Matrimonial Causes Act 1973

Additional provisions with respect to financial provision and property adjustment orders E+W

28 Duration of continuing financial provision orders in favour of party to marriage, and effect of remarriage [F1 or formation of civil partnership]. E+W

(1) [F2 Subject in the case of an order made on or after the [F3 making of a divorce or nullity of marriage order] to the provisions of sections 25A(2) above and 31(7) below, the term to be specified in a periodical payments or secured periodical payments order in favour of a party to a marriage shall be such term as the court thinks fit, except that the term shall not begin before or extend beyond the following limits], that is to say—

(a) in the case of a periodical payments order, the term shall begin not earlier than the date of the making of an application for the order, and shall be so defined as not to extend beyond the death of either of the parties to the marriage or, where the order is made on or after the [F4 making of a divorce or nullity of marriage order,] the remarriage of [F5 , or formation of a civil partnership by,] the party in whose favour the [F6 periodical payments] order is made; and

(b) in the case of a secured periodical payments order, the term shall begin not earlier than the date of the making of an application for the order, and shall be so defined as not to extend beyond the death or, where the order is made on or after the [F7 making of a divorce or nullity of marriage order,] the remarriage of [F5 , or formation of a civil partnership by,] the party in whose favour the [F8 secured periodical payments] order is made.

[F9 (1A) Where a periodical payments or secured periodical payments order in favour of a party to a marriage is made on or after the [F10 making of a divorce or nullity of marriage order,] the court may direct that that party shall not be entitled to apply under section 31 below for the extension of the term specified in the [F11 periodical payments or secured periodical payments] order]

(2) Where a periodical payments or secured periodical payments order in favour of a party to a marriage is made otherwise than on or after the [F12 making of a divorce or nullity of marriage order,] and the marriage in question is subsequently dissolved or annulled but the [F13 periodical payments or secured periodical payments order continues in force, that order] shall, notwithstanding anything in it, cease to have effect on the remarriage of [F14 , or formation of a civil partnership by,] that party, except in relation to any arrears due under it on the date of the remarriage [F15 or formation of the civil partnership].

(3) If after the [F16 grant or making of a decree or order] dissolving or annulling a marriage either party to that marriage remarries [F17 whether at any time before or after the commencement of this Act][F18 or forms a civil partnership], that party shall not be entitled to apply, by reference to the [F19 grant or making of that decree or order,] for a financial provision order in his or her favour, or for a property adjustment order, against the other party to that marriage.

[F20 (4) See also section 52A (interpretation of certain references to divorce orders, nullity of marriage orders and judicial separation orders).]

Textual Amendments

F1 Words in s. 28 heading inserted (5.12.2005) by Civil Partnership Act 2004 (c. 33), ss. 261(1), 263, Sch. 27 para. 43(5); S.I. 2005/3175, art. 2(2) (subject to art. 2(3)-(5))

F2 Words substituted by Matrimonial and Family Proceedings Act 1984 (c. 42, SIF 49:3), ss. 5(1), 48(2)

F3 Words in s. 28(1) substituted (6.4.2022) by Divorce, Dissolution and Separation Act 2020 (c. 11), s. 8(1)(8), Sch. para. 27(2)(a); S.I. 2022/283, reg. 2

F4 Words in s. 28(1)(a) substituted (6.4.2022) by Divorce, Dissolution and Separation Act 2020 (c. 11), s. 8(1)(8), Sch. para. 27(2)(b); S.I. 2022/283, reg. 2

F5 Words in s. 28(1)(a)(b) inserted (5.12.2005) by Civil Partnership Act 2004 (c. 33), ss. 261(1), 263, Sch. 27 para. 43(2); S.I. 2005/3175, art. 2(2) (subject to art. 2(3)-(5))

F6 Words in s. 28(1)(a) inserted (6.4.2022) by Divorce, Dissolution and Separation Act 2020 (c. 11), s. 8(1)(8), Sch. para. 27(2)(b); S.I. 2022/283, reg. 2

F7 Words in s. 28(1)(b) substituted (6.4.2022) by Divorce, Dissolution and Separation Act 2020 (c. 11), s. 8(1)(8), Sch. para. 27(2)(c)(i); S.I. 2022/283, reg. 2

F8 Words in s. 28(1)(b) inserted (6.4.2022) by Divorce, Dissolution and Separation Act 2020 (c. 11), s. 8(1)(8), Sch. para. 27(2)(c)(ii); S.I. 2022/283, reg. 2

F9 S. 28(1A) inserted by Matrimonial and Family Proceedings Act 1984 (c. 42, SIF 49:3), ss. 5(2), 48(2)

