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Criminal Procedure (Scotland) Act 1995

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Criminal Procedure (Scotland) Act 1995, Cross Heading: Fixed penalties is up to date with all changes known to be in force on or before 19 April 2024. There are changes that may be brought into force at a future date. Changes that have been made appear in the content and are referenced with annotations. Help about Changes to Legislation

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Fixed penaltiesU.K.

302 Fixed penalty: conditional offer by procurator fiscal.S

(1)Where a procurator fiscal receives a report that a relevant offence has been committed he may send to the alleged offender a notice under this section (referred to in this section as a conditional offer); and where he issues a conditional offer the procurator fiscal shall notify the clerk of court specified in it of the issue of the conditional offer and of its terms.

(2)A conditional offer—

(a)shall give such particulars of the circumstances alleged to constitute the offence to which it relates as are necessary for giving reasonable information about the alleged offence;

(b)shall state—

(i)the amount of the appropriate fixed penalty for that offence;

[F1(ii)if the penalty is to be payable by instalments, the amount of the instalments and the intervals at which they should be paid;] F2...

(iii)F2 ...

(c)shall indicate that if, within 28 days of the date on which the conditional offer was issued, or such longer period as may be specified in the conditional offer, the alleged offender accepts the offer by making payment [F3in respect of the fixed penalty] to the clerk of court specified in the conditional offer at the address therein mentioned, any liability to conviction of the offence shall be discharged;

[F4(ca)shall indicate—

(i)that the alleged offender may refuse the conditional offer by giving notice to the clerk of court in the manner specified in the conditional offer before the expiry of 28 days, or such longer period as may be specified in the conditional offer, beginning on the day on which the conditional offer is made;

(ii)that unless the alleged offender gives such notice, the alleged offender will be deemed to have accepted the conditional offer (even where no payment is made in respect of the offer);

(iii)that where the alleged offender is deemed as described in sub-paragraph (ii) above to have accepted the conditional offer any liability to conviction of the offence shall be discharged except where the offer is recalled under section 302C of this Act;]

(d)shall state that proceedings against the alleged offender shall not be commenced in respect of that offence until the end of a period of 28 days from the date on which the conditional offer was issued, or such longer period as may be specified in the conditional offer; F5...

[F6(e)shall state—

(i)that the acceptance of the offer in the manner described in paragraph (c) above, or deemed acceptance of the offer as described in paragraph (ca)(ii) above, shall not be a conviction nor be recorded as such;

(ii)that the fact that the offer has been accepted, or deemed to have been accepted, may be disclosed to the court in any proceedings for an offence committed by the alleged offender within the period of two years beginning on the day of acceptance of the offer;

[F7(iia)that that fact may be disclosed to the court also in any proceedings for an offence to which the alleged offender is, or is liable to become, subject at such time as the offer is accepted;]

(iii)that if the offer is not accepted, that fact may be disclosed to the court in any proceedings for the offence to which the conditional offer relates;

(f)shall state that refusal of a conditional offer under paragraph (ca)(i) above will be treated as a request by the alleged offender to be tried for the offence; and

(g)shall explain the right to request a recall of the fixed penalty under section 302C of this Act.]

(3)A conditional offer may be made in respect of more than one relevant offence and shall, in such a case, state the amount of the appropriate fixed penalty for all the offences in respect of which it is made.

[F8(4)The clerk of court shall—

(a)without delay, notify the procurator fiscal who issued the conditional offer when a notice as described in subsection (2)(ca)(i) above has been received in respect of the offer; or

(b)following the expiry of the period of 28 days referred to in subsection (2)(c) above or such longer period as may be specified in the offer, notify the procurator fiscal if no such notice has been received.]

[F9(4A)A conditional offer is accepted by the alleged offender making any payment in respect of the appropriate fixed penalty.

(4B)Where an alleged offender to whom a conditional offer of a fixed penalty is made does not give notice as described in subsection (2)(ca)(i) above, the alleged offender is deemed to have accepted the conditional offer.

(4C)Where—

(a)an alleged offender accepts a conditional offer as described in subsection (4A) above; or

(b)an alleged offender is deemed to have accepted a conditional offer under subsection (4B) above and the fixed penalty is not recalled,

no proceedings shall be brought against the alleged offender for the offence.]

(5)F10. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(6)F10. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(7)The Secretary of State shall, by order, prescribe a scale of fixed penalties for the purpose of this section F11....

[F12(7A)The amount of the maximum penalty on the scale prescribed under subsection (7) above may not exceed £300 or such higher sum as the Scottish Ministers may by order specify.]

