37Section 36: interpretation
(1)This section has effect for the interpretation of section 36.
(2)“Financial institution” means a UK institution which—
(a)meets condition A or B, and
(b)is not an insurer or a credit union.
(3)Condition A is that it has permission under Part 4A of FSMA 2000 to carry on the regulated activity of accepting deposits.
(4)Condition B is that—
(a)it is for the purposes of FSMA 2000 an investment firm (see section 424A of that Act),
(b)it has permission under Part 4A of that Act to carry on the regulated activity of dealing in investments as principal, and
(c)when carried on by it, that activity is a PRA-regulated activity.
(5)In subsection (2)—
(a)“UK institution” means an institution which is incorporated in, or formed under the law of any part of, the United Kingdom;
(b)“insurer” means an institution which is authorised under FSMA 2000 to carry on the regulated activity of effecting or carrying out contracts of insurance as principal;
(c)“credit union” means a credit union as defined by section 31 of the Credit Unions Act 1979 or a credit union as defined by Article 2(2) of the Credit Unions (Northern Ireland) Order 1985.
(6)Subsections (3), (4) and (5)(b) are to be read in accordance with sections 22 and 22A of FSMA 2000, taken with Schedule 2 to that Act and any order under section 22.
(7)A person is a “senior manager” in relation to a financial institution if, under an arrangement entered into by the institution, or by a contractor of the institution, in relation to the carrying on by the institution of a regulated activity, the person performs a senior management function.
(8)A “senior management function” is a function designated as such—
(a)by the FCA under subsection (6A) of section 59 of FSMA 2000 (approval for particular arrangements), or
(b)by the PRA under subsection (6B) of that section.
(9)A financial institution (“F”) is to be regarded as failing where—
(a)F enters insolvency,
(b)any of the stabilisation options in Part 1 of the Banking Act 2009 is achieved in relation to F, or
(c)F is taken for the purposes of the Financial Services Compensation Scheme to be unable, or likely to be unable, to satisfy claims against F.
(10)In subsection (9)(a) “insolvency” includes—
(a)bankruptcy,
(b)liquidation,
(c)bank insolvency,
(d)administration,
(e)bank administration,
(f)receivership,
(g)a composition between F and F’s creditors, and
(h)a scheme of arrangement of F’s affairs.