2011 No. 81
Environmental ProtectionMarine Licensing
The Marine Licensing (Civil Sanctions) Order (Northern Ireland) 2011
Laid before the Assembly in draft
Made 22nd March 2011
Coming into operation 6th April 2011

The Department of the Environment, as the appropriate licensing authority under section 113(6)(b) of the Marine and Coastal Access Act 2009, in exercise of the powers conferred by sections 93(1), 95(1) and 316(1)(b) and having carried out a consultation in accordance with paragraph 8 of Schedule 7 to that Act, makes the following Order.
2009 c.23.

PART 1 Introductory provisions

1 Citation and commencement
This Order may be cited as the Marine Licensing (Civil Sanctions) Order (Northern Ireland) 2011 and comes into operation on 6th April 2011.

2 Interpretation
1 In this Order—
“the Act” means the Marine and Coastal Access Act 2009;
“Appeals Commission” means the Water Appeals Commission for Northern Ireland as specified in Article 292 (Water Appeals Commission) of the Water and Sewerage Services (Northern Ireland) Order 2006(
“civil sanction” means a fixed monetary penalty or variable monetary penalty;
“final notice”—
(a) in relation to a fixed monetary penalty, has the meaning given by Article 8(3);
(b) in relation to a variable monetary penalty, has the meaning given by Article 17(4);
“licence” means a marine licence;
“notice of intent”—
(a) in relation to a fixed monetary penalty, has the meaning given by Article 5(1); and
(b) in relation to a variable monetary penalty, has the meaning given by Article 14(1).
S.I. 2006/3336 (N.I. 21)
2 The Interpretation Act (Northern Ireland) 1954 applies to this Order as it applies to an Act of the Assembly.
1954 c.33 (N.I.).

3 Application
This Order applies in relation to Northern Ireland and the Northern Ireland inshore region, and any licensable marine activity carried on in Northern Ireland or the Northern Ireland inshore region, for which the Department of the Environment is—
(a) the appropriate licensing authority; or
(b) an appropriate enforcement authority (and references in this Order to “the enforcement authority” are to be read accordingly).
Under sections 113(6)(a) and 114(2) of the Act the Secretary of State is, respectively, the licensing authority and the enforcement authority in respect of anything done in the course of carrying on any activity which relates to a matter which is an excepted matter, by virtue of paragraph 4 of Schedule 2 to the Northern Ireland Act 1998 (c. 47) (defence of the realm etc.), in Northern Ireland and the Northern Ireland inshore region.

PART 2 Fixed monetary penalties

4 Power to impose fixed monetary penalty
1 The enforcement authority may by notice impose a fixed monetary penalty on a person in relation to an offence under section 85(1) of the Act (breach of requirement for, or conditions of, a licence).
2 The enforcement authority must, before imposing a penalty under paragraph (1), be satisfied beyond reasonable doubt that the person has committed the offence.
3 The amount of the fixed monetary penalty is £100 for an individual or £300 in any other case.

5 Notice of intent
1 Where the enforcement authority proposes to impose a fixed monetary penalty on a person, it must serve on that person a notice of what is proposed (a “notice of intent”).
2 The notice must offer the person the opportunity to discharge the person’s liability for the fixed monetary penalty by payment of 50% of the amount of the penalty within the period of 28 days beginning with the day on which the notice of intent is received.
3 The notice must also include information as to—
(a) the grounds for the proposal to impose the fixed monetary penalty;
(b) the amount of the proposed fixed monetary penalty;
(c) the effect of payment of the sum referred to in Article 6;
(d) the right to make representations and objections;
(e) the circumstances in which the enforcement authority may not impose the fixed monetary penalty;
(f) the period, referred to in Article 6, within which liability to the fixed monetary penalty may be discharged; and
(g) the period, referred to in Article 7(1), within which representations and objections may be made.
4 The enforcement authority may not serve a notice of intent on a person in relation to any act or omission where—
(a) a variable monetary penalty has been imposed on that person in relation to that act or omission; or
(b) a stop notice has been served on that person in relation to that act or omission.

6 Discharge of liability
A person who receives a notice of intent may discharge liability for the fixed monetary penalty by paying to the enforcement authority 50% of the amount of the penalty within the period of 28 days beginning with the day on which the notice of intent is served.