(8)An order under subsection (7) [F13or (7A)] above—

(a)may contain provision as to the payment of fixed penalties by instalments; and

(b)shall be made by statutory instrument, which shall [F14not be made unless a draft of the instrument has been laid before, and approved by resolution of, the Scottish Parliament].

[F15(8A)The alleged offender shall be presumed to have received a conditional offer under subsection (1) above if the offer is sent to—

(a)the address given by the alleged offender in a request for recall under section 302C(1) of this Act of an earlier offer in the same matter; or

(b)any address given by the alleged offender to the clerk of court specified in the offer, or to the procurator fiscal, in connection with the offer.

(8B)For the purposes of section 141(4) of this Act, the accused shall be presumed to have received any citation effected at—

(a)the address to which a conditional offer under subsection (1) above was sent provided it is proved that the accused received the offer; or

(b)any address given by the accused to the clerk of court specified in the offer, or to the procurator fiscal, in connection with the offer.]

(9)In this section—

(a)a relevant offence” means any offence in respect of which an alleged offender could [F16be tried summarily], but shall not include a fixed penalty offence within the meaning of section 51 of the M1Road Traffic Offenders Act 1988 nor any other offence in respect of which a conditional offer within the meaning of sections 75 to 77 of that Act may be sent ; and

(b)the appropriate fixed penalty” means such fixed penalty on the scale prescribed under subsection (7) above as the procurator fiscal thinks fit having regard to the circumstances of the case.

Textual Amendments

F5Word immediately following s. 302(2)(d) repealed (10.3.2008) by Criminal Proceedings etc. (Reform) (Scotland) Act 2007 (asp 6), ss. 50(1)(a)(v), 84; S.S.I. 2008/42, art. 3, Sch. (subject to arts. 4-6)

Modifications etc. (not altering text)

C1S. 302(7A) modified (temp.) (1.10.2022) by Coronavirus (Recovery and Reform) (Scotland) Act 2022 (asp 8), ss. 50-54, 59(1), sch. para. 13 (which affecting provision is continued until 30.11.2024 by S.S.I. 2023/360, reg. 3(2))

Marginal Citations

[F17302ACompensation offer by procurator fiscalS

(1)Where a procurator fiscal receives a report that a relevant offence has been committed he may send to the alleged offender a notice under this section (referred to in this section as a compensation offer); and where he issues a compensation offer the procurator fiscal shall notify the clerk of court specified in it of the issue of the offer and of its terms.

(2)A compensation offer—

(a)shall give such particulars of the circumstances alleged to constitute the offence to which it relates as are necessary for giving reasonable information about the alleged offence;

(b)shall state—

(i)the amount of compensation payable;

(ii)if the compensation is to be payable by instalments, the amount of the instalments and the intervals at which they should be paid;

(c)shall indicate that if, within 28 days of the date on which the offer was issued, or such longer period as may be specified in the offer, the alleged offender accepts the offer by making payment in respect of the offer to the clerk of court specified in the offer at the address therein mentioned, any liability to conviction of the offence shall be discharged;

(d)shall indicate—

(i)that the alleged offender may refuse the offer by giving notice to the clerk of court in the manner specified in the offer before the expiry of 28 days, or such longer period as may be specified in the offer, beginning on the day on which the offer is made;

(ii)that unless the alleged offender gives such notice, the alleged offender will be deemed to have accepted the offer (even where no payment is made in respect of the offer);

(iii)that where the alleged offender is deemed as described in sub-paragraph (ii) above to have accepted the offer any liability to conviction of the offence shall be discharged except where the offer is recalled under section 302C of this Act;

(e)shall state that proceedings against the alleged offender shall not be commenced in respect of that offence until the end of a period of 28 days from the date on which the offer was made, or such longer period as may be specified in the offer;

(f)shall state—

(i)that the acceptance of the offer in the manner described in paragraph (c) above, or deemed acceptance of the offer as described in paragraph (d)(ii) above, shall not be a conviction nor be recorded as such;

(ii)that the fact that the offer has been accepted, or deemed to have been accepted, may be disclosed to the court in any proceedings for an offence committed by the alleged offender within the period of two years beginning on the day of acceptance of the offer;

[F18(iia)that that fact may be disclosed to the court also in any proceedings for an offence to which the alleged offender is, or is liable to become, subject at such time as the offer is accepted;]

(iii)that if the offer is not accepted, that fact may be disclosed to the court in any proceedings for the offence to which the offer relates;

(g)shall state that refusal of an offer under paragraph (d)(i) above will be treated as a request by the alleged offender to be tried for the offence; and

(h)shall explain the right to request a recall of the offer under section 302C of this Act.