F10 Words in s. 28(1A) substituted (6.4.2022) by Divorce, Dissolution and Separation Act 2020 (c. 11), s. 8(1)(8), Sch. para. 27(3)(a); S.I. 2022/283, reg. 2

F11 Words in s. 28(1A) inserted (6.4.2022) by Divorce, Dissolution and Separation Act 2020 (c. 11), s. 8(1)(8), Sch. para. 27(3)(b); S.I. 2022/283, reg. 2

F12 Words in s. 28(2) substituted (6.4.2022) by Divorce, Dissolution and Separation Act 2020 (c. 11), s. 8(1)(8), Sch. para. 27(4)(a); S.I. 2022/283, reg. 2

F13 Words in s. 28(2) substituted (6.4.2022) by Divorce, Dissolution and Separation Act 2020 (c. 11), s. 8(1)(8), Sch. para. 27(4)(b); S.I. 2022/283, reg. 2

F14 Words in s. 28(2) inserted (5.12.2005) by Civil Partnership Act 2004 (c. 33), ss. 261(1), 263, Sch. 27 para. 43(3)(a); S.I. 2005/3175, art. 2(2) (subject to art. 2(3)-(5))

F15 Words in s. 28(2) inserted (5.12.2005) by Civil Partnership Act 2004 (c. 33), ss. 261(1), 263, Sch. 27 para. 43(3)(b); S.I. 2005/3175, art. 2(2) (subject to art. 2(3)-(5))

F16 Words in s. 28(3) substituted (6.4.2022) by Divorce, Dissolution and Separation Act 2020 (c. 11), s. 8(1)(8), Sch. para. 27(5)(a); S.I. 2022/283, reg. 2

F17 Words inserted by Matrimonial and Family Proceedings Act 1984 (c. 42, SIF 49:3), ss. 5(3), 48(2)

F18 Words in s. 28(3) inserted (5.12.2005) by Civil Partnership Act 2004 (c. 33), ss. 261(1), 263, Sch. 27 para. 43(4); S.I. 2005/3175, art. 2(2) (subject to art. 2(3)-(5))

F19 Words in s. 28(3) substituted (6.4.2022) by Divorce, Dissolution and Separation Act 2020 (c. 11), s. 8(1)(8), Sch. para. 27(5)(b); S.I. 2022/283, reg. 2

F20 S. 28(4) inserted (6.4.2022) by Divorce, Dissolution and Separation Act 2020 (c. 11), s. 8(1)(8), Sch. para. 27(6); S.I. 2022/283, reg. 2

Modifications etc. (not altering text)

C1 S. 28(1) extended by Matrimonial and Family Proceedings Act 1984 (c. 42, SIF 49:3), ss. 21(c), 48(2)

C2 S. 28(2) extended by Matrimonial and Family Proceedings Act 1984 (c. 42, SIF 49:3), ss. 21(c), 48(2)

29 Duration of continuing financial provision orders in favour of children, and age limit on making certain orders in their favour. E+W

(1) Subject to subsection (3) below, no financial provision order and no order for a transfer of property under section 24(1)(a) above shall be made in favour of a child who has attained the age of eighteen.

(2) The term to be specified in a periodical payments or secured periodical payments order in favour of a child may begin with the date of the making of an application for the order in question or any later date [F21 or a date ascertained in accordance with subsection (5) or (6) below] but—

(a) shall not in the first instance extend beyond the date of the birthday of the child next following his attaining the upper limit of the compulsory school age [F22 (construed in accordance with section 8 of the Education Act 1996)][F23 unless the court considers that in the circumstances of the case the welfare of the child requires that it should extend to a later date]; and

(b) shall not in any event, subject to subsection (3) below, extend beyond the date of the child’s eighteenth birthday.

(3) Subsection (1) above, and paragraph (b) of subsection (2), shall not apply in the case of a child, if it appears to the court that—

(a) the child is, or will be, or if an order were made without complying with either or both of those provisions would be, receiving instruction at an educational establishment or undergoing training for a trade, profession or vocation, whether or not he is also, or will also be, in gainful employment; or

(b) there are special circumstances which justify the making of an order without complying with either or both of those provisions.

(4) Any periodical payments order in favour of a child shall, notwithstanding anything in the order, cease to have effect on the death of the person liable to make payments under the order, except in relation to any arrears due under the order on the date of the death.

[F24 (5) Where—

(a) a [F25 maintenance calculation] (“the [F26 current calculation]”) is in force with respect to a child; and

(b) an application is made under Part II of this Act for a periodical payments or secured periodical payments order in favour of that child—

(i) in accordance with section 8 of the Child Support Act 1991, and

(ii) before the end of the period of 6 months beginning with the making of the [F26 current calculation]

the term to be specified in any such order made on that application may be expressed to begin on, or at any time after, the earliest permitted date.

