Regulation (EU) 2020/2227 of the European Parliament and of the Council
of 23 December 2020
amending Regulation (EU) 2017/2403 as regards fishing authorisations for Union fishing vessels in United Kingdom waters and fishing operations of United Kingdom fishing vessels in Union waters
THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND THE COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN UNION,
Having regard to the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union, and in particular Article 43(2) thereof,
Having regard to the proposal from the European Commission,
After transmission of the draft legislative act to the national parliaments,
After consulting the European Economic and Social Committee,
Acting in accordance with the ordinary legislative procedure1,
Whereas:
On 29 March 2017, the United Kingdom submitted the notification of its intention to withdraw from the Union pursuant to Article 50 of the Treaty on European Union (TEU).
The Agreement on the withdrawal of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland from the European Union and the European Atomic Energy Community2 (‘Withdrawal Agreement’) contains arrangements for the application of provisions of Union law to and in the United Kingdom beyond the date on which the Treaties cease to apply to and in the United Kingdom. The Common Fisheries Policy (CFP) applies to and in the United Kingdom during the transition period in accordance with the Withdrawal Agreement and will cease to apply on 31 December 2020.
When the CFP ceases to apply to and in the United Kingdom, United Kingdom waters (territorial sea and adjacent exclusive economic zone) will no longer be part of Union waters. Consequently, in the absence of an agreement between the Union and the United Kingdom containing provisions on fisheries, Union and United Kingdom fishing vessels risk not having the possibility to utilise fully the fishing opportunities that might be made available for 2021.
To ensure the sustainability of fisheries and in view of the importance of fisheries for the economic livelihood of many communities in the Union and in the United Kingdom, the possibility of arrangements for continued reciprocal access by Union and United Kingdom fishing vessels to each other’s waters after 31 December 2020 should be maintained. The purpose of this Regulation is to create the appropriate legal framework for such reciprocal access.
The territorial scope of this Regulation and any reference to the United Kingdom therein does not include Gibraltar.
The fishing opportunities for the year 2021 are to be established by the Union and the United Kingdom in full compliance with the requirements set out in Articles 61 and 62 of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea3. To ensure sustainable exploitation of marine living resources and stability within Union waters and United Kingdom waters, the quota allocations and shares for the Member States and the United Kingdom are to be set in accordance with the respective applicable law of the Union and of the United Kingdom.
In view of the long-standing fishing patterns of United Kingdom fishing vessels in Union waters and vice versa and in order to obtain reciprocal access to waters, the Union should provide for a mechanism for United Kingdom fishing vessels to access Union waters by means of authorisations, in order to be able to fish the quota shares that will be allocated to the United Kingdom, under the same conditions that apply to Union fishing vessels. Such fishing authorisations should only be granted if and to the extent that the United Kingdom continues to provide authorisations for Union fishing vessels to continue fishing within United Kingdom waters.
Regulation (EU) 2017/2403 of the European Parliament and of the Council4 sets out the rules for issuing and managing fishing authorisations for fishing vessels in waters under the sovereignty or jurisdiction of a third country and for third country fishing vessels conducting fishing operations in Union waters.
Regulation (EU) 2017/2403 lays down rules for fishing operations carried out by Union fishing vessels in the waters of a third country outside the framework of an agreement and provides that a flag Member State may grant direct authorisations and establishes the conditions and procedures for the granting of such authorisations. Given the number of Union fishing vessels that carry out fishing activities in United Kingdom waters, those conditions and procedures would lead to considerable delays and an increased administrative burden in the absence of an agreement between the Union and the United Kingdom containing provisions on fisheries. It is therefore necessary to provide for specific conditions and procedures to facilitate the issuing of authorisations to Union fishing vessels by the United Kingdom for the operation of fishing activities in United Kingdom waters.
It is necessary to derogate from the rules that apply to third country fishing vessels and provide for specific conditions and procedures allowing for the issuing of authorisations to United Kingdom fishing vessels by the Union for the operation of fishing activities in Union waters.
Regulation (EU) 2017/2403 should therefore be amended accordingly.
The transition period provided for in the Withdrawal Agreement ends on 31 December 2020. In the absence of the conclusion of an agreement between the Union and the United Kingdom containing provisions on fisheries, this Regulation should enter into force as a matter of urgency on the day following that of its publication in the Official Journal of the European Union and should apply from the day following that on which Union law ceases to apply to and in the United Kingdom pursuant to Articles 126 and 127 of the Withdrawal Agreement. As a contingency measure, it should apply until the earliest of the following dates: 31 December 2021 or the date on which an agreement between the Union and the United Kingdom containing provisions on fisheries enters into force or provisionally applies.