7 Representations and objections
1 A person on whom a notice of intent is served may, within the period of 28 days beginning with the day on which the notice of intent is served, make written representations and objections to the enforcement authority in relation to the proposed imposition of the fixed monetary penalty.
2 This Article does not apply where a person has discharged liability under Article 6.

8 Imposition of fixed monetary penalty
1 The enforcement authority must after the end of the period for making representations and objections decide whether to impose the fixed monetary penalty.
2 The enforcement authority must not decide to impose a fixed monetary penalty on a person where the authority is satisfied that the person would not, by reason of any defence, be liable to be convicted of the offence in relation to which the penalty is proposed to be imposed.
3 Where the enforcement authority decides to impose the fixed monetary penalty, the notice imposing it (the “final notice”) must include information as to—
(a) the grounds for imposing the penalty;
(b) the amount of the penalty;
(c) how payment may be made;
(d) the period within which payment must be made;
(e) any early payment discounts or late payment penalties;
(f) rights of appeal; and
(g) the consequences of non-payment.
4 This Article does not apply where a person has discharged liability under Article 6.

9 Discount for early payment
A person who makes representations or objections in accordance with Article 7 may discharge liability to the fixed monetary penalty by paying to the enforcement authority 50% of the amount of the penalty within the period of 28 days beginning with the day on which the final notice is received.

10 Payment dates and late payment penalties
1 Where no appeal is brought against the decision to impose a fixed monetary penalty, the penalty must be paid within the period of 56 days beginning with the day on which the final notice is served.
2 If a fixed monetary penalty is not paid within the period of 56 days, the person liable to pay the fixed monetary penalty is also liable to pay to the enforcement authority a late payment penalty of 50% of the amount of the fixed monetary penalty.
3 Where an appeal is brought but a fixed monetary penalty remains payable following that appeal, the penalty must be paid within the period of 28 days beginning with the day the appeal was determined.
4 If a fixed monetary penalty is not paid within the period of 28 days, the person liable to pay the fixed monetary penalty is also liable to pay to the enforcement authority a late payment penalty of 50% of the amount of the fixed monetary penalty.

11 Restrictions on other sanctions
1 Where a notice of intent has been served on a person—
(a) no criminal proceedings for the offence to which the notice relates may be instituted against the person in respect of the act or omission to which the notice relates before the end of the period of 28 days beginning with the day on which the notice of intent is served; and
(b) if the person so discharges liability, the person may not at any time be convicted of the offence to which the notice of intent relates in relation to that act or omission.
2 Where a fixed monetary penalty is imposed on a person—
(a) that person may not at any time be convicted of the offence in relation to which the penalty was imposed in respect of the act or omission giving rise to the penalty; and
(b) the enforcement authority may not serve a compliance notice or a remediation notice on that person in respect of the act or omission giving rise to the penalty.
3 The enforcement authority may not serve a stop notice on a person in relation to any act or omission where—
(a) a fixed monetary penalty has been imposed on that person in relation to that act or omission; or
(b) the person has discharged liability to a fixed monetary penalty in relation to that act or omission in accordance with Article 6.

12 Appeals against fixed monetary penalties
1 Subject to Article 28, the person on whom a fixed monetary penalty is imposed may appeal against the decision to impose it.
2 The grounds for appeal are—
(a) that the decision was based on an error of fact;
(b) that the decision was wrong in law;
(c) that the decision was unreasonable; and
(d) any other reason permitted by the Appeals Commission.

PART 3 Variable monetary penalties

13 Power to impose variable monetary penalty
1 The enforcement authority may by notice impose a variable monetary penalty on a person in relation to—
(a) an offence under section 85(1) of the Act (breach of requirement for, or conditions of, a licence);
(b) an offence under section 89(1) of that Act (information); and
(c) an offence under section 92(3)(b) of that Act (offence of failure to comply with a remediation notice).
2 The enforcement authority must, before imposing a penalty under paragraph (1), be satisfied beyond reasonable doubt that the person has committed the offence.

