16.—(1) Without restriction on the general powers in rule 5(1) and (2) (case management powers), the First-tier Tribunal may give orders as to—
(a)issues on which it requires evidence or submissions;
(b)the nature of any such evidence;
(c)whether the parties are permitted or required to provide expert evidence, and if so whether the parties must jointly appoint a single expert to provide such evidence;
(d)any limit on the number of witnesses whose evidence a party may put forward, whether in relation to a particular issue or generally;
(e)the manner in which any evidence or submissions are to be provided, which may include an order for them to be given—
(i)orally at a hearing; or
(ii)by written submissions or witness statement; and
(f)the time at which any evidence or submissions are to be provided.
(2) The First-tier Tribunal may exclude evidence that would otherwise be admissible where—
(a)the evidence was not, without reasonable excuse, provided within the time allowed by an order or a practice direction.
(b)the evidence was otherwise, without reasonable excuse, provided in a manner that did not comply with an order or a practice direction; or
(c)it would otherwise be unfair to admit the evidence.
(3) The First-tier Tribunal may consent to a witness giving, or require any witness to give, evidence on oath, and may administer an oath for that purpose.