In view of the need to adopt this Regulation before the day on which Union law ceases to apply to and in the United Kingdom pursuant to Articles 126 and 127 of the Withdrawal Agreement, and the need to provide for procedures for authorising sustainable fishing operations in United Kingdom and Union waters on the basis of reciprocity at the latest by that day, to avoid an abrupt discontinuation of fishing operations, it was considered to be appropriate to provide for an exception to the eight-week period referred to in Article 4 of Protocol No 1 on the role of national Parliaments in the Union, annexed to the TEU, to the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union and to the Treaty establishing the European Atomic Energy Community.
In order to enable both Union and United Kingdom operators to continue to fish, fishing authorisations for fishing activities in Union waters should only be granted to United Kingdom fishing vessels if and in so far as the Commission satisfies itself that the United Kingdom grants access rights to Union fishing vessels to conduct fishing operations in United Kingdom waters on the basis of reciprocity,
HAVE ADOPTED THIS REGULATION:
Article 1Amendments to Regulation (EU) 2017/2403
Regulation (EU) 2017/2403 is amended as follows:
- (1)
in Chapter II of Title II, the following Section is added:
Section 4Fishing operations by Union fishing vessels in United Kingdom waters
Article 18aScope
By way of derogation from Section 3, this Section shall apply to fishing operations carried out by Union fishing vessels in United Kingdom waters.
Article 18bDefinition
For the purposes of this Section, 'United Kingdom waters' means the waters under the sovereignty or jurisdiction of the United Kingdom established in accordance with international law.
Article 18cProcedure for obtaining a fishing authorisation from the United Kingdom
1
A flag Member State that has verified that the conditions set out in Article 5 are complied with shall send the Commission the corresponding application or list of applications for a fishing authorisation by the United Kingdom.
2
Each application or list of applications shall contain the information requested by the United Kingdom for the issuing of a fishing authorisation, in the required format, as communicated by the United Kingdom to the Commission.
3
The Commission shall provide the Member States with the information and format referred to in paragraph 2. The Commission may send a request to the flag Member State for any additional information necessary for verifying compliance with the conditions referred to in paragraphs 1 and 2.
4
If, upon receipt of the application or any additional information requested pursuant to paragraph 3, the Commission finds that the conditions set out in paragraph 1 and 2 are met, it shall forward the application to the United Kingdom without delay.
5
As soon as the United Kingdom informs the Commission that it has decided to issue or refuse a fishing authorisation to a Union fishing vessel, the Commission shall immediately inform the flag Member State accordingly.
6
A flag Member State may only issue a fishing authorisation for fishing operations in United Kingdom waters after having been informed that the United Kingdom has decided to issue an authorisation to the relevant Union fishing vessel.
7
Fishing operations shall not commence until both the flag Member State and the United Kingdom have issued a fishing authorisation.
8
Where the United Kingdom informs the Commission that it has decided to suspend or withdraw a fishing authorisation for a Union fishing vessel, the Commission shall immediately inform the flag Member State accordingly. That Member State shall suspend or withdraw its fishing authorisation for fishing operations in United Kingdom waters accordingly.
9
Where the United Kingdom informs the flag Member State directly that it has decided to issue, refuse, suspend or withdraw a fishing authorisation for a Union fishing vessel, the flag Member State shall immediately inform the Commission accordingly. That Member State shall suspend or withdraw its fishing authorisation for fishing operations in United Kingdom waters accordingly.
Article 18dMonitoring
The Commission shall monitor the issuing of fishing authorisations by the United Kingdom for fishing operations carried out by Union fishing vessels in United Kingdom waters.
- (2)
the following Title is inserted:
TITLE IIIaFISHING OPERATIONS BY UNITED KINGDOM FISHING VESSELS IN UNION WATERS
Article 38aScope
By way of derogation from Title III, this Title shall apply to fishing operations carried out by United Kingdom fishing vessels in Union waters.
Article 38bFishing operations by United Kingdom fishing vessels
United Kingdom fishing vessels may carry out fishing operations in Union waters, in accordance with the conditions set out in applicable Union legislation, provided that Union vessels are granted access to carry out fishing operations in the United Kingdom waters on the basis of reciprocity.
Article 38cGeneral principles
1
A United Kingdom fishing vessel shall not engage in fishing operations in Union waters unless it has been issued with a fishing authorisation by the Commission. It shall only be issued with such an authorisation if it fulfils the eligibility criteria set out in paragraph 2.
2
The Commission may issue a fishing authorisation to a United Kingdom fishing vessel if:
a
the fishing vessel has a valid fishing licence issued by the United Kingdom competent authority;
b
the fishing vessel is listed by the United Kingdom in a fleet register accessible to the Commission;
c
the fishing vessel and any associated support vessel apply the relevant IMO ship identification number scheme insofar as is required under Union law;
d
the fishing vessel is not included in an IUU vessel list adopted by an RFMO and/or by the Union pursuant to the IUU Regulation;
e
the United Kingdom is not listed as non-cooperating pursuant to the IUU Regulation or as allowing non-sustainable fishing opportunities pursuant to Regulation (EU) No 1026/2012; and
f
fishing opportunities are available to the United Kingdom.