14 Notice of intent
1 Where the enforcement authority proposes to impose a variable monetary penalty on a person, the authority must serve on that person a notice (a “notice of intent”).
2 The notice of intent must include information as to—
(a) the grounds for the proposal to impose the variable monetary penalty;
(b) the amount of the proposed variable monetary penalty;
(c) the circumstances in which the enforcement authority may not impose the variable monetary penalty; and
(d) the period, referred to in Article 15, within which representations and objections may be made.
3 The enforcement authority may not serve a notice of intent on a person in relation to any act or omission where—
(a) a fixed monetary penalty has been imposed on that person in relation to that act or omission or
(b) the person has discharged liability to a fixed monetary penalty in relation to that act or omission in accordance with Article 6.

15 Representations and objections
A person on whom a notice of intent is served may, within the period of 28 days beginning with the day on which the notice of intent is served, make written representations and objections to the enforcement authority in relation to the proposed imposition of the penalty.

16 Undertakings to benefit affected persons
1 A person on whom a notice of intent is served may offer an undertaking as to action to be taken by that person (including the payment of a sum of money) to benefit any person affected by the offence.
2 The enforcement authority may accept or reject such an undertaking.

17 Imposition of variable monetary penalty
1 After the end of the period for making representations and objections, the enforcement authority must decide whether to impose a variable monetary penalty and, if so, the amount of the penalty.
2 In so deciding, the enforcement authority must take into account any undertaking accepted under Article 16(2).
3 The enforcement authority must not decide to impose a penalty on a person where the authority is satisfied that the person would not, by reason of any defence raised by that person, be liable to be convicted of the offence in relation to which the penalty is proposed to be imposed.
4 Where the enforcement authority decides to impose a variable monetary penalty, the notice imposing it (the “final notice”) must include information as to—
(a) the grounds for imposing the penalty;
(b) the amount of the penalty;
(c) how payment may be made;
(d) the period within which payment must be made;
(e) rights of appeal; and
(f) the consequences of non-payment.

18 Payment dates
1 Where no appeal is brought against the decision to impose a variable monetary penalty, the penalty must be paid within the period of 56 days beginning with the day on which the final notice is served, or such later period as the enforcement authority may agree in writing.
2 Where an appeal is brought but a variable monetary penalty remains payable following that appeal, the penalty must be paid within the period of 28 days beginning with the day the appeal is determined.

19 Restrictions on other sanctions
Where a variable monetary penalty is imposed on a person—
(a) that person may not at any time be convicted of the offence in relation to which the penalty was imposed in respect of the act or omission giving rise to the penalty; and
(b) the enforcement authority may not issue a compliance notice to that person in respect of the act or omission giving rise to the penalty.

20 Appeals against variable monetary penalties
1 Subject to Article 28, the person on whom a variable monetary penalty is imposed may appeal against the decision as to the imposition or amount of the penalty.
2 The grounds for appeal are—
(a) that the decision was based on an error of fact;
(b) that the decision was wrong in law;
(c) that the amount of the penalty is unreasonable;
(d) that the decision was unreasonable for any other reason; and
(e) any other reason permitted by the Appeals Commission.

21 Enforcement cost recovery notices
1 The enforcement authority may by notice require a person on whom a variable monetary penalty is imposed to pay the costs incurred by the enforcement authority in relation to the imposition of the penalty up to the time of its imposition.
2 The notice must specify the amount required to be paid.
3 The person on whom the notice is served may require the enforcement authority to provide a detailed breakdown of the amount specified in the notice.
4 The person required to pay costs is not liable to pay any costs shown by the person to have been unnecessarily incurred.
5 In this Article, “costs” include in particular—
(a) investigation costs;
(b) administration costs; and
(c) costs of obtaining expert advice (including legal advice).

22 Appeals against enforcement cost recovery notices
Subject to Article 28, the person required under Article 21 to pay costs may appeal against the decision—
(a) to impose the requirement to pay costs; and
(b) as to the amount of those costs.