(6) For the purposes of subsection (5) above, “the earliest permitted date” is whichever is the later of—

(a) the date 6 months before the application is made; or

(b) the date on which the [F26 current calculation] took effect or, where successive [F27 maintenance calculations] have been continuously in force with respect to a child, on which the first of [F27 those calculations] took effect.

(7) Where—

(a) a [F25 maintenance calculation] ceases to have effect [F28 or is cancelled] by or under any provision of the Child Support Act 1991; and

(b) an application is made, before the end of the period of 6 months beginning with the relevant date, for a periodical payments or secured periodical payments order in favour of a child with respect to whom that [F25 maintenance calculation] was in force immediately before it ceased to have effect [F28 or was cancelled],

the term to be specified in any such order made on that application may begin with the date on which that [F25 maintenance calculation] ceased to have effect [F28 or, as the case may be, the date with effect from which it was cancelled], or any later date.

(8) In subsection (7)(b) above—

(a) where the [F25 maintenance calculation] ceased to have effect, the relevant date is the date on which it so ceased; [F29 and]

(b) [F29 where the maintenance assessment was cancelled, the relevant date is the later of—

(i) the date on which the person who cancelled it did so, and

(ii) the date from which the cancellation first had effect.]]

Textual Amendments

F21 Words in s. 29(2) inserted (5.4.1993) by S.I. 1993/623, art. 2, Sch. 1 para. 1

F22 Words in s. 29(2)(a) substituted (1.9.1997) by 1996 c. 56, s. 582(1)(4), Sch. 37 Pt. II para. 136; S.I. 1997/1623, art. 2

F23 Words substituted by Matrimonial and Family Proceedings Act 1984 (c. 42, SIF 49:3), ss. 5(4), 48(2)

F24 S. 29(5)-(8) inserted (5.4.1993) by S.I. 1993/623, art. 2, Sch. 1 para. 2

F25 Words in s. 29(5)(a)(7)(8)(a) substituted (3.3.2003 for certain purposes, otherwise prosp.) by 2000 c. 19, ss. 26, 86(2), Sch. 3 para. 3(2)(a) (with s. 83(6)); S.I. 2003/192, art. 3, Sch.

F26 Words in s. 29(5)(a)(b)(ii)(6)(b) substituted (3.3.2003 for certain purposes, otherwise prosp.) by 2000 c. 19, ss. 26, 86(2), Sch. 3 para. 3(2)(b) (with s. 83(6)); S.I. 2003/192; art. 3, Sch.

F27 Words in s. 29(6)(b) substituted (3.3.2003 for certain purposes, otherwise prosp.) by 2000 c. 19, ss. 26, 86(2), Sch. 3 para. 3(2)(c)(d) (with s. 83(6)); S.I. 2003/192, art. 3, Sch.

F28 Words in s. 29(7) repealed (3.3.2003 for certain purposes, otherwise prosp.) by 2000 c. 19, ss. 85, 86(2), Sch. 9 Pt. I (with s. 83(6)); S.I. 2003/192, art. 3, Sch.

F29 S. 29(8)(b) and preceding word repealed (3.3.2003 for certain purposes, otherwise prosp.) by 2000 c. 19, ss. 85, 86(2), Sch. 9 Pt. I (with s. 83(6)); S.I. 2003/192, art. 3, Sch.

Modifications etc. (not altering text)

C3 S. 29 extended by Matrimonial and Family Proceedings Act 1984 (c. 42, SIF 49:3), ss. 21(d), 48(2)

30 Direction for settlement of instrument for securing payments or effecting property adjustment. E+W

Where the court decides to make a financial provision order requiring any payments to be secured or a property adjustment order—

(a) it may direct that the matter be referred to one of the conveyancing counsel of the court for him to settle a proper instrument to be executed by all necessary parties; and

(b) where the order is to be made in proceedings for divorce, nullity of marriage or judicial separation it may, if it thinks fit, defer the [F30 making of the divorce, nullity of marriage or judicial separation order] until the instrument has been duly executed.

Textual Amendments

F30 Words in s. 30(b) substituted (6.4.2022) by Divorce, Dissolution and Separation Act 2020 (c. 11), s. 8(1)(8), Sch. para. 28 (with s. 8(4)(5)(6)); S.I. 2022/283, reg. 2

Modifications etc. (not altering text)

C4 S. 30 extended except para. (b), by Matrimonial and Family Proceedings Act 1984 (c. 42, SIF 49:3), ss. 21(e), 48(2)