3
A United Kingdom fishing vessel authorised to carry out fishing operations in Union waters shall comply with the rules governing the fishing operations of Union fishing vessels in the fishing area in which it operates.
Article 38dProcedure for obtaining fishing authorisations
1
The United Kingdom shall send to the Commission the application or list of applications for authorisations for its fishing vessels.
2
The Commission may ask the United Kingdom for additional information necessary for verifying that the conditions set out in Article 38c(2) are met.
3
When it is established that the conditions provided for in Article 38b and Article 38c(2) are met, the Commission may issue a fishing authorisation and inform the United Kingdom and the Member States concerned accordingly without delay.
Article 38eManagement of fishing authorisations
1
If any of the conditions set out in Article 38b and Article 38c(2) are no longer met, the Commission shall take appropriate action, including amending or withdrawing the authorisation, and inform the United Kingdom and the Member States concerned accordingly.
2
The Commission may refuse to issue authorisations or suspend or withdraw any authorisation issued to a United Kingdom fishing vessel in any of the following cases:
a
where a fundamental change of circumstances has occurred, in particular concerning reciprocal access for Union fishing vessels to the United Kingdom waters;
b
in the event of a serious threat to the sustainable exploitation, management and conservation of marine biological resources;
c
where it is essential in order to prevent or suppress IUU fishing;
d
where the Commission deems it appropriate on the basis of its findings resulting from its monitoring activities pursuant to Article 18d;
e
where the United Kingdom unduly refuses, suspends or withdraws the authorisation of Union fishing vessels to carry out fishing operations in United Kingdom waters.
3
The Commission shall immediately inform the United Kingdom in the event that it refuses, suspends or withdraws the authorisation in accordance with paragraph 2.
Article 38fClosure of fishing operations
1
Where fishing opportunities granted to the United Kingdom are deemed to have been exhausted, the Commission shall immediately notify the United Kingdom and the competent inspection authorities of the Member States thereof. With a view to ensuring the continuation of fishing operations of non-exhausted fishing opportunities, which may also affect the exhausted fishing opportunities, the Commission shall request the United Kingdom to communicate to it technical measures preventing any negative impact on the exhausted fishing opportunities.
2
From the date of the notification referred to in paragraph 1, the fishing authorisations issued to fishing vessels flying the flag of the United Kingdom shall be considered to be suspended for the fishing operations concerned and the fishing vessels shall no longer be authorised to engage in those fishing operations.
3
Fishing authorisations shall be considered to be withdrawn where a suspension of fishing authorisations in accordance with paragraph 2 concerns all the fishing operations for which they have been granted.
Article 38gOverfishing of quotas in Union waters
When the Commission establishes that the United Kingdom has exceeded the quotas it has been allocated for a stock or group of stocks, the Commission shall operate deductions from other quotas allocated to the United Kingdom. The Commission shall endeavour to ensure that the amount of the deduction is consistent with deductions imposed on Member States in similar circumstances.
Article 38hControl and enforcement
1
A United Kingdom fishing vessel authorised to carry out fishing operations in Union waters shall comply with the control rules governing the fishing operations by Union fishing vessels in the fishing area in which it operates.
2
A United Kingdom fishing vessel authorised to carry out fishing operations in Union waters shall provide to the Commission or the body designated by it and, where relevant, to the coastal Member State, the data which Union fishing vessels are required to send to the flag Member State under the Control Regulation.
3
The Commission or the body designated by it shall send the data received in accordance with paragraph 2 to the coastal Member State.
4
A United Kingdom fishing vessel authorised to carry out fishing operations in Union waters shall, upon request, provide to the Commission or the body designated by it the observer reports produced under applicable observer programmes.
5
A coastal Member State shall record any infringements committed by United Kingdom fishing vessels, including the related sanctions, in the national register provided for in Article 93 of the Control Regulation.
Article 2Entry into force and application
1
This Regulation shall enter into force on the day following that of its publication in the Official Journal of the European Union.
2
It shall apply from the day following that on which Union law ceases to apply to and in the United Kingdom pursuant to Articles 126 and 127 of the Withdrawal Agreement, until the earliest of the following dates:
a
31 December 2021;
b
the date on which an agreement between the Union and the United Kingdom containing provisions on fisheries enters into force or provisionally applies.
3
However, this Regulation shall not apply if the agreement referred to in point (b) of paragraph 2 enters into force or provisionally applies by the date of entry into force of this Regulation.
This Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States.
Done at Brussels, 23 December 2020.
For the European Parliament
The President
D. M. Sassoli
For the Council
The President
M. Roth