PART 4 Guidance and publication of enforcement action

23 Guidance as to use of civil sanctions
1 The enforcement authority must publish guidance about its use of civil sanctions.
2 The guidance must contain information as to—
(a) the circumstances in which a civil sanction is likely to be imposed;
(b) the circumstances in which it may not be imposed;
(c) in relation to a fixed monetary penalty—
(i) the amount of the penalty; and
(ii) how liability for the penalty may be discharged and the effect of discharge;
(d) in relation to a variable monetary penalty, the matters likely to be taken into account by the enforcement authority in determining the amount of the penalty (including, where relevant, any discounts for voluntary reporting of non-compliance);
(e) rights to make representations and objections; and
(f) rights of appeal.
3 The enforcement authority must revise the guidance where appropriate.
4 The enforcement authority must consult such persons as it considers appropriate before publishing any guidance or revised guidance.
5 The enforcement authority must have regard to the guidance or revised guidance in exercising its functions.

24 Guidance as to requirement to pay costs
The enforcement authority must publish guidance about how it will exercise the power conferred by Article 21.

25 Publication of enforcement action
1 The enforcement authority must from time to time publish reports specifying—
(a) the cases in which a civil sanction has been imposed (but this does not include cases where the sanction has been imposed but overturned on appeal);
(b) where the civil sanction is a fixed monetary penalty, the cases in which liability to the penalty has been discharged in accordance with Article 6; and
(c) where the civil sanction is a variable monetary penalty, the cases in which an undertaking referred to in Article 16 is accepted from such a person.
2 Paragraph (1) does not apply in cases where the appropriate licensing authority considers that it would be inappropriate to specify the information referred to in that paragraph.

PART 5 General provisions

26 Recovery of payments
1 The enforcement authority may recover any civil sanction imposed under this Order, and any financial penalty for late payment payable under Article 10, as a civil debt.
2 The enforcement authority may recover any civil sanction imposed under this Order, and any financial penalty for late payment payable under Article 10, on the order of a court, as if payable under a court order.

27 Payment of certain discharge payments into Consolidated Fund
Where the enforcement authority receives any payment under Article 6, the authority must pay it into the Consolidated Fund of Northern Ireland.
See also paragraph 12 of Schedule 7 to the Marine and Coastal Access Act 2009, which requires any fixed monetary penalty, variable monetary penalty or other financial penalty for late payment under this Order to be paid into the Consolidated Fund of Northern Ireland.

28 Appeals – further provisions
1 Any appeal under this Order is to the Appeals Commission, and except as otherwise provided for in this Order, shall be determined in accordance with Articles 292 and 293 (Procedure of the Water Appeals Commission) of the Water and Sewerage Services (Northern Ireland) Order 2006.
2 Notice of appeal against the imposition of either a fixed monetary penalty or a variable monetary penalty must be accompanied by either—
(a) the final notice;
(b) any relevant correspondence;
(c) all documents upon which the appellant wishes to rely; and
(d) such forms and other relevant information as may be required by the procedures of the Appeals Commission.
3 Notice of appeal against the imposition of a cost recovery notice, served under Article 22 must be accompanied by a copy of the cost recovery notice and the information detailed in subparagraphs (b) to (d) of paragraph (4).
4 Before determining any appeal the Appeals Commission shall, if either the appellant or the enforcement authority so desires, afford to each of them an opportunity of appearing before and being heard by the Appeals Commission.
5 In any appeal the burden of proof is on the enforcement authority, and—
(a) if the appeal involves an alleged commission of an offence the enforcement authority must prove the commission of the offence beyond reasonable doubt; and
(b) the Appeals Commission must determine the burden and standard of proof in any other case.
6 A notice which is the subject of an appeal, and any requirement in such a notice, is suspended pending determination of that appeal.
7 The Appeals Commission may, in respect of an appeal under Article 12 quash or confirm the requirement or notice;
8 The Appeals Commission may, in respect of an appeal under Article 20 or 22 quash, confirm or vary the requirement or notice.

