(1)Subject to the provisions of this section, an appeal lies to a Commissioner from any decision of an appeal tribunal under section 12 or 13 above on the ground that the decision of the tribunal was erroneous in point of law.
(2)In the case of statutory sick pay or statutory maternity pay an appeal lies under this section at the instance of any of the following—
(a)the Secretary of State;
(b)the employee concerned;
(c)the employer concerned;
(d)a trade union, where—
(i)the employee is a member of the union at the time of the appeal and was so immediately before the matter in question arose; or
(ii)the matter in question concerns the entitlement of a deceased person who was at the time of his death a member of the union; and
(e)an association of employers of which the employer is a member at the time of the appeal and was so immediately before the matter in question arose.
(3)In any other case an appeal lies under this section at the instance of any of the following—
(a)the Secretary of State;
(b)the claimant and such other person as may be prescribed;
(c)in any of the cases mentioned in subsection (5) below, a trade union; and
(d)a person from whom it is determined that any amount is recoverable under or by virtue of section 71 or 74 of the Administration Act.
(4)In a case relating to industrial injuries benefit an appeal lies under this section at the instance of a person whose entitlement to benefit is, or may be, under Part VI of Schedule 7 to the Contributions and Benefits Act, affected by the decision appealed against, as well as at the instance of any person or body such as is mentioned in subsection (3) above.
(5)The following are the cases in which an appeal lies at the instance of a trade union—
(a)where the claimant is a member of the union at the time of the appeal and was so immediately before the matter in question arose;
(b)where that matter in any way relates to a deceased person who was a member of the union at the time of his death;
(c)where the case relates to industrial injuries benefit and the claimant or, in relation to industrial death benefit, the deceased, was a member of the union at the time of the relevant accident.
(6)Subsections (2), (3) and (5) above, as they apply to a trade union, apply also to any other association which exists to promote the interests and welfare of its members.
(7)If each of the principal parties to the appeal expresses the view that the decision appealed against was erroneous in point of law, the Commissioner may set aside the decision and refer the case to a tribunal with directions for its determination.
(8)Where the Commissioner holds that the decision appealed against was erroneous in point of law, he shall set it aside and—
(a)he shall have power—
(i)to give the decision which he considers the tribunal should have given, if he can do so without making fresh or further findings of fact; or
(ii)if he considers it expedient, to make such findings and to give such decision as he considers appropriate in the light of them; and
(b)in any other case he shall refer the case to a tribunal with directions for its determination.
(9)Subject to any direction of the Commissioner, a reference under subsection (7) or (8)(b) above shall be to a differently constituted tribunal.
(10)No appeal lies under this section without the leave—
(a)of the person who constituted, or was the chairman of, the tribunal when the decision was given or, in a prescribed case, the leave of such other person as may be prescribed; or
(b)subject to and in accordance with regulations, of a Commissioner.
(11)Regulations may make provision as to the manner in which, and the time within which, appeals are to be brought and applications made for leave to appeal.
(12)Schedule 4 to this Act shall have effect with respect to the appointment, remuneration and tenure of office of Commissioners and other matters relating to them.