(3)A compensation offer may be made in respect of more than one relevant offence and shall, in such a case, state the amount payable in respect of the offer for all the offences in relation to which it is issued.

(4)The clerk of court shall—

(a)without delay, notify the procurator fiscal who issued the compensation offer when a notice as described in subsection (2)(d)(i) above has been received in respect of the offer; or

(b)following the expiry of the period of 28 days referred to in subsection (2)(c) above or such longer period as may be specified in the offer, notify the procurator fiscal if no such notice has been received.

(5)A compensation offer is accepted by the alleged offender making any payment in respect of the offer.

(6)Where an alleged offender to whom a compensation offer is made does not give notice as described in subsection (2)(d)(i) above, the alleged offender is deemed to have accepted the offer.

(7)Where—

(a)an alleged offender accepts a compensation offer as described in subsection (5) above; or

(b)an alleged offender is deemed to have accepted a compensation offer under subsection (6) above and the offer is not recalled,

no proceedings shall be brought against the alleged offender for the offence.

(8)The Scottish Ministers shall by order prescribe the maximum amount of a compensation offer; but that amount shall not exceed level 5 on the standard scale.

(9)An order under subsection (8) above shall be made by statutory instrument; and any such instrument shall be subject to annulment in pursuance of a resolution of the Scottish Parliament.

(10)The alleged offender shall be presumed to have received a compensation offer under subsection (1) above if the offer is sent to—

(a)the address given by the alleged offender in a request for recall under section 302C(1) of this Act of an earlier offer in the same matter; or

(b)any address given by the alleged offender to the clerk of court specified in the offer, or to the procurator fiscal, in connection with the offer.

(11)For the purposes of section 141(4) of this Act, the accused shall be presumed to have received any citation effected at—

(a)the address to which a compensation offer under subsection (1) above was sent provided it is proved that the accused received the offer; or

(b)any address given by the accused to the clerk of court specified in the offer, or to the procurator fiscal, in connection with the offer.

(12)The clerk of court shall account for the amount paid under a compensation offer to the person entitled thereto.

(13) In this section, a “relevant offence” means any offence—

(a)in respect of which an alleged offender could be tried summarily; and

(b)on conviction of which it would be competent for the court to make a compensation order under section 249 of this Act.

302BCombined fixed penalty and compensation offerS

(1)The procurator fiscal may send to an alleged offender a notice under sections 302(1) and 302A(1) of this Act in respect of the same relevant offence (referred to in this section as a “combined offer”).

(2)A combined offer shall be contained in the one notice.

(3)In addition to the information required to be provided under sections 302(2) and 302A(2) of this Act, the combined offer shall state—

(a)that the combined offer consists of both a fixed penalty offer and a compensation offer;

(b)the whole amount of the combined offer; and

(c)that liability to conviction of the offence shall not be discharged unless the whole of the combined offer is accepted.

(4)Any acceptance or deemed acceptance of part of a combined offer shall be treated as applying to the whole of the offer.

302CRecall of fixed penalty or compensation offerS

(1)Where an alleged offender is deemed to have accepted—

(a)a fixed penalty offer by virtue of section 302(2)(ca)(ii) of this Act; or

(b)a compensation offer by virtue of section 302A(2)(d)(ii) of this Act,

the alleged offender may request that it be recalled.

(2)A request for recall under subsection (1) above is valid only if—

(a)the alleged offender claims that he—

(i)did not receive the offer concerned; and

(ii)would (if he had received it) have refused the offer; or

(b)the alleged offender claims that—

(i)although he received the offer concerned, it was not practicable by reason of exceptional circumstances for him to give notice of refusal of the offer; and

(ii)he would (but for those circumstances) have refused the offer.

(3)A request for recall of a fixed penalty offer or a compensation offer requires to be made—

(a)to the clerk of court referred to in the offer; and

(b)no later than 7 days after the expiry of the period specified in the offer for payment of the fixed penalty or compensation offer or, where a notice is sent in pursuance of section 303(1A)(a) of this Act, no later than 7 days after it is sent.

(4)The clerk of court may, on cause shown by reference to subsection (2) above, consider a request for recall of such an offer despite its being made outwith the time limit applying by virtue of subsection (3)(b) above.

(5)The clerk of court may, following receipt of such a request—

(a)uphold the fixed penalty offer or compensation offer; or

(b)recall it.

(6)The alleged offender may, within 7 days of a decision under subsection (5)(a) above, apply to the court specified in the offer for a review of the decision (including as it involves a question which arose by reference to subsections (2) to (4) above).

(7)In a review under subsection (6) above, the court may—

(a)confirm or quash the decision of the clerk;

(b)in either case, give such direction to the clerk as the court considers appropriate.

(8)The decision of the court in a review under subsection (6) above shall be final.

(9)The clerk of court shall, without delay, notify the procurator fiscal of—

(a)a request for recall under subsection (1) above;

(b)an application for review under subsection (6) above;

(c)any decision under subsection (5) or (7) above.

(10)For the purposes of this section, a certificate given by the procurator fiscal as to the date on which a fixed penalty offer or compensation order was sent shall be sufficient evidence of that fact.]

303 Fixed penalty: enforcement.U.K.

[F19(1)Subject to subsections (1A) and (2) below, where an alleged offender accepts a fixed penalty offer under section 302 of this Act or a compensation offer under section 302A of this Act, any amount of it which is outstanding at any time shall be treated as if the penalty or offer were a fine imposed by the court (the clerk of which is specified in the notice).]

[F20(1A)No action shall be taken to enforce a fixed penalty or compensation offer which an alleged offender is deemed to have accepted by virtue of section 302(2)(ca)(ii) or section 302A(2)(d)(ii) of this Act unless—

(a)the alleged offender is sent a notice—

(i)of the intention to take enforcement action; and

(ii)which explains the right to request a recall of the penalty or offer under section 302C of this Act;

(b)any request for recall made under that section has been finally disposed of.]

(2)In the enforcement of a [F21fixed penalty or compensation offer] which is to be treated as a fine in pursuance of subsection (1) above—

(a)any reference, howsoever expressed, in any enactment whether passed or made before or after the coming into force of this section to—

(i)the imposition of imprisonment or detention in default of payment of a fine shall be construed as a reference to enforcement by means of civil diligence;

(ii)the finding or order of the court imposing the fine shall be construed as a reference to a certificate given in pursuance of subsection (3) below;

(iii)the offender shall be construed as a reference to the alleged offender;

(iv)the conviction of the offender shall be construed as a reference to the acceptance of the conditional offer by the alleged offender;

(b)the following sections of this Act shall not apply—

  • section 211(7)

  • section 213(2);

  • section 214(1) to (6);

  • section 216(7);

  • section 219, except subsection (1)(b);

  • section 220;

  • section 221(2) to (4);

  • section 222(8); and

  • section 224.

(3)For the purposes of any proceedings in connection with, or steps taken for, the enforcement of any amount of a fixed penalty [F22or compensation offer] which is outstanding, a document purporting to be a certificate signed by the clerk of court for the time being responsible for the collection or enforcement of the penalty as to any mater relating to the penalty shall be conclusive of the matter so certified.

(4)The Secretary of State may, by order made by statutory instrument subject to annulment in pursuance of a resolution of either House of Parliament, make such provision as he considers necessary for the enforcement in England and Wales F23. . . of any penalty, treated in pursuance of subsection (1) above as a fine, which is transferred as a fine to a court in England and Wales F23. . . .

[F24(5)The Department of Justice in Northern Ireland may by order make such provision as it considers necessary for the enforcement in Northern Ireland of any penalty, treated in pursuance of subsection (1) above as a fine, which is transferred as a fine to a court in Northern Ireland.

(6)The power of the Department of Justice to make an order under subsection (5) is exercisable by statutory rule for the purposes of the Statutory Rules (Northern Ireland) Order 1979.

(7)An order made by the Department of Justice under subsection (5) is subject to negative resolution (within the meaning of section 41(6) of the Interpretation Act (Northern Ireland) 1954).]

[F25303ZAWork ordersS

(1)Where a procurator fiscal receives a report that a relevant offence has been committed he may send the alleged offender a notice under this section (referred to in this section as a work offer) which offers the alleged offender the opportunity of performing unpaid work.

(2)The total number of hours of unpaid work shall be not less than 10 nor more than 50.

(3)A work offer—

(a)shall give such particulars of the circumstances alleged to constitute the offence to which it relates as are necessary for giving reasonable information about the alleged offence;

(b)shall state—

(i)the number of hours of unpaid work which the alleged offender is required to perform;

(ii)the date by which that work requires to be completed;

(c)shall indicate that if the alleged offender—

(i)accepts the work offer; and

(ii)completes the work to the satisfaction of the supervising officer,

any liability to conviction of the offence shall be discharged;

(d)shall state that proceedings against the alleged offender shall not be commenced in respect of that offence until the end of a period of 28 days from the date on which the offer was issued, or such longer period as may be specified in the offer;

(e)shall state—

(i)that acceptance of a work offer in the manner described in subsection (5) below shall not be a conviction nor be recorded as such;

[F26(ia)that if a work offer is not accepted, that fact may be disclosed to the court in any proceedings for the offence to which the offer relates;]

(ii)that the fact that [F27a resultant work order has been completed] may be disclosed to the court in any proceedings for an offence committed by the alleged offender within the period of two years beginning on the day of acceptance of the offer;

[F28(iia)that that fact may be disclosed to the court also in any proceedings for an offence to which the alleged offender is, or is liable to become, subject at such time as the offer is accepted;]

(iii)that if a [F29resultant work order] is not completed, that fact may be disclosed to the court in any proceedings for the offence to which the order relates.

(4)A work offer may be made in respect of more than one relevant offence and shall, in such a case, state the total amount of work requiring to be performed in respect of the offences in relation to which it is made.

(5)An alleged offender accepts a work offer by giving notice to the procurator fiscal specified in the order before the expiry of 28 days, or such longer period as may be specified in the offer, beginning on the day on which the offer is made.

(6)If (and only if) the alleged offender accepts a work offer, the procurator fiscal may make an order (referred to in this section as a work order) against the alleged offender.

(7)Notice of a work order—

(a)shall be sent to the alleged offender as soon as reasonably practicable after acceptance of the work offer; and

(b)shall contain—

(i)the information mentioned in subsection (3)(b) above; and

(ii)the name and contact details of the person who is to act as supervisor (“the supervising officer”) in relation to the alleged offender.

(8)The procurator fiscal shall notify the local authority which will be responsible for supervision of an alleged offender of the terms of any work order sent to the alleged offender.

(9)Where a work order is made, the supervising officer shall—

(a)determine the nature of the work which the alleged offender requires to perform;

(b)determine the times and places at which the alleged offender is to perform that work;

(c)give directions to the alleged offender in relation to that work;

(d)provide the procurator fiscal with such information as the procurator fiscal may require in relation to the alleged offender's conduct in connection with the requirements of the order.

(10)In giving directions under subsection (9)(c) above, a supervising officer shall, so far as practicable, avoid—

(a)any conflict with the alleged offender's religious beliefs;

(b)any interference with the times at which the alleged offender normally—

(i)works (or carries out voluntary work); or

(ii)attends an educational establishment.

(11)The supervising officer shall, on or as soon as practicable after the date referred to in subsection (3)(b)(ii) above, notify the procurator fiscal whether or not the work has been performed to the supervising officer's satisfaction.

(12)Where an alleged offender completes the work specified in the work order to the satisfaction of the supervising officer, no proceedings shall be brought against the alleged offender for the offence.

(13)The Scottish Ministers may, by regulations, make provision for the purposes of subsection (9) above (including, in particular, the kinds of activity of which the work requiring to be performed may (or may not) consist).

(14)Regulations under subsection (13) above shall be made by statutory instrument which shall be subject to annulment in pursuance of a resolution of the Scottish Parliament.

(15)For the purposes of section 141(4) of this Act, the accused shall be presumed to have received any citation effected at—

(a)the address to which a work offer was sent provided it is proved that the accused received the offer; or

(b)any address given, in connection with the offer, by the accused to the procurator fiscal specified in the offer.

(16) In this section, a “relevant offence” means any offence in respect of which an alleged offender could be tried summarily.]

[F30303ZBSetting aside of offers and ordersS

(1)Where this subsection applies, the procurator fiscal may set aside—

(a)a fixed penalty offer made under section 302(1) of this Act;

(b)a compensation offer made under section 302A(1) of this Act;

(c)a work offer made under section 303ZA(1) of this Act;

(d)a work order made under section 303ZA(6) of this Act.

(2)Subsection (1) above applies where, on the basis of information which comes to the procurator fiscal's attention after the offer or (as the case may be) order has been made, the procurator fiscal considers that the offer or (as the case may be) order should not have been made in respect of the alleged offender.

(3)The procurator fiscal may act under subsection (1)(a) to (c) above even where the offer has been accepted (including, in the case of an offer mentioned in subsection (1)(a) or (b) above, deemed to have been accepted).

(4)Where the procurator fiscal acts under subsection (1) above, the procurator fiscal shall give the alleged offender notice—

(a)of the setting aside of the offer or (as the case may be) order; and

(b)indicating that any liability of the alleged offender to conviction of the alleged offence is discharged.]

Textual Amendments

F30S. 303ZB inserted (10.3.2008) by Criminal Proceedings etc. (Reform) (Scotland) Act 2007 (asp 6), ss. 52, 84; S.S.I. 2008/42, art. 3, Sch. (subject to arts. 4 - 6)

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