29 Service of notices
1 Any notice that is required or authorised to be served on or given to a person under this Order may be served on or given to the person by any of the following methods—
(a) personal delivery;
(b) addressing it to the person and leaving it at the appropriate address;
(c) addressing it to the person and sending it to that address by post;
(d) in a case where an address for service using electronic communications has been given by the person, sending it using electronic communications, in accordance with the condition set out in paragraph (4), to that person at that address.
2 In paragraph (1), “the appropriate address” means—
(a) in the case of a body corporate, its registered or principal office in the United Kingdom;
(b) in the case of a firm, the principal office of the partnership;
(c) in the case of an unincorporated body or association, the principal office of the body or association;
(d) in any other case, the person’s usual or last known place of residence in the United Kingdom or last known place of business in the United Kingdom.
3 In the case of—
(a) a company registered outside the United Kingdom;
(b) a firm carrying on business outside the United Kingdom; or
(c) an unincorporated body or association with offices outside the United Kingdom,
the references in paragraph (2) to its principal office include references to its principal office within the United Kingdom (if any).
4 The condition mentioned in paragraph (1)(d) is that the notice must be—
(a) capable of being accessed by the person mentioned in that provision;
(b) legible in all material respects; and
(c) in a form sufficiently permanent to be used for subsequent reference.
5 For the purposes of paragraph (4), “legible in all material respects” means that the information contained in the notice is available to that person to no lesser extent than it would be if served or given by means of a notice in printed form.

30 Amending or withdrawing final notices
The enforcement authority may at any time withdraw a final notice, reduce the amount payable in any final notice, or amend a final notice to correct an error.
Sealed with the Official Seal of the Department of the Environment on 22nd March 2011
Maggie Smith A senior officer of the Department of the Environment

EXPLANATORY NOTE
(This note is not part of the Order)
This Order confers on the Department of the Environment, as an enforcement authority under section 114(2) of the Marine and Coastal Access Act 2009 (“the Act”), powers to impose fixed monetary penalties and variable monetary penalties in relation to certain offences under the Act.
Part 1 of this Order contains introductory provisions, and definitions (see section 115(1) of the Act for further relevant definitions).
Part 2 contains provisions relating to fixed monetary penalties. Article 4 confers power on the enforcement authority to impose such a penalty in relation to an offence under section 85(1) of the Act (breach of requirement for, or conditions of, a marine licence). Article 5 deals with notices of intent and Article 6 provides for making payments to discharge liability where such notices have been served. Articles 7 and 8 deal with making representations and objections, and giving final notices imposing penalties. Articles 9 and 10 make provision for early payment discount, payment dates and late payment penalties. Article 11 contains provisions restricting the combination of a fixed monetary penalty with other sanctions available under the Act, and Article 12 sets out rights of appeal.
Part 3 contains provisions relating to variable monetary penalties. Article 13 confers power on the enforcement authority to impose a variable monetary penalty in relation to offences under sections 85(1), 89(1) and 92(3)(b) (failure to comply with a remediation notice) of the Act. Article 14 deals with notices of intent, Article 15 deals with making representations and objections, and Article 16 contains provisions relating to offering and accepting undertakings. There are provisions for giving final notices imposing penalties (Article 17), setting out payment dates (Article 18) and restricting the combination of a variable monetary penalty with other sanctions (Article 19). Article 20 sets out rights of appeal against the imposition of a variable monetary penalty. Article 21 confers on the enforcement authority a power to require a person on whom a variable monetary penalty is imposed to pay costs incurred by the enforcement authority, and Article 22 gives a right of appeal.
Part 4 sets out requirements relating to publication of guidance (Articles 23 and 24) and enforcement action (Article 25). Paragraph 10 of Schedule 7 to the Act sets out further publication requirements for guidance relating to the enforcement of offences for which civil sanctions can be imposed. Copies of the guidance referred to are available from the Marine Assessment and Licensing Team, Northern Ireland Environment Agency, Department for Environment, 17 Antrim Road, Lisburn, Co Antrim, BT28 3AL and from the Agency’s website at www.ni-environment.gov.uk.
Part 5 contains general provisions. Articles 26 and 27 deal with the recovery of payments and for paying certain monies received into the Consolidated Fund. Article 28 contains further provisions relating to appeals (all appeals are to the Water Appeals Commission). Article 29 contains provisions relating to the service of notices, and Article 30 contains provisions relating to the withdrawal of amendment of final notices.
A full impact assessment of the effect that this instrument will have on the costs of business, the voluntary sector and the public sector is available from the Marine Policy Team, Department of the Environment, Millenium House, 17-25 Great Victoria Street, Belfast, BT2 7BN and from the Department of the Environment website, www.doeni.gov.uk.