to the operation of Case VII in relation to the matters there dealt with, and with respect to matters arising out of the charge to tax under this Chapter, and the foregoing sections of this Chapter shall have effect subject to the rules so contained; and the enactments mentioned in the first column in the Tenth Schedule to this Act shall, for the purpose of adapting or applying them in relation to the provisions of this Chapter, have effect subject to and in accordance with the provision made in respect thereto in the second column in that Schedule.