(1)Subject to the provisions of this section, an appeal lies to a Commissioner from any decision of a social security appeal tribunal under section 22 above on the ground that the decision of the tribunal was erroneous in point of law.
(2)In the case of statutory sick pay or statutory maternity pay an appeal lies under this section at the instance of any of the following—
(a)an adjudication officer;
(b)the employee concerned;
(c)the employer concerned;
(d)a trade union, where—
(i)the employee is a member of the union at the time of the appeal and was so immediately before the question at issue arose; or
(ii)the question at issue is a question as to or in connection with entitlement of a deceased person who was at the time of his death a member of the union;
(e)an association of employers of which the employer is a member at the time of the appeal and was so immediately before the question at issue arose.
(3)In any other case an appeal lies under this section at the instance of any of the following—
(a)an adjudication officer;
(b)the claimant;
(c)in any of the cases mentioned in subsection (5) below, a trade union; and
(d)a person from whom it is determined that any amount is recoverable under section 71(1) or 74 below.
(4)In a case relating to industrial injuries benefit an appeal lies under this section at the instance of a person whose right to benefit is, or may be, under Part VI of Schedule 7 to the Contributions and Benefits Act, affected by the decision appealed against, as well as at the instance of any person or body such as is mentioned in subsection (3) above.
(5)The following are the cases in which an appeal lies at the instance of a trade union—
(a)where the claimant is a member of the union at the time of the appeal and was so immediately before the question at issue arose;
(b)where that question in any way relates to a deceased person who was a member of the union at the time of his death;
(c)where the case relates to industrial injuries benefit and the claimant or, in relation to industrial death benefit, the deceased, was a member of the union at the time of the relevant accident.
(6)Subsections (2), (3) and (5) above, as they apply to a trade union, apply also to any other association which exists to promote the interests and welfare of its members.
(7)Where the Commissioner holds that the decision was erroneous in point of law, he shall set it aside and—
(a)he shall have power—
(i)to give the decision which he considers the tribunal should have given, if he can do so without making fresh or further findings of fact; or
(ii)if he considers it expedient, to make such findings and to give such decision as he considers appropriate in the light of them; and
(b)in any other case he shall refer the case to a tribunal with directions for its determination.
(8)Subject to any direction of the Commissioner, the tribunal on a reference under subsection (7)(b) above shall consist of persons who were not members of the tribunal which gave the erroneous decision.
(9)No appeal lies under this section without the leave—
(a)of the person who was the chairman of the tribunal when the decision was given or, in a prescribed case, the leave of some other chairman; or
(b)subject to and in accordance with regulations, of a Commissioner.
(10)Regulations may make provision as to the manner in which, and the time within which, appeals are to be brought and applications made for leave